2020屆高三一模英語(yǔ)試卷附答案

1、JP.秘密啟用前試卷類(lèi)型：B2020 屆高三年級(jí)階段訓(xùn)練題英語(yǔ)本試卷共 10 頁(yè)，滿分 120 分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120 分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名和考生號(hào)、試室號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并用2B 鉛筆在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置填涂考生號(hào)及試卷類(lèi)型（B） 。因聽(tīng)力另考，試卷從第二部分的“閱讀理解”開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從“ 21”開(kāi)始。2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3. 回答非選擇題時(shí)，必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答

2、案，然后再寫(xiě)上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。4. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分 閱讀理解 （ 共兩節(jié)，滿分40 分 ）第一節(jié) （ 共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分 ）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、 B 、 C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AMama and I spend mornings cleaning up the dirt that blows into our house. Mama says allthe dust is due to the drought. The dirt sifts into e

3、verything. It covers our clothes. We have to washthe dishes before each meal. We rarely drive the truck because Papa fears the dust from the road will ruin the motor.When my sister, Faye, and I walk to school, we wear kerchiefs over our mouths so we don breathe in the dirt. On days when the air is s

4、o bad that they close the school, we stay home and help Mama put wet sheets over the windows. But the dirt always finds a way in.Last Sunday, there was no dirt in the air, only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky.After lunch, Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle while I played

5、 with Faye in the yard. The temperature suddenly dropped. I looked to the west and saw a huge black cloud of dust.All the birds flew away.“ I must warn Papa, ” I thought to myself. To avoid her panicking, I gently told Faye to go back inside where she would be safe, and then headed off to the field.

6、The storm hit so fast, and in an instant the day turned into night. By the time I entered the cow field the fine sand was whipping across my face. I screamed for Papa, hoping my voice would lead him back.s lights on andThe dirt and sand stung my skin like a thousand bees. Although I was terrified, I

7、 refused to turn back. My dad was stranded and needed my help. Covering my face with one hand, I groped my way toward the truck and opened the door. First I tried turning the truck hoping that Papa would see them flashing, but the sandstorm let no light escape. Then I pushed the horn again and again

8、, so Papa would hear it. I pushed until I had no more strength in my arms.Suddenly, Papa s face appeared at thewindow. My heart leaped with surprise and relief. He opened the door and climbed onto the seat next to me. He then pulled me into his arms and said, “ Oh, Iris, you saved me! ”Finally, the

9、wind subsided and the dust began to settle. Dirt was piled up to the window on one side of the truck and halfway up the door on the other. Papa kicked against the door, opening it far enough to let us out.Sand and soil drifts were everywhere, but we were safe.21. What is the main function of the fir

10、st two paragraphs?A. It describes a problem the characters must solve.B. It establishes the setting where the story takes place.C. It introduces the characters that will follow in the story.D. It explains the motivations for the characters actions. later 22. Why did Papa go to the field that Sunday?

11、A. He was trying to get to his truck.B. He needed to prepare the field for harvest.C. He wanted to make sure the animals were fine.D. He planned to bring in the cattle before the storm.23. How did Iris save her father?A. By warning him to run away.B. By turning on the truck s lights.C. By guiding hi

12、m towards the shelter.D. By screaming his name at the top of her voice.24. Which of the following words best describe Iris?A. Brave and calm.B. Experienced and confident.C. Adventurous and careful.D. Fearless and sympathetic.GALAXIES AND THE UNIVERSEGalaxies ore hug。groupii%gs of planets, gos, and d

13、ust. Our iun 15 in tne MILKYWAY gctJaxy. which me<jsurei nbout 100. 00。lighr-yenrs ocro5s. That lortg rhin milky bright shnpe ai.ros5 the middle of the night sky h made up of nbojt sevErol billionsta,'s in ourgalaxy. Our gahxy i$ a spiral (tfeKtfJ) galaxyr but there are other Types.rhe Milky

14、wqy也。門(mén)1廿om 日磯閨比jgA3K四 la &Mir urtXvirit Ufitln_ withc?f bi-i：LCiA5 trstari).SPIRAL GALAXY： ga.iaxi$ that have spiral arms That emerge from the center, Our solar systeffi i$ located cn one of the ct'ms of the Milky w<iy galaxy. Ou" 9口Icixv has q h兇e black hole at 汁弓 center that billio

15、ns of stars revoJve around.ELLIPTICAL GALAXY： fh叩3 like a huge egg. The stars in these galaxit? Tend to be very Id Furthermore. The old 零怕5 in eNipheal vend to be yellow and reddish, which according to our ujidgrdtandrng of ifdlar evolufJonr mennf they are smalierp dimmer stars.IRREGULAR GALAXY： The

16、re are ny other jhapcj of galaxies that dren'T fpiraF or eIJipricaF They oil fit into the frre5jlcr caiegory Like The Large ond 5moll MagehankCk>udm they hove rvirher unu£ual-iookHg shaped.25. What is true about the Milky Way?A. There are only stars inside it.B. There is a black hole at

17、its center.C. It 'ths biggest spiral galaxy in the universe.D. It takes 100,000 years to get there from Earth.26. Which of the following is the main factor in categorizing galaxies?A. Shape. B. Size. C. Number of stars. D. Distance from the sun.27. Which of the following galaxies can be classifi

18、ed as irregular?A. Whale Galaxy similar to the Milky Way both in size and shape.B. Cygnus A (3C 405) Galaxy - the brightest egg shape we canobserve.C. Cigar Galaxy long and narrow galaxy that looks like an ashy cloud.D. Sunflower Galaxy galaxy with multiple arms radiating from its bright core.CThe S

19、ilk Road is arguably the most famous long-distance trade route of the ancient world. This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East, and allowed the exchange of goods, technology, and ideas between the two civilizations. Although merchants could make huge profits travelling the roa

20、d, it was not without risk.The main Silk Road started in Chang' aniknown today as Xi ' an)the early Han capital. Travelers commencing their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across China ' s northwestern provinces. After this, they would face the Gob

21、i Desert, arguably the greatest danger of the Silk Road.The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. This feature made it easier for traders to travel across, compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklamakan Desert. Like other deserts, the Gobi Desert i

22、s dry and hot, and therefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was obtaining enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink. These places also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst t

23、he travelers who stopped there. Usually, the rest stops were placed within a day' journey of each other. In this way, travelers could avoid spending too much time in the desert, which would make them targets for robbers, another danger of the Silk Road.Once through the Gobi Desert, travelers wou

24、ld continue their journey into Iran, Turkey, and finally Europe. Whilst this part of the journey may have been less dangerous, it is not entirely without its perils.28. The underlined word "it " in Orecfirap p refers toA. making huge profitsB. traveling the Silk RoadC. exchanging goods and

25、 ideasD. connecting different civilizations29. Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts?A. The desert susace was easier to walk on.B. Camels for transportation were easier to find.C. It was smaller and could be crossed in less time.D. There were more natural water sources available

26、.30. What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert?A. Travelers were offered free accommodation.B. They were located around the edges of the desert.C. Travelers staying there were often attacked by criminals.D. They were shared by travelers from different countries. 31. What is the passa

27、ge mainly about?A. The origins of the Silk Road.B. The benefits of the Silk Road.C. The difficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.D. The cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.DLet bsegin with the story : King Hiero contracts the ancient Greek polymath Archimedes （ 阿 基米德 ） to detect fraud in t

28、he manufacture of a golden crown. Archimedes accepts the challenge and, during a subsequent trip to the public baths, realizes that the more his body sinks into the water, the more water is displaced making the displaced water an exact measure of his volume. Realizing he has hit upon a method to det

29、ermine whether the Kin g csrown was made of gold or silver, the young Greek leaps out of the bath and rushes home naked cryingO“r, Eureka! Eureka! ”translated:“ I ve found it! I ve found it! ”Too bad, however, Archimedes probably never uttered the phrase in that way.First and foremost, Archimedes hi

30、mself never wrote about this episode, although he spent plenty of time detailing the laws of buoyancy （ 浮 力 ）. The oldest authority for the naked- Archimedes eureka story is Vitruvius, a Roman writer, who included the tale in his introduction to his ninth book of architecture. “ Vitruvius may have g

31、otten it wrong, ” says Chris Schmitt, a mathematician at the University of Berlin and a self-described Archimedes fan. “ Themethod attributed to Archimedes in the story works in theory so it sounds right, but when you actually try it, you find that the real world gets in the way.”In fact, Schmitt is

32、 one of a long line of scientists, including Galileo, who have read the account and thought, “ That can t be right. ” As Galileo wroteo,uAldrchhaimveeadcehsiecved a far more precise result using his own law of buoyancy and an accurate scale. In fact, the surface tension of water can make the volume

33、of a light object like a crown immeasurable.“ Theresome truth to it, ”Schmitt adds. “ Archimedes did measure the volume of things but the eureka moment was maybe due to his original discovery concerning buoyance, not to sitting in the bathtub and then running through the streets naked. ”Much like Ne

34、wton ' s apple, the exclamation persists becaUSheoenduring power of the story: a golden crown, a life in the balance, a naked mathematician. The suspect foundations of the eureka moment take nothing away from the word ' ability to uniquely and concisely convey the flash of inspiration.32. Ac

35、cording to the first paragraph, how would Archimedes measure the volume of the crown?A. He would weigh himself with and without the crown.B. He would weigh the crown first and then put it into water.C. He would go to the public baths wearing the crown on his head.D. He would sink the crown into wate

36、r and measure the water displaced.33. What did Galileo probably think of the naked-Archimedes eureka story?A. He believed the word “ eureka " was said isituaoorerB. He suspected Archimedes didn ' t run through theakteeetC. He doubted Archimedes carried out the experiment independently.D. He

37、 thought Archimedes would not have used the method described.34. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?A. The word“ eureka " is still widely usedy.B. The word“ eureka " is now a formal scieneirm.C. Most people accept the authenticity of the original story.

38、D. People are still inspired by the achievements of Archimedes.35. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce the famous scientist Archimedes.B. To examine the credibility of the eureka story.C. To explain how the word“ eurekcreatewasD. To urge people not to use the wordanyrmorska ”第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小

39、題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選 項(xiàng)。Leonardo da Vinci and NatureIn the modern world, art and science are two very separate activities, but in Leonardothey were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies36Mathematics included practical work like surveying land fo

40、r making maps as well as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky. An artist might need to measure the different parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct. 37Mathematics was also connecte

41、d to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers. 38 More than this, though, Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that a without them nothing can bedone.”n Nature has kindly giv

42、en us things everywhere to copy, wrote Leonardo. In all his activities, Leonardo was trying to discover the rules that control nature. In his search for those rules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details. Actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked fro

43、m facts to ideas. 39 His purpose was to examine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He also wanted to learn from the clever solutions of nature.40 His quick little sketches, often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape. More careful d

44、rawings would be done at a desk with a pen and ruler. In July 2001, a small drawing by Leonardo was sold for $12 million. It was the most expensive drawing in the world.A. Leonardo was always drawing.B. How could these be connected with art?C. Leonardo ' s ideas were vastly ahead of htime.D. Mat

45、hematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.E. Above all, Leonardo wanted to understand how and why things worked.F. You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting of The Last Supper.G. Leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing.第三部

46、分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分） 第一節(jié)（共 20小題；每小題 1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（ A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空 白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Throughout my life, I was never very athletic. I wasn41' ,t sporty ortoconflict.The only 42 I enjoyed were 43 things like watching TV and playing computer games. It was during my junior yea

47、r in high school that I realized I needed a 44 . My friends were joining the long distance running club and_45 me to do it also. At my school, there were no qualification 46 : every student was accepted.As everyone gathered around on the first day of practice, the 47 announced it was time for “warmu

48、p” .I imagined the warm-up would be a 48 jog around the 400-metre track. I soon 49 it was a 1-km run. After completing the run, I was 50! I wondered,a If th/aarm-upswhat ' s next? " 5Theorkout for the day was a 5-km run, which I mostly walked. When I came home, I really considered 52 . Howe

49、ver, I 53 myself to keep at it and try harder.Of course, there was no real improvement 54 . I always came in last during practice and the first few 55 . As days and weeks went on, I really tried my best. During practice, I would always keep at the 56 of the group; the fastest, more 57 runners were a

50、lways ahead, while the laziest were behind. As the result of my 58 , warm-up became a real warm-up. The 5km runs transformed into an 59 day of practice. And I was no longer last in anything we did. For a former couch potato, like me, this was a(n) 60 .41. A. rulesB. artsC. competitionD. schoolwork42

51、. A. proceduresB. activitiesC. lessonsD. programs43. A. endlessB. pointlessC. importantD. challenging44. A. changeB. restC. teamD. result45. A. accompaniedB. assistedC. requiredD. invited46. A. trialsB. alternativesC. opportunitiesD. reasons47. A. competitorB. coachC. reporterD. referee48. A. hardB.

52、 boringC. practicalD. casual49. A. decidedB. suspectedC. realizedD. agreed50. A. sent offB. taken awayC. turned downD. worn out51. A. realB. bestC. expectedD. fun52. A. complainingB. quittingC. cryingD. refreshing53. A. convincedB. taughtC. sentD. helped54. A. actuallyB. graduallyC. separatelyD. ins

53、tantly55. A. performancesB. presentationsC. racesD. steps56. A. middleB. topC. frontD. bottom57. A. popularB. confidentC. seriousD. relaxed58. A. inspirationB. determinationC. loyaltyD. contribution59. A. unimaginableB. avoidableC. easyD. optional60. A. exceptionB. exampleC. promotionD. success第二節(jié) (

54、共10小題；每小題 1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填寫(xiě) 1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The novel coronavirus, now officially named Covid-19, is a new 61 (ill) and scientists are still studying the best ways to control it. Defeating Covid-19,62, is not onlythe job of scientists and doctors. People have an important role to play in t

55、he battle. The best way to help prevent the virus 63 (spread) is by protecting yourself and staying healthy.Scientists are now sure that Covid-19 is passed between people through coughing and sneezing. The virus travels through the air and can be breathed in by people nearby. It may also land 64 sur

56、faces such as tables and chairs. If these surfaces 65 (touch), the virus may be on your hands. Touching your eyes or mouth with 66 (wash) hands can let the virus enter your body.67 (protect) yourself and others, wear a mask at all times when out in public. This stops healthy people from breathing in Covid-19 and 68 (reduce) the amount of the virus ill people send into