MBA閱讀推論題ppt課件

1、MBA 推論題1命題規(guī)律命題規(guī)律 l1)試題常會(huì)圍繞文章出試題常會(huì)圍繞文章出題。要求將篇首、篇尾、題。要求將篇首、篇尾、段落中主題句，概括歸段落中主題句，概括歸納并從中推斷出全文主納并從中推斷出全文主題。題。 l2)合性推論和判別題還合性推論和判別題還可圍繞文章假設(shè)干段落可圍繞文章假設(shè)干段落進(jìn)展，要求推論和判別進(jìn)展，要求推論和判別出段落間的關(guān)系。出段落間的關(guān)系。l3)支持主題思想的細(xì)節(jié)部分支持主題思想的細(xì)節(jié)部分常被考。這些細(xì)節(jié)部分表現(xiàn)常被考。這些細(xì)節(jié)部分表現(xiàn)方式多樣，可以是列舉、例方式多樣，可以是列舉、例證、實(shí)驗(yàn)人物結(jié)論等，要求證、實(shí)驗(yàn)人物結(jié)論等，要求考生對(duì)這部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)展判別考生對(duì)這部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)

2、展判別推理。推理。 l4)文章或段落開頭文章或段落開頭處，尤其是文章結(jié)處，尤其是文章結(jié)尾總結(jié)處常考尾總結(jié)處?？?)語義轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)處?？颊Z義轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)處?？糽留意：留意：l做題時(shí)不能想得太多，做題時(shí)不能想得太多，推的過遠(yuǎn)。能否能把推的過遠(yuǎn)。能否能把原文讀懂才是關(guān)鍵。原文讀懂才是關(guān)鍵。l1.Significance文字外表往往沒有明顯反映作文字外表往往沒有明顯反映作者的全部意圖，有些含義需求者的全部意圖，有些含義需求讀者從字里行間去領(lǐng)會(huì)，靠本讀者從字里行間去領(lǐng)會(huì)，靠本人的邏輯推理才干去判別，從人的邏輯推理才干去判別，從上下文的聯(lián)貫及文中有關(guān)部分上下文的聯(lián)貫及文中有關(guān)部分的暗示去明析作者隱含的意思。的暗示去明析

3、作者隱含的意思。這類問題的命題方式有l(wèi)(1)The writer implies but not directly states that_-.(2) It can be inferred from the passage that_.(3) The author strongly suggests that_ .(4) It can be concluded from the passage that_.(5) The passage is intended to_ .(6)The writer indicates that_ .2munication Techniques 文章中的每一句話

4、都有它的作用文章中的每一句話都有它的作用和目的，都是為作者的寫作而效和目的，都是為作者的寫作而效力的。有的是下層意思的鋪墊，力的。有的是下層意思的鋪墊，有的是上句話的結(jié)果，相互烘托，有的是上句話的結(jié)果，相互烘托，相互聯(lián)絡(luò)。閱讀中經(jīng)常就技巧性相互聯(lián)絡(luò)。閱讀中經(jīng)常就技巧性問題提問，測(cè)試讀者對(duì)文章能否問題提問，測(cè)試讀者對(duì)文章能否正確了解正確了解 這類題的命題方式有：l(1)The fact . . . is mentioned by the author to show _.(2)The author achieves his purpose by depending mainly upon(3)T

5、he writer talks about . . . in order to_ .(4) In discussing . .the author ._(5)The authors statement about . . . is a . . . for . . .l1 標(biāo)志：標(biāo)志：infer , imply, learn, inform.2 看可否經(jīng)過題干前看可否經(jīng)過題干前往原文，或根據(jù)選項(xiàng)前往原文。往原文，或根據(jù)選項(xiàng)前往原文。普通要圍繞文中的一兩個(gè)重點(diǎn)普通要圍繞文中的一兩個(gè)重點(diǎn)進(jìn)展推理。推理題無論經(jīng)過題進(jìn)展推理。推理題無論經(jīng)過題干能不能定位，我們都要把它干能不能定位，我們都要把它固化到文章

6、的一兩點(diǎn)上。固化到文章的一兩點(diǎn)上。l3 根據(jù)原文的意思進(jìn)展判別，先不要根據(jù)原文的意思進(jìn)展判別，先不要進(jìn)展推理。假設(shè)有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)跟原文意思進(jìn)展推理。假設(shè)有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)跟原文意思一模一樣，那么該項(xiàng)為正確答案。推理一模一樣，那么該項(xiàng)為正確答案。推理題不是調(diào)查我們的想象力，它實(shí)踐是調(diào)題不是調(diào)查我們的想象力，它實(shí)踐是調(diào)查我們?cè)闹械哪硯讉€(gè)點(diǎn)。如一個(gè)、兩查我們?cè)闹械哪硯讉€(gè)點(diǎn)。如一個(gè)、兩個(gè)點(diǎn)所涉及的問題我們讀透了沒有。因個(gè)點(diǎn)所涉及的問題我們讀透了沒有。因此，不推的比推的好；推的近的比推的此，不推的比推的好；推的近的比推的遠(yuǎn)的要好。遠(yuǎn)的要好。4 留意推理題最近答案原留意推理題最近答案原那么。直接推出的比間接推出的

7、好。那么。直接推出的比間接推出的好。2應(yīng)試技巧應(yīng)試技巧 1)假設(shè)要求對(duì)某段內(nèi)容進(jìn)展判別、假設(shè)要求對(duì)某段內(nèi)容進(jìn)展判別、推論、那么就只看題干要求做答推論、那么就只看題干要求做答的那一段。的那一段。lExchange a glance with someone，then look awayDo you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer，and you have made a different statementHold it for 3 seconds，and the meanin

8、g has changed againlQ：It can be inferred from the first paragraph that A every glance has its significanceB staring at a person is an expression of interestC a gaze longer than 3second is unacceptableD a glance conveys more meaning than words2)選項(xiàng)措詞過于絕對(duì)化的，普通選項(xiàng)措詞過于絕對(duì)化的，普通不是答案項(xiàng)。不是答案項(xiàng)。 lI recently visit

9、ed a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six yearsI talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time，and she remembers that when she first joined the community，there were fewer than a handful of minorities on

10、 campusNow，all of us feel the university is better because of the diversitylQ：It can be inferred form the passage that Ameritocracy can never be realized without diversityBAmerican political circles will not accept diversityCit is unlikely that diversity will occur in the USmediaDminorities can only

11、 enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity3)符合常理，意義深化，或符合普通常識(shí)的選項(xiàng)普通是答符合常理，意義深化，或符合普通常識(shí)的選項(xiàng)普通是答案項(xiàng)，而照抄原文或?qū)ξ闹凶髯置娼忉尩哪敲床皇谴鸢?。案?xiàng)，而照抄原文或?qū)ξ闹凶髯置娼忉尩哪敲床皇谴鸢浮?lFor all these reasons，no two people really read the same paper：what each person does is to put together，out of the pages of that days paper，

12、his own selection and sequence，his own newspaperFor all these reasons，reading newspaper efficiently，which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time，demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of readinglQ：It can be conc

13、luded from the passage that the newspaper readers lAapply reading techniques skillfullyBjump from one newspaper to anotherCappreciate the variety of newspaperDusually read a newspaper selectively5)邏輯推理題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：邏輯推理題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：l(1)不是在文章現(xiàn)實(shí)或上下文不是在文章現(xiàn)實(shí)或上下文(句句)邏輯根底上進(jìn)展推理而得出觀念邏輯根底上進(jìn)展推理而得出觀念l(2)直接直接,間接不分間接不分:文章中明確

14、表文章中明確表達(dá)當(dāng)成推理出來的達(dá)當(dāng)成推理出來的l4)弄清主題意思。在處置與全弄清主題意思。在處置與全文主旨有關(guān)的題時(shí)，或處置與文主旨有關(guān)的題時(shí)，或處置與文章首尾有關(guān)的推論題時(shí)，一文章首尾有關(guān)的推論題時(shí)，一定要放慢速度將各段，尤其是定要放慢速度將各段，尤其是全文首尾句意讀懂，再快速閱全文首尾句意讀懂，再快速閱讀其他部分。讀其他部分。l(3)雖然可以以文章提供的雖然可以以文章提供的現(xiàn)實(shí)或內(nèi)在邏輯為根底進(jìn)展現(xiàn)實(shí)或內(nèi)在邏輯為根底進(jìn)展推理，但推理過頭，概括過推理，但推理過頭，概括過度。度。正確答案的特征正確答案的特征:l與原文重合原詞不多與原文重合原詞不多,覺得與原文有些遠(yuǎn)覺得與原文有些遠(yuǎn),由由于是從原

15、文中推出來于是從原文中推出來的的. 要特別留意的是：進(jìn)展推理不能想當(dāng)然，不能僅僅以他的常識(shí)為根據(jù)，而必需以文章的信息為根據(jù)！ lOften people who hold higher position in a given group overestimate their performance, while people in the lowest levels of the group underestimate theirs. While this may not always be true, it does indicate that often the actual positi

16、on in the group has much to do with the feeling of personal confidence a person may have. Thus, members who hold higher positions in a group or feel that they have an important part to play in the group will probably have more confidence in their own performance.lQuestion:From this passage we know that _.A) If people have confidence in their own performance, they will achieve high position in a groupB) If we let