非謂語動(dòng)詞學(xué)案學(xué)生

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞學(xué)案（不定式1）目的：1. 復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成及在句子中的功能。 2. 熟練運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的各種形式。一 動(dòng)詞不定式 1. 動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成 (以make為例)語態(tài)形式主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式to maketo be made進(jìn)行式to be making/完成式to have madeto have been made 動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式只要把not放在to的前面。 動(dòng)詞不定式后可以有自己的賓語或被狀語修飾，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語。2. 動(dòng)詞不定式的功能英語的句子成分有七種，即：主語，謂語，賓語，定語，狀語，補(bǔ)足語，表語。動(dòng)詞不定式除去不能單獨(dú)作謂語以外，其他六種成分均

2、可充當(dāng)。_is _. (see,believe)(主語、表語)He decided _(study hard). (賓語)Will you attend the meeting_ tomorrow? (hold)(定語)Doctors advised him_(stop smoking) (賓語補(bǔ)足語)Bell is considered_ (invent) the telephone. (主語補(bǔ)足語)在感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞后作補(bǔ)足語的不定式，主動(dòng)語態(tài)中to省略。_考點(diǎn):1.不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)；2.不定式的功能：不定式的形容詞性功能、不定式的副詞性功能、不定式的名詞性功能；3.不定式的省略；4.

3、不定式的否定形式；_二 動(dòng)名詞 1. 動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成 (以make為例)語態(tài)形式主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式making being made完成式having madehaving been made 動(dòng)名詞的否定式只要把not放在動(dòng)名詞的前面。 動(dòng)名詞后可以有自己的賓語或被狀語修飾，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞短語。2. 動(dòng)名詞的功能：主語，賓語，定語，表語。 _ is _. 眼見為實(shí) (主語、表語) We should practice _.每日讀英語 (賓語) Theres a _ (swim) pool and two_(dine) halls in our schools. (定語)_(examine) e

4、very two years is a rule for every driver. (主語)3. 動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語：在通常情況下，動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。如：The prisoner escaped without _. (see)After _in the queue for hours, we got good seats. （stand） Im afraid of _ the baby. (wake) 在很多情況下，動(dòng)名詞所表示的是一個(gè)泛指的概念，沒有具體的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者。如：No parking here.Mastering a foreign language is no ea

5、sy job. Its no use crying over spilt milk. 動(dòng)名詞也可以有自己的邏輯主語，該邏輯主語以所有格的形式放在動(dòng)名詞的前面，則構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。位于句首作主語的動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中必須用所有格；位于句中的動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中也可以用賓格（普通格）；當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語是不定代詞或無生命的名詞時(shí)，只能用賓格 (普通格)，不能用所有格。如： _ here annoyed them. (smoke) _ made his father angry. (laugh) We were angry about _ being absent from the meeting. (

6、he) 4. 動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語是動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作承受者時(shí)，該動(dòng)名詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。只有及物動(dòng)詞或 “不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞” 構(gòu)成的動(dòng)名詞短語才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如： I dont like _ when Im reading. (disturb) The doctor insisted on the _ at once. (病人被動(dòng)手術(shù)) We congratulated him on _ to Nanjing University.(admit)5. 動(dòng)名詞的完成式：當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞用完成式。如： She regretted _the fil

7、m.(miss) The student was praised for _a boy.(save) I have forgotten _ to come early.(ask)6. 動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：在動(dòng)詞need, want, require, deserve和形容詞worth后面的動(dòng)名詞通常以主動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式出現(xiàn)，但表示的卻是被動(dòng)意義。 The old woman needs taking good care of. Your hair wants cutting. The naughty boy deserves beating. The film is worth seei

8、ng.（動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞專練）1. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _. A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed2. Did the book give the information you needed? Yes. But _ it, I had to read the entire book. A. to findB. findC. to be findingD. finding3. I feel grea

9、tly honored _ into their society. A. to welcomeB. welcomingC. to be welcomedD. welcomed4. It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and _ better ones of your own. A. introducesB. to introduceC. introducingD. introduced5. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tri

10、ed _alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. A. livingB. to liveC. to be livingD. having lived6. _ the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. A. CompletingB. CompleteC. CompletedD. To complete7. I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt mention _ when we talked on the ph

11、one. A. to promoteB. having been promotedC. having promotedD. to be promoted8. The message is very important, so it is supposed _ as soon as possible. A. to be sentB. to sendC. being sentD. sending9. - They are quiet, arent they?- Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals. A. to talkB. to no talkC. to tal

12、kingD. to not talking10. He told us whether a picnic was still under discussion.A. to have B. having C. have D. had11. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.A. breaking B. having brokenC. to breakD. To have broken12. We a

13、re invited to a party _ in our club next Friday. A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding 13. All of them try to use the power of the workstation _ information in a more effective way. A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present14. With the world changing fa

14、st, we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day. A. deal         B. dealt C. to deal      D. dealing 15. , you need to give all you have and try your best. A. Being a w

15、inner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner 16. - Its a long time since I saw my sister. - _ her this weekend? A. Why not visit B. why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why dont visit17. - The last one _ pays the meal. - Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving18.

16、At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close19. - Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?- Just a minute. Ill have Bob _ you to your room. A. show B. shows C. to show D.

17、 showing20. There is nothing more I can try _ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. A. being persuadedB. persuading C. to be persuadedD. to persuade21. You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm. A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking22. The children talked so loudly at dinner

18、table that I had to struggle _. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard23. Leonardo da Vinci _ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. A. is to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought 24. - Robert is indeed a

19、 wise man.- Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice! A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking25. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained26. As a result of the serious flood, two-t

20、hirds of the buildings in the area _. A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair27. The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept 28. Its necessary to be prepared for

21、a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having 29. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost 30. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside

22、 the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports star. A. had B. having C. to have D. have 31. If you think that treating a woman well means always _ her permission for things, think again. A. getsB. gotC. to getD. getting32. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas. A.

23、 in order to have receivedB. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving33. _ more about university courses, dial (920)746-3789. A. To find outB. Finding outC. Find outD. Having found out34. I really cant understand _ her like that. A. you treatB. you to treatC. why treatD.

24、you treating35. The company was the first _ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world. A. producingB. to produceC. having producedD. produced1-5 BACCA 6-10 DBADA 11-15 DADCB 16-20 ACCAD21-25 DABDD 26-30 ACDBC 31-35 DCADB高三英語學(xué)案（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）目的：1. 復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的構(gòu)成及在句子中的功能。 2. 熟練運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞

25、和過去分詞。一 現(xiàn)在分詞 1. 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成 (以make為例)語態(tài)形式主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式making being made完成式having madehaving been made 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式：not 放在V-ing的前面。 現(xiàn)在分詞的后面可以跟賓語或被狀語修飾，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在分詞短語。2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的功能：表語、定語、補(bǔ)足語、和狀語。 The news is exciting. (表語) Be quiet! Dont wake up the sleeping baby. (定語) I heard him singing a beautiful song when I passed

26、his room. (賓語補(bǔ)足語) If a student is caught cheating in the examination, he will be dismissed. (主語補(bǔ)足語) Not having received his answer, we decided to email him again. (狀語)3. 現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語：作表語和狀語時(shí)，邏輯主語就是句子的主語；作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，其邏輯主語就是它前面的賓語；作主語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語；作定語時(shí)，其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞或代詞。如： The book is_ (move) _ the good

27、news, we all sprang to our feet. (hear) We heard her _in the bedroom. (sing) She was heard _in the bedroom. (sing) Dont read in a _ bus. (move 4. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：邏輯主語是現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作承受者時(shí)，用分詞的被動(dòng)式。如： The house_now will be completed next week. (built) _ many times by his father, the boy ran away. (beat) Its my fi

28、rst time to hear this song _in Chinese. (sing) He asked me what was _ in the hall. (do)5. 現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式：現(xiàn)在分詞一般式所表示的動(dòng)作通常與謂語動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生；現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式所表示的動(dòng)作則在謂語動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。如： _ my homework, I met with a lot of difficult problems. (do) _to come early, they got up at five this morning. (ask)6. 現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：現(xiàn)在分詞的前面擁有自己的邏輯主語

29、，該邏輯主語用名詞或人稱代詞的主格形式。這種結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)于句子本身來說，具有相對(duì)的獨(dú)立性。它們往往用作狀語，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件或伴隨動(dòng)作等。 Spring _, the trees turn green. = When spring _ on, the trees turn green.(come on) All the guests _t, we had a short rest. = After all the guests _ left, we had a short rest.(leave)二、過去分詞 1. 過去分詞的構(gòu)成：過去分詞只有一般式，即在規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形后加-ed 構(gòu)成，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞

30、有其各自的變化形式。及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞具有被動(dòng)完成意義，不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞只有完成意義。 過去分詞的否定式：not 放在過去分詞的前面。 過去分詞的后面可以跟賓語或被狀語修飾，從而構(gòu)成過去分詞短語。2. 過去分詞的功能：表語、定語、補(bǔ)足語、和狀語。We felt _at the news. (shock) (表語)_ workers in our country are taken good care of. (retire) (定語)He often get his eyes _. (賓語補(bǔ)足語)(examine)A card was found_to my door, reading “

31、Contact 139×××××××× if you need gas.” (主語補(bǔ)足語) (pin)_ by his son, the old man got off the bus. (狀語) (support)3. 過去分詞的邏輯主語：作表語和狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語；作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，其邏輯主語就是它前面的賓語；作主語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語；作定語時(shí)，其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞或代詞。如： We were _at the news. (作表語，excite) _by the teache

32、rs, we have made a lot of progress in our studies. (作狀語，help) He tried his best to make himself _. (作賓語補(bǔ)足語，understand) The man was founded _. (作主語補(bǔ)足語，murder) The students wrote on the blackboard all the new words _learned in the last period. (作定語，learn)4. 過去分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：過去分詞的前面有自己的邏輯主語，該邏輯主語用名詞或人稱代詞的主格

33、形式。這種結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)于句子本身來說，具有相對(duì)的獨(dú)立性。它們往往用作狀語，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件或伴隨動(dòng)作等。The work finished, they had ten days leave. = After the work _ _, they . All things considered, it is better for Mary to take the position. = If all things _ _, it is better for Mary to take the position. The problems solved, we dismissed the meetin

34、g. = Because the problems _ _, we . 這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)還可以在邏輯主語前面用介詞with。如： She felt nervous, with so many eyes fixed on her. With her face buried in her arms, she sobbed her heart out._u 非謂語動(dòng)詞的做題步驟 1、判定是否用非謂語形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了謂語動(dòng)詞了。 2、找非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語。方法：非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語一般是句子的主語。 3、判斷主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。方法：非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語的主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 4、判斷時(shí)間關(guān)系。

35、方法：分析句子，看看非謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前、之后還是同時(shí)。之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同時(shí)常用doing。（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞專練）1. _ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A. To throwB. ThrownC. ThrowingD. Being thrown2. The trees _ in the storm have been moved off the road. A. being blown downB. b

36、lown downC. blowing downD. to blow down3. It is one of the funniest things _ on the Internet so far this year. A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. found4. _ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized5. _ i

37、n the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited6. We had an anxious couple of weeks _ for the results of the experiment. A. waitB. to be waitingC. waitedD. waiting7. _ around the Water Cubic, we were

38、 then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. A. Having shownB. To be shownC. Having been shownD. To show8. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can. A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak9. _ to reach them on the phone, we sent an emai

39、l instead. A. FailB. FailedC. To failD. Having failed10. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle _ to balance it. A. having triedB. tryingC. to tryD. tried11. Ideally _ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favorite with many guests. A. loca

40、tingB. being locatedC. having been locatedD. located12. _and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.A. To be tired B. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired13. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. _ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are

41、our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. A. AttendB. To attendC. AttendingD. Having attended14. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _ on his own farm. A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow15. Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog

42、. A. being tiredB. tiring C. tired D. to be tired 16. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future. A. living; wondering B. lived; wonderingC. lived; wondered D. living; wondered 17. _ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for

43、 the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded 18. _ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouraged B. EncouragingC. Encouraged D. Having encouraged19. When we visited my old family home, memory came _ back A. f

44、looding B. to flood C. flood. D. flooded 20. _ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grew into the international stars. A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given 21. The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education o

45、f their children. A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced 22. She set out soon after dark, _ home an hour later. A. arriving B. to arrive C. having arrived D. and arrives23. _ the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you. A. Our having read B. While reading C. If reading D. When you read24. _ it with me and Ill see what I can do. A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave25. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _ “Sorry to miss you；will