高一英語句式結(jié)構(gòu)分析課件

1、英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)并列句并列句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句* *幾個(gè)簡單句用分號或并列連詞連接起來構(gòu)成并列句幾個(gè)簡單句用分號或并列連詞連接起來構(gòu)成并列句; ;* *幾個(gè)簡單句可通過各種方式組合成含有主句和從句幾個(gè)簡單句可通過各種方式組合成含有主句和從句 的復(fù)合句。的復(fù)合句。SVSVPSVOSVOiOdSVOC簡單句的五種句型簡單句的五種句型1）SV 主語謂語主語謂語eg. The telephone rang. His father might have died.2) SVP 主語系表語主語系表語eg. The plan sounds perfect. Frank is

2、 an artist.3) SVO 主語謂語賓語主語謂語賓語eg. I saw a bird. My sister enjoyed the play.簡單句的五種句型簡單句的五種句型4）SVOiOd 主語謂語主語謂語+間接賓語直接賓語間接賓語直接賓語eg. The lady gave Jack a watch. My father bought me a bicycle.5) SVOC 主語謂語賓語補(bǔ)語主語謂語賓語補(bǔ)語eg. They called him a fool. She found the children fast asleep.* *在閱讀句子的時(shí)候，第一個(gè)任務(wù)就是要找到謂語在閱

3、讀句子的時(shí)候，第一個(gè)任務(wù)就是要找到謂語! !* *做謂語的動詞有時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和數(shù)的變化；還有做謂語的動詞有時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和數(shù)的變化；還有 及物動詞與不及物動詞的區(qū)別。及物動詞與不及物動詞的區(qū)別。 1. The soup tastes good.2. The boy is interested in playing PC games. 3. The boss made the workers work long hours.4. He practises playing the piano every day.5. They had finished the job when the boss cam

4、e.6. Record every word you hear.7. He didnt turn to me for help.* *在英語簡單句中，只能有而且（一般情況下）在英語簡單句中，只能有而且（一般情況下）必須有必須有個(gè)謂語部分！個(gè)謂語部分！ 1.表示狀態(tài)的連系動詞有表示狀態(tài)的連系動詞有: be ; appear ; seem ; keep ; remain ; continue ; stay ; prove 等等a . She appears very young . b. His temperature seems to be all right . c. The weather

5、continued fine . d. This proved very helpful . 2.表示感覺的連系動詞有表示感覺的連系動詞有: look ; feel ; smell ; sound ; taste 等等a. A paper tiger looks terrible , but in fact it is not . b. The medicine smells terrible . c. Ann felt very happy d. That sounds interesting . 3. 表示轉(zhuǎn)變的連系動詞有表示轉(zhuǎn)變的連系動詞有:become ; fall ; get ; g

6、o ; grow ; turn 等等a. Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful . b. Soon they fell asleep . c. The trees turn green and the flowers start to come out.句子成分的構(gòu)成句子成分的構(gòu)成句子的主干成分：句子的主干成分：主語、謂語、賓語、表語主語、謂語、賓語、表語句子的次要成分：句子的次要成分：定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語、插入語、同位語插入語、同位語句子成分的構(gòu)成句子成分的構(gòu)成 1. 名詞；名詞；2. 代詞；代詞； 3. 數(shù)詞；數(shù)詞；4. 動名

7、詞；動名詞；5. 不定式；不定式； 6. 詞組或復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；詞組或復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；7. 從句從句；8. 名詞化的其他詞類。名詞化的其他詞類。eg: A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. Who is speaking, please? This is Jack speaking. Two will be enough. Smoking is very dangerous. To see is to believe. Whether well go depends on the weather. “A” is an article

8、.一、主語一、主語1. 名詞；名詞；2. 代詞；代詞；3. 數(shù)詞；數(shù)詞；4. 形容詞；形容詞； 5. 分詞；分詞；6. 動名詞；動名詞；7. 不定式；不定式；8. 副詞；副詞；9. 介詞短語；介詞短語； 10. 詞組；詞組；11. 從句從句。如：。如： The masses are the real heroes. Thats something we have always to keep in mind. She was the first to learn about it. Time is pressing. Lets hurry up. All I could do was send

9、ing him a telegram. We must be off now. My idea is that we should stick to our original plan. 1. 名詞；名詞；2. 代詞；代詞；3. 數(shù)詞；數(shù)詞；4. 動名詞；動名詞；5. 不定式；不定式； 6. 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；7. 從句；從句；8. 名詞化的形容詞及其他詞類，名詞化的形容詞及其他詞類，如：如： He gave me a beautiful vase.He hates you. (代詞代詞)How many do you need? We need two. (數(shù)詞數(shù)詞)We should h

10、elp the old and the poor.I enjoy working with you. (動名詞動名詞)I hope to see you again. (不定式不定式)Did you write down what he said? (賓語從句賓語從句) 1. 形容詞；形容詞；2. 代詞；代詞；3. 數(shù)詞；數(shù)詞；4. 名詞或名詞所有格；名詞或名詞所有格； 5. 分詞；分詞； 6. 不定式；不定式；7. 介詞短語；介詞短語；8. 副詞；副詞；9. 詞組或合詞組或合成詞；成詞；10. 從句（即定語從句）。從句（即定語從句）。如：如： His words moved everyone

11、 present. We belong to the third world. This is indeed a most pressing problem. There are two things to be discussed today. He is a man of good temper. I saw a bird which was eating a worm in the tree. 用來修飾用來修飾v., adj., adv., or 句子。句子。 表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步I will g

12、o there tomorrow.The meeting will be held in the meeting room.The meat went bad because of the hot weather.He studies hard to learn English well.He didnt study hard so that he failed in the exam.I like some of you very much.If you study hard, you will pass the exam.He goes to school by bike.Though h

13、e is young, he can do it well.找出下面句子中的非謂語動詞，并指出是作什么句子成分找出下面句子中的非謂語動詞，并指出是作什么句子成分 1.To know him is to like him. 2. Mr. Brown has a large family to keep. 3. He stood up to see better.4. They have started using computers in the library. 5. Her job is taking care of the wounded. 6. I watched them playin

14、g chess. 7. The computer needs repairing . 8. There is an old man wanting to see you. 9. I heard them quarrelling in the room . 10. Do you like teaching English? eg:eg: 1) 1) As is reported, a trade agreement was signed and a cultural exchange was arranged. 2) Not only is he himself interested in th

15、e subject but all his students are beginning to show an interest in it.3）Dr. Fisher neither loves the environment, nor is he accustomed to the weather. * * 幾個(gè)簡單句可通過各種方式組合成含有主句和幾個(gè)簡單句可通過各種方式組合成含有主句和 從句的從句的復(fù)合句復(fù)合句。構(gòu)成構(gòu)成從屬從屬關(guān)系的復(fù)雜句包括關(guān)系的復(fù)雜句包括 名詞性分句名詞性分句( (可以作主語、賓語、同位語、可以作主語、賓語、同位語、 主語補(bǔ)語）、定語分句、狀語分句。主語補(bǔ)語）、定語分

16、句、狀語分句。實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用II. Choose the best answers：1. _ some of this juiceperhaps youll like it. (00春季春季 ) A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用 I2. He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further information. (00上海上海) A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I3. _ late in the morning, Bob turned of

17、f the alarm. (01春招春招) A. Sleep B. Sleeping C. To sleep D. Having slept實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I4. _ at the door before entering, please. (01春招春招) A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock 實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I5. _ blood if you can and many lives will be saved. (01上海）上海） A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I6. The ma

18、nager, _ his factorys products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training. (03春招）春招） A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being known 實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I7. It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. (03上海上海) A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. in

19、terested; be interesting D. interesting; interest 實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I8. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. (04上海上海) A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing 實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I9. The flowers _ sweet in the

20、 botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.(04上海上海) A. to smell B. smelling C. smell D. to be smelt實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I10. English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it? -Yes, _ more words and expressions and youll find it easier to read and communicate. (04上海上海) A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. K

21、nown 實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用I11. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes. (04廣西廣西) A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用IIII. Correct the mistakes in the sentences. (Each sentence has only one mistake.)1. My parents l

22、ove me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. (01全國全國)to2. He said he was busy. That is, a game of tennis making him very busy. (02北京北京)made實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用II3. Remembering not to shout at them. (02北京北京)Remember4. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the moun

23、tain. (02全國全國)when5. I was so tired that I felt asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (02全國全國) 實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用II6. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese. (03全國全國)7. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (03全國全國)it8. Clever as she is, but she works very hard.

24、 (04福建福建)實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用II9. I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and give lessons to lovely boys and girls. (04湖北湖北)and girls. giving lessons to lovely boys11. I know there is not easy to be a teacher. (04湖北湖北)it10. At weekends, we would play basket ball, swimming in the pool or go for a p

25、icnic. (04天津天津)swim英語長句的分析英語長句的分析一、長句的特點(diǎn)一、長句的特點(diǎn)： (1) 修飾語多；修飾語多； (2) 并列成分多；并列成分多； (3) 語言結(jié)構(gòu)層次多。語言結(jié)構(gòu)層次多。eg. The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. 二、理解長句時(shí)可采用以下步驟二、理解長句時(shí)可采

26、用以下步驟： (1) 找出全句的找出全句的主語主語、謂語謂語和和賓語賓語，( (復(fù)合句則復(fù)合句則 找出主句的主、謂、賓）從整體上把握句子找出主句的主、謂、賓）從整體上把握句子 的結(jié)構(gòu)。的結(jié)構(gòu)。 The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. The study made clear that the w

27、orking class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. 主句：主句：The study made that clear.(2) 找出句中所有的非謂語動詞、介詞短語和找出句中所有的非謂語動詞、介詞短語和 從句的引導(dǎo)詞。從句的引導(dǎo)詞。The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented

28、in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. (3) 分析從句和短語的分析從句和短語的功能功能，例如，是否為主語，例如，是否為主語 從句，賓語從句，表語從句等；從句，賓語從句，表語從句等； 若是狀語，它是表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、若是狀語，它是表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、 還是表示條件等等。還是表示條件等等。The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented i

29、n crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. (4) 分析詞、短語和從句之間的分析詞、短語和從句之間的相互關(guān)系相互關(guān)系，例如，例如， 定語從句所修飾的先行詞是哪一個(gè)等。定語從句所修飾的先行詞是哪一個(gè)等。 The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people

30、 living in the lower-class areas of large cities. The working class consists of lower-class peopleThe working class is so over-represented in crime statistics.Lower-class people are living in the lower-classareas of large cities.(5) 注意插入語等其他成分。注意插入語等其他成分。 (6) 注意分析句子中是否有固定詞組或固定搭配。注意分析句子中是否有固定詞組或固定搭配。

31、 實(shí)際應(yīng)用實(shí)際應(yīng)用IIIReading comprehension:1. The three largest islands, Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney, have long been known for the fine breeds(品種品種) of cattle that are raised on them and named after them. (00春招春招)Q: Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney breeds of cattle are _. A. considered best in England B. named after their birthplaces C. brought to the islands by Germans D. raised on well-known farms by the French 2. Instead, they get yearly rings, which can also be counted, giving information about the fishs age, just like the growth rings of a tree. (00春招春招)Q: Why does the