反義疑問(wèn)句 (3)

1、  反意疑問(wèn)句 一 反意疑問(wèn)句表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)所陳述的事情有所懷疑或不肯定，想通過(guò)對(duì)方的回答來(lái)加以肯定或否定。 反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成有兩種。第一種結(jié)構(gòu)是：肯定的陳述句逗號(hào)一般問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略否定問(wèn)號(hào)，對(duì)于反意疑問(wèn)句的肯定或否定回答與一般疑問(wèn)句的回答方式一樣。 You can help him，cant you?你們能幫助他，是不是? Yes，we can.是的，我們能幫他。 He lives in the next room，doesnt he?他住在隔壁的房間里，是不是? No，he doesnt.不，他不住在隔壁的房間里。 第二種結(jié)構(gòu)是：否定的陳述句逗號(hào)一般疑問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略肯定問(wèn)號(hào)。對(duì)于這種形式的

2、反意疑問(wèn)句作回答的時(shí)候.不要過(guò)分注重問(wèn)句中的否定詞not在前還是在后，只要事實(shí)是肯定的，就用Yes，如果事實(shí)是否定的，就用No。 Your sister isnt coming back today，is she?你姐姐今天不會(huì)回來(lái)，是嗎?No，she isnt.是的，她今天不會(huì)回來(lái)?！咎貏e提示】 當(dāng)陳述句為否定式時(shí),肯定回答yes應(yīng)譯為"不",否定回答no應(yīng)譯為"是"。 You can't speak English, can you?Yes, I can. 不對(duì),我會(huì)(講英語(yǔ))。No, I can't. 對(duì),我不會(huì)(講英語(yǔ))。 二 反

3、義疑問(wèn)句需要注意的情況和句型： 1.當(dāng)陳述句部分中含有 no, none , never, nothing 等否定詞或 few, little, hardly,seldom等半否定詞（具有否定意義的詞）時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分常用肯定形式。Few people knew the news, did they?Tom has never been to England, has he? 但陳述句中如果帶有否定意義的前綴和后綴的單詞時(shí)，整個(gè)句子仍視為肯定句，反意疑問(wèn)部分多用否定形式。如： She is unhappy, isnt she?2當(dāng)陳述部分是there be 存在句型時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)也用ther

4、e。There is a book on the desk, isn't there?3.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是表示物的不定代詞everything, anything, nothing等，附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用it；當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是：等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody, somebody合成代詞時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)非正式文體中往往用they。Everything begins to grow in spring,doesnt it?Everyone is here today , arent they?4、當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是不定式、動(dòng)名

5、詞、從句、this或that，附加疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用it。（是those, these則用they）This is beautiful flower, isnt it?These are his book, arent they?5感嘆句的附加疑問(wèn)句，其謂語(yǔ)要求用否定句。 What beautiful colors, arent they?6.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是I 時(shí)，完成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)仍用I 。尤其陳述部分是I am -,反問(wèn)時(shí)動(dòng)詞用arent I ? eg: I am a teacher, arent I ?7祈使句后面的附加疑問(wèn)句問(wèn)題A) 祈使句是否定形式，附加疑問(wèn)句只能用will you。B) 祈使句

6、是肯定形式，附加疑問(wèn)句用肯定、否定均可。C) Let開頭的祈使句要注意：(1) .Lets 在意義上包含談話的對(duì)方在內(nèi)，表示提出建議或征求對(duì)方意見，以Lets 開頭的陳述句完成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用shall we ?eg: Lets go there on foot, shall we?(2). Let us 在意義上一般不包含談話的對(duì)方在內(nèi)，表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許做某事的含義，let 有allow的意思。以Let us 開頭的陳述句或其它祈使句完成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用will you ?Let us have a look at the photo, will you?（3）Let me 開頭表示請(qǐng)求，附加疑

7、問(wèn)句用will you，或用may I。8（1）陳述部分中有have一詞，且表示“所有”含義時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句部分既可用have也可用do。（2）陳述部分中有have to，附加疑問(wèn)句部分用do。He has a car, hasnt he?/doesnt he?The young man have to do the work,doesnt he?9.陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ)。例如：He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 他

8、以前常在那兒拍照，是嗎？10帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分常用 need （dare ） +主語(yǔ)。例如：We need not do it again, need we ? 我們不必重做一遍，是嗎？He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢這樣說(shuō)，是嗎？當(dāng)dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用助動(dòng)詞do + 主語(yǔ)。例如：She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢獨(dú)自回家，是嗎？11 陳述部分有must，且表示“必須”時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句部分用mustnt，如果表示“必要”則用neednt。

9、陳述部分中是mustnt表示“禁止”時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句部分用must。陳述部分中的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推測(cè)意義時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句部分而是根據(jù)陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或其助動(dòng)詞來(lái)定。He must be a doctor, isn't he? 他肯定是醫(yī)生，是嗎？You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you? 你一定讀過(guò)三年英語(yǔ)，對(duì)嗎？He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 他肯定是在昨天完成任務(wù)的，是嗎？12當(dāng)陳

10、述部分是一個(gè)（帶that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的）主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句的主謂要和主句的主謂保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。但是，當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱（I、we）： I(dont) suppose/think/ believe/imagine/expect等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)要和從句的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)保持一致關(guān)系; 而且要注意到否定的轉(zhuǎn)移問(wèn)題,附加疑問(wèn)句部分是肯定形式還是否定形式則要與I(dont)suppose/think/believe/imagine/expect相反I think she will like the present,wont she?I dont think he is intere

11、sted in the film, is he ?三. 五個(gè)必須1. 時(shí)態(tài)必須一致.即陳述句和簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句必須同一時(shí)態(tài)。 He is a boy, isn't he?(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))2. 人稱必須一致.即陳述句和簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句必須同一人稱。 May is a girl, isn't she?(第三人稱單數(shù))3. 形式必須一致.即陳述句和簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句的形式應(yīng)為:"前肯定、后否定"或"前否定、后肯定"。 She is thin, isn't she? (前肯定,后否定)You don't have a bike, do you? (前否定,后

12、肯定)4. 簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)必須用人稱代詞。Wu Dong is tall, isn't he?(人稱代詞)The students like English, don't they? (人稱代詞)【特別提示】在There be句型中,疑問(wèn)句部分用be (not) there形式,不能用be (not) it (they)形式。 There is a book on the desk, isn't there?5. 否定形式的簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句,not必須與be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等縮寫,不能分開寫。 We are boys, aren't we?(不能寫成 are no

13、t)She sings well, doesn't she?(不能寫成does not)He can draw, can't he?(不能寫成can not)反意疑問(wèn)句技巧一、如何巧解反意疑問(wèn)句第一招：前肯后否；前否后肯；系、助、情態(tài)、代詞緊跟。 一般情況下，反意疑問(wèn)句的前后兩部分，其肯定和否定一定要前后相反。 疑問(wèn)部分一般為系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后跟前面陳述部分主語(yǔ)的代詞形式。如：Tom was away yesterday, wasnt he 湯姆昨天沒來(lái)，是不是？第二招：先斷“定”，后找“動(dòng)”，再換“代”。巧解反意疑問(wèn)句的切入點(diǎn)是首先判斷該用肯定還

14、是否定，然后觀察前面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，若含有系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞就直接使用，若為動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、過(guò)去式，則用do does did；最后根據(jù)前面的主語(yǔ)確定代詞形式。且看例句分解：The students all went to Beijing last week,          ？A前肯定，后面當(dāng)然為否定式；B 動(dòng)詞為went,后面用didC前面主語(yǔ)是the students, 后面代詞當(dāng)然用they?？梢姡捍鸢笧閐idnt they。典型例題1Jack hasn't paid for the

15、school things， has he?   _. His father will pay for him. AYes，he hasBNo，he hasn'tCYes，he didDNo，he didn't2The lady couldn't say a word when she saw the snake， _? Acould the ladyBcouldn't the lady Ccould sheDcouldn't she（2004·湘潭）3I haven't seen yo

16、u for weeks. How are you getting on with your English?   _， thanks. AVery wellBThat's OKCI'm all rightDToo bad4I'm going on a trip to London after the exam.   Really? _! AHave a nice timeBCongratulations CIt's nice of youDOK（2004·四川資陽(yáng)）5We have

17、learned_ 10 English songs this term. Aat allBat onceCat timesDat least 反意疑問(wèn)句49題1.Lend me your bike, _? 2.Lets have a walk, _?3.Let us do it by ourselves, _? 4.Im a teacher, _?5.She never said she would go there, _?6.His brother hasnt any books, _?7.Wed better have a word with him, _?8.Youd

18、 like some tea, _?9.I dont think they can finish the work, _?10.Nobody called on me, _?11.Somebody is waiting for you, _?12.There wont be any trouble, _?13.Nothing can stop us now, _?14.Everything is all right, _?15.She has few good reasons for staying, _?16.He seldom goes home, _?17.You used to get

19、 up early, _?18.She doesnt dare to ask me, _?19.There used to be a church behind the cemetery, _?20.We had to take the first train, _?21.My brother often has colds, _?22.I must answer the letter, _?23.We ought to read this book, _?24.You must have stayed at home last night, _?25.Somethingll have to

20、be done about the price, _?26.They must be hungry, _?27.I suppose you know the meaning of the word, _?28.Weve saved nothing this year, _?29.Dont forget to phone me, _?30.Let me go, _?31.Go to the cinema now, _?32.What beautiful weather, _?33.You must have studied English for many years, _?34.you dar

21、e do it, _?35.We may go to the cinema, _?36.You dare do it, _?37.You did do your homework yesterday, _?38.We mustnt be late, _?39.Everyones having a good time, _?40.They dont need to go there, _?41.This is a lovely garden, _?42.I dont believe she knows it, _?43.He failed in the exam, _?44.She is unh

22、appy, _?45.John said nobody was fit for the job, _?46.Youd rather I didnt say anything, _?47.You couldnt lend me a novel, _?48.He hardly knew about it, _?49.There is nothing wrong with your radio, _?  答案與簡(jiǎn)析    1B  本題考查了反意疑問(wèn)句的回答。反意疑問(wèn)句要根據(jù)客觀事實(shí)去作答。據(jù)本題空后的信息“他父親將要替他付款”，說(shuō)明他還沒有付錢，即事

23、實(shí)為否定的，應(yīng)用No回答，這樣排除A、C選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，與問(wèn)句的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不符，注意答句的翻譯為“是的，他沒有付”。    2C  本題考查了反意疑問(wèn)句的表達(dá)。該句前半部分否定，那么反意問(wèn)句就應(yīng)是肯定，這樣排除掉B和D；主語(yǔ)the lady應(yīng)該用she代替。    3A  本題考查“get on with”這一短語(yǔ)。問(wèn)句意為“你的英語(yǔ)進(jìn)展如何？”，回答應(yīng)為“Very well”。表示“很好”。    4A  本題是考查交際用語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意“考試后我將要去倫敦旅行。”應(yīng)該回答“祝你玩得愉快”，選項(xiàng)A即為此意。B表示祝賀，C意為“你太好了！”，D表示“好吧”。    5D  本題