科技英語翻譯技巧與實踐

1、EST TRANSLATION by Charmaine YanLead-in Not boring as it seems Macro: enhance international communication in S&T learn advanced S&T from developed countries boost Chinese economy Micro: career as a translator researchers in S&T text reading in TEM-8 graduation thesis broaden horizon as t

2、o be another Professor 都敏俊xi (encyclooaedia) Requirements preview before class dictation of scientific terminology/week comprehensive dictation/unit extended reading after class homework on timedemandingAssessment 30% + 70% attendance class performance final exam assignmentsRecommended Books 1. 科技英語

3、科技英語-中國學(xué)生專業(yè)英語應(yīng)用指南，中國學(xué)生專業(yè)英語應(yīng)用指南，肯肯陳（陳（Ken Chen）、許忠能，清華大學(xué)出版）、許忠能，清華大學(xué)出版社，社，2009年年8月。月。 2. 科技英語閱讀與翻譯，劉金龍、谷青松，國科技英語閱讀與翻譯，劉金龍、谷青松，國防工業(yè)出版社，防工業(yè)出版社，2013年年3月。月。 3. 科技英語詞語用法詞典，盧思源，上海外語科技英語詞語用法詞典，盧思源，上海外語教育出版社，教育出版社，2004年年12月。月。 Unit One: Science Lecture: Features of English for Science and Technology (EST)Tea

4、ching Objectives: digest the features of EST concept of pure sciece & applied science systematic branches of science promises and problems of modern science broaden horizon in S&T and arouse interestOutline . EST . Features of EST 2.1 vocabulary 2.2 grammar 2.3 style . Text : Pure and Applie

5、d Science . Extended reading: Branches of Science . EST Categories: natural science & social science writing style (genre): academic treatise/ paper/ lab report/specification of patented product. Features of EST 2.1 vocabulary：scientific terminologye.g. Some of the most common methods of inputti

6、ng information are to use magnetic tape, disks, and terminals. The computers input device (which might be a key-board, a tape drive or disk drive, depending on the medium used in inputting information)reads the information into the computer. For outputting information, two common devices used are a

7、printer which prints the new information on paper, or a CRT display screen which shows the results on a TV-like screen. Features of EST 2.1 vocabulary：scientific terminologymagnetic tape 磁帶磁帶disks 磁盤磁盤terminals 終端終端input device 輸入裝置輸入裝置medium 媒體媒體key-board 鍵盤鍵盤tape drive 磁帶機disk drive 磁盤驅(qū)動器printer 打

8、印機打印機CRT display screen 陰極射線管顯示屏陰極射線管顯示屏PS：CRT（Cathode Ray Tube） cathode: 陰極陰極 anode: 陽極陽極 . Features of EST 2.2 grammar nominalized structure tense: timeless present generally passive voice commonly long and compound-complex sentences logical connectives. Features of EST 2.2 grammar nominalized str

9、ucture:abstract noun & infinite verb(非限定動詞非限定動詞/非謂語動詞：分詞、不定式、非謂語動詞：分詞、不定式、動名詞動名詞)e.g. Some of the most common methods of inputting information are to use magnetic tape, disks, and terminals. Some of the most common methods that input information are to . . Features of EST 2.2 grammar nominalized

10、 structure: abstract noun & infinite verb (非限定動非限定動詞詞/非謂語動詞：分詞、不定式、動名詞非謂語動詞：分詞、不定式、動名詞)e.g. Archimedes first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies. Archimedes first discovered the principle that water is displaced by solid bodies.Give me a fulcrum, and I shall move th

11、e world. Features of EST 2.2 grammar tense: timeless present generallyexceptions: past tense & present perfect tense科技發(fā)展史、科技報告、科技發(fā)展史、科技報告、科技報刊雜志（關(guān)于科學(xué)和科學(xué)家的新聞報科技報刊雜志（關(guān)于科學(xué)和科學(xué)家的新聞報道）道）. Features of EST 2.2 grammar passive voice commonly (objective)first object(客體客體)， then subject(主體主體)Note：E-C 注意語態(tài)的

12、轉(zhuǎn)換和主體的增補。注意語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換和主體的增補。e.g. Computers are thought to have many remarkable powers.人們認(rèn)為人們認(rèn)為計算機有許多神奇的功能。. Features of EST 2.2 grammar infinite verb：past participle/infinitive/gerunde.g. The program, or part of it, which tells the computers what to do and the data, which provides the information needed

13、to solve the problem, are kept inside the computer in a place called memory.PS: memory card (內(nèi)存卡內(nèi)存卡). Features of EST 2.2 grammar long and compound-complex sentences邏輯清晰嚴(yán)密，邏輯清晰嚴(yán)密， 結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。多個簡單句多個簡單句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句e.g. 10 (page 4). Features of EST 2.2 grammar logical connectivese.g. 11 (Page 5)wor

14、ds:circuitarithmetic operationsubtraction/multiplication/divisionexponentiation. Features of EST 2.3 style表達(dá)簡潔凝練，陳述客觀，邏輯連貫表達(dá)簡潔凝練，陳述客觀，邏輯連貫e.g.12 (page 16)words:electron microscope 電子顯微鏡light/optical microscope 光學(xué)顯微鏡illumination system 聚光系統(tǒng)high-voltage 高壓的 potential 電位，電勢a condenser lens 聚光鏡 magnetic

15、 lenses 磁透鏡an objective lens 物鏡 projector lenses 投影鏡beam 電子束 specimen 樣品 magnification 放大 （magnificent）eyepiece 目鏡 project to 投射到（projector) lens 透鏡 phosphor-coated 表層涂磷的 Excercises Quiz: Page 6 (1-6) EST & Literary language-Page7 1. EST 2. Literary language 3. EST 4. Literary language . Text :

16、Pure and Applied ScienceOrganisation of the text: Para 1: raise a question Para 2: pure science Para 3: applied science Para 4: interrelationship/correlation Para 5: conclusion. Text : Pure and Applied ScienceMetal-fatigue: 金屬疲勞金屬疲勞是指一種在交變應(yīng)力作用下，金是指一種在交變應(yīng)力作用下，金屬材料發(fā)生破壞的現(xiàn)象。機械零件在交變屬材料發(fā)生破壞的現(xiàn)象。機械零件在交變壓力作用

17、下，經(jīng)過一段時間后，在局部高壓力作用下，經(jīng)過一段時間后，在局部高應(yīng)力區(qū)形成微小裂紋，再由微小裂紋逐漸應(yīng)力區(qū)形成微小裂紋，再由微小裂紋逐漸擴展以致斷裂。疲勞破壞具有在時間上的擴展以致斷裂。疲勞破壞具有在時間上的突發(fā)性，在位置上的局部性及對環(huán)境和缺突發(fā)性，在位置上的局部性及對環(huán)境和缺陷的敏感性等特點，故疲勞破壞常不易被陷的敏感性等特點，故疲勞破壞常不易被及時發(fā)現(xiàn)且易于造成事故。及時發(fā)現(xiàn)且易于造成事故。. Extended reading: Branches of ScienceSciencephysical Searth Slife Sphysics/chemistry/astronomygeol

18、ogypaleontologyoceanographymeteorologybiology:botanyzoologygeneticsmedicinemechanics/optics/thermodynamics/acoustics/electricity/magnetism/atomic and nuclear physics . Extended reading: Branches of ScienceMathematics（language of science） interdisciplinary branch of science:astrophysics/biophysics/biochemistry/geochemistry/geop