FMEA失效模式和效果分析培訓(xùn)教材(共64頁).ppt

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3、 Give a general introduction to FMEA principles . Provide a step-by-step guidance in performing FMEA 為實(shí)施為實(shí)施FMEA提供指導(dǎo)提供指導(dǎo).The objective of this Chapter is to本章節(jié)的目的是本章節(jié)的目的是FMEAFMEA4FMEA : A procedure in which each potential failure mode in every sub-item of an item is analyzed to determine its effect o

4、n other sub-items and on the required function of the item. FMEA是一個過程，在這個過程中對每個分項(xiàng)目的潛在失是一個過程，在這個過程中對每個分項(xiàng)目的潛在失效模式進(jìn)行分析，確定失效模式對于其他分項(xiàng)目和主項(xiàng)目效模式進(jìn)行分析，確定失效模式對于其他分項(xiàng)目和主項(xiàng)目的功能的影響的功能的影響Taken from “The Certified Quality Engineer Handbook” ASQ5FMEA : FMEA is a structured analysis to anticipate the. FMEA 是結(jié)構(gòu)化的分析方法。用它

5、在設(shè)計或過程的失效模是結(jié)構(gòu)化的分析方法。用它在設(shè)計或過程的失效模式發(fā)生之前就預(yù)見潛在的失效式發(fā)生之前就預(yù)見潛在的失效. 然后全面分析失效的各方然后全面分析失效的各方面并識別最有效的預(yù)防措施面并識別最有效的預(yù)防措施.6FMEA 是用來及的系統(tǒng)化方法。這方法可以幫助提高工程師預(yù)知問題的能力， ，7q Identify and evaluate the potential failure modes of a product/process and the effects of that failure識別和評估一個產(chǎn)品或過程的潛在失效模式及其影響；識別和評估一個產(chǎn)品或過程的潛在失效模式及其影響；2

6、. List down the actions which could eliminate or reduce the chance of the potential failure occurring確定能排除或減少潛在失效發(fā)生的機(jī)率的措施；確定能排除或減少潛在失效發(fā)生的機(jī)率的措施；3. Document all the elements for review and action文件化整個過程。文件化整個過程。An FMEA can be described as a systematic group of activities intended to :FMEA 是一系列系統(tǒng)化的活動，其

7、目的是是一系列系統(tǒng)化的活動，其目的是 ：8FMEA begins with a definition of all the functions a process is supposed to perform. FMEA開始于一個過程開始于一個過程所有功能的定義所有功能的定義ManufacturingEngineer制造工程師制造工程師SupplierQuality供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量Design Engineer設(shè)計工程師設(shè)計工程師ProgramManagement程序管理程序管理Production產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)品ReliabilityEngineer可靠性工程師可靠性工程師9Teamwork團(tuán)隊

8、力量團(tuán)隊力量 FMEA must be performed by a team in order to ensure its effectivenessFMEA須由小組進(jìn)行須由小組進(jìn)行,以確保其有效以確保其有效10To identify To identify critical characteristics and significant characteristics11To rank potential design and process deficiencies評估潛在的設(shè)計和工序不足評估潛在的設(shè)計和工序不足Reduce the product development cycle-t

9、ime and hence cost減少產(chǎn)品開發(fā)時間和成本減少產(chǎn)品開發(fā)時間和成本To focus on eliminating and preventing product and process problems12By late 80s, FMEA is used by automotive manufacturers and their suppliers to reduce the liability cost.到到8080年代末，汽車工業(yè)和他們年代末，汽車工業(yè)和他們的供貨商也開始實(shí)施的供貨商也開始實(shí)施FMEAFMEA，藉，藉此減低責(zé)任成本此減低責(zé)任成本Developed in ear

10、ly 60s by NASA to “fail-proof” Apollo missions.6060年代初，由美國年代初，由美國太空空署在阿波羅太空空署在阿波羅任務(wù)中發(fā)展起來的。任務(wù)中發(fā)展起來的。Adopted in early 70s by US Navy to develop MIL-STD-1629 .7070年代初，被美年代初，被美國海軍采用。國海軍采用。13SYSTEM系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)FMEASystem FMEA is used to analyze systems and subsystems in the early conceptual design stages. SFMEA是用

11、來在早期構(gòu)思設(shè)計階段分析系統(tǒng)與子系統(tǒng)是用來在早期構(gòu)思設(shè)計階段分析系統(tǒng)與子系統(tǒng)DESIGN設(shè)計設(shè)計FMEADesign FMEA is used to analyze products before they are released to productionDFMEA是用來在生產(chǎn)發(fā)布前分析產(chǎn)品。是用來在生產(chǎn)發(fā)布前分析產(chǎn)品。PROCESS過程過程FMEAProcess FMEA is used to analyze manufacturing, assembly and administrative processesPFMEA用來分析制造、裝配和管理過程用來分析制造、裝配和管理過程1415

12、SYSTEM 系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)DESIGN 設(shè)計設(shè)計PROCESS過程過程START開始開始After system functions are defined, before specific hardware is selected當(dāng)系統(tǒng)功能定義后，在特殊硬件選定前。After product functions and design concepts are defined but before the design is completed當(dāng)產(chǎn)品功能和設(shè)計概念定義后，在設(shè)計完成前When preliminary drawings are available but before tooling

13、 design is completed當(dāng)初始圖紙已應(yīng)用，但在工裝設(shè)計完成前END結(jié)束結(jié)束When the project is turned over to design當(dāng)項(xiàng)目轉(zhuǎn)化成設(shè)計時When final drawings are released當(dāng)最終圖紙發(fā)布前。When the product reaches end of life or is removed from production當(dāng)該產(chǎn)品壽命終止或不再生產(chǎn)16PROCESS FMEAplao mNACTIONo bpr i TfN dPRIORITYplao mN17產(chǎn)品：:FMEA 編號：過程過程FMEA過程/操作；第

14、頁共 頁計劃編制參考：:日期：編制：城市過程描述潛在失效模式S潛在失效的起因O現(xiàn)行控制D RPN優(yōu)先措施責(zé)任人和完成日期采取的措施措施結(jié)果措施結(jié)果潛在失效后果功能SOD RPN探測度頻度數(shù)嚴(yán)重度RPN = S x O x D糾正措施18q It is the manner in which the process could fail to perform its intended function. 潛在失效模式是過程可能發(fā)生的不滿足潛在失效模式是過程可能發(fā)生的不滿足其原有功能的形式其原有功能的形式q The failure mode of a particular process step

15、 could be a cause to a subsequent step or an effect of the failure in a previous operation. 某一工序的失效模式可能是后續(xù)操作某一工序的失效模式可能是后續(xù)操作（下道工序）的起因，或前期操作（前（下道工序）的起因，或前期操作（前道工序）相關(guān)的潛在失效的后果。道工序）相關(guān)的潛在失效的后果。 19PREVIOUSOPERATION前道工序NEXTOPERATION下道工序EFFECT后果后果FAILURE MODE失效模式失效模式CAUSE原因原因20Process FMEA considers process

16、 variability due to:5M+E過程過程FMEA考慮是由于如下原因造成的過程變異性考慮是由于如下原因造成的過程變異性: 5M+EMACHINE機(jī)器機(jī)器ENVIRONMENT環(huán)境環(huán)境MEASUREMENT測量測量MAN人員人員METHOD方法方法MATERIAL物料物料21q Current Process Controls are descriptions of the controls that現(xiàn)行控制是對以下控制的描述現(xiàn)行控制是對以下控制的描述 either prevent to the extent possible the failure mode from occur

17、ring 盡可能的防止失效模式的發(fā)生盡可能的防止失效模式的發(fā)生or detect the failure mode should it occur或當(dāng)失效模式發(fā)生時能夠查覺它或當(dāng)失效模式發(fā)生時能夠查覺它22q Assessment of the ability to detect the failure before move to the next process or shipped to the customer. 在產(chǎn)品制移交下道工序前在產(chǎn)品制移交下道工序前或交付給客戶前，對查覺或交付給客戶前，對查覺失效能力的評估失效能力的評估23q Capability of all control

18、s in the process to prevent escapes過程中預(yù)防壞品流出的所有控制能力過程中預(yù)防壞品流出的所有控制能力Testing檢測檢測SPC統(tǒng)計過程控制統(tǒng)計過程控制Gauge R&R量化重復(fù)性和再現(xiàn)性量化重復(fù)性和再現(xiàn)性Process Capability Study過程能力分析過程能力分析Sample Inspection抽樣檢驗(yàn)抽樣檢驗(yàn)Process Audit過程審核過程審核24q Scores are assigned to the following 3 categories: 對以下對以下3類進(jìn)行評分：類進(jìn)行評分：SEVERITY (S)嚴(yán)重度嚴(yán)重度Th

19、e seriousness of the potential failure mode to the customer. The customer includes local system, next level and end user. Severity applies to the effect only. 潛在失效模式對客戶的嚴(yán)重度。這里所指的客戶包括系統(tǒng)，潛在失效模式對客戶的嚴(yán)重度。這里所指的客戶包括系統(tǒng)，下個工序和最終用戶。嚴(yán)重度只適用于結(jié)果下個工序和最終用戶。嚴(yán)重度只適用于結(jié)果OCCURRENCE (O)發(fā)生頻率發(fā)生頻率How frequent a specific cause

20、 will occur and result in a specific failure mode. The occurrence ranking number has a meaning rather than a value. 造成某種失效模式的某個原因多長時間發(fā)生一次。發(fā)生頻率造成某種失效模式的某個原因多長時間發(fā)生一次。發(fā)生頻率的重點(diǎn)并不在于它的得分，而是它的意義的重點(diǎn)并不在于它的得分，而是它的意義DETECTION (D)可探測度可探測度Probability of the current / proposed control mechanism to detect and ident

21、ify the failure mode是指當(dāng)前或?qū)⒁脕硖綔y或鑒別失效模式的控是指當(dāng)前或?qū)⒁脕硖綔y或鑒別失效模式的控制設(shè)備能多探測出失效模式的制設(shè)備能多探測出失效模式的 概率概率25 RPN = O x S x D/ EWhere: 其中其中 O - Occurrence x發(fā)生頻率發(fā)生頻率 S - Severity x 嚴(yán)重性嚴(yán)重性 D- Detection 可探測性可探測性 or E Effectiveness有效性有效性26A 8 4 5 160B 4 8 5 160SAME RESULT!相同的結(jié)果相同的結(jié)果Failure Mode失效失效模式模式S嚴(yán)重度嚴(yán)重度O發(fā)生頻度發(fā)生頻度D

22、/E有效性有效性RPN風(fēng)險優(yōu)風(fēng)險優(yōu)先指數(shù)先指數(shù)27ABCDOver 200100-19926-991-25PRIORITY 優(yōu)先級別優(yōu)先級別RPN RANGERPN范圍范圍This is for reference only僅供參考僅供參考28There is a change from previous version 同以前相比有變化的同以前相比有變化的Process control is highly operator dependent 過程控制主要依賴于操作員過程控制主要依賴于操作員New technology introduced 包含新技術(shù)包含新技術(shù) 變異較多的變異較多的Ther

23、e is a chronically problem長期存在問題的長期存在問題的FMEA is best applied for the following design or processes . . .FMEA 最適合應(yīng)用于以下設(shè)計或過程最適合應(yīng)用于以下設(shè)計或過程29n FMEA input is the process flowchart FMEA的輸入是的輸入是 流程圖。流程圖。Input 輸入輸入Process Flowchart流程圖流程圖Process 過程過程FMEAOutput 輸出輸出High Priority Failure Modes &Causes of F

24、ailure高優(yōu)先級失效模式及失效原因高優(yōu)先級失效模式及失效原因n FMEA is an analytical process. FMEA是一個分是一個分 析的過程。析的過程。n FMEA output is prioritized key process input variables. FMEA的輸出是一的輸出是一 個有優(yōu)先級的失個有優(yōu)先級的失 效模式和失效原因。效模式和失效原因。301. Fill in the header information 填寫標(biāo)題信息填寫標(biāo)題信息SIX SIG M A - Failure M ode & Effects A nalysis (FM EA

25、 )Process D escription:FM EA N um ber:B lacN B elt:Page:ofTeam M em bers:Prepared by:FM EA D ate:R evision D ate:ProcessStep R eTuirem entsPotentialFailureM odePotentialEffect(s)of Failure SeverityPotentialC ause(s)/M echanism (s)of Failure OccurrenceC urrentProcessC ontrols Detection RPNR ecom m en

26、dedA ction(s)R esponsibility& TargetC om pletion D ateA ctionsTaNen Sev Occ Det RPNA ction R esults(1). Describe the process 流程描述 (2). Number the FMEA 編號(3). Identify the BB/GB 確定人選 (4). Identify page numbers 確定頁數(shù)(5). List team members 列出小組成員 (6). Name the prepared填表人(7). Enter the FMEA date 輸入F

27、MEA日期 (8). Enter the revision date 輸入改版日期( 1 )( 3 )( 5 )( 2 )( 4 )( 6 )( 7 )( 8 )312. Write down the process steps. 填寫流程步驟填寫流程步驟Add all value added process steps from the process map to the FMEA form.把所有增值流程步驟填入FMEA表格Start開始End結(jié)束Step 2AStep 2BStep 2CStep 1Application of Wax inside doorGood?Rework返工Y

28、esNoApplication ofwax insidedoorProcess stepRequirements32q Write down the functions for each process stepq對每個流程步驟，列出功能對每個流程步驟，列出功能Functions are statements of what the process step should accomplish. It can also be specifications if possible.功能可以是規(guī)格（如果可行），功能可以是規(guī)格（如果可行），或者是流程步驟所要完成工作的描述或者是流程步驟所要完成工作的

29、描述Application ofwax inside doorTo coverinner door atminimumthicknessProcess stepRequirements334.1. Write down the potential failure mode for each function. 對每個功能，列出潛在失對每個功能，列出潛在失 效模式效模式Application ofwax inside doorTo coverinner door atminimumthicknessInsufficientwaxcoverageProcess stepRequirementsPo

30、tentialFailureMode34Key points about Step 4.1 : 步驟步驟4.1中的重點(diǎn)中的重點(diǎn):Failure modes are statements of deficiency of functions.失效模式是對功能的負(fù)面描述失效模式是對功能的負(fù)面描述Failure modes are not causes. 失效模式不是原因失效模式不是原因.Do not discuss the causes. Leave the causes to step 4.4不要在此階段討論原因，在步驟不要在此階段討論原因，在步驟4.4中才討論原因中才討論原因4.1. Writ

31、e down the potential failure mode for each function. 對每個功能，列出潛在失對每個功能，列出潛在失 效模式效模式354.2. For each failure mode, list the effect of failure 對每個失效模對每個失效模 式，列出失效的式，列出失效的 后果后果Application ofwax inside doorTo coverinner door atminimumthicknessInsufficientwaxcoverageDeteriorated life ofdoorProcess stepRequ

32、irementsPotentialFailureModePotentialEffect(s) offailure36Key points about Step 4.2 :步驟步驟4.2中的重點(diǎn)中的重點(diǎn) List only “worst case” effects of failure. 只列出最壞的失效后果只列出最壞的失效后果 Describe what actually happens when the failure mode occurs, rather than using general statement like “Part Failed” or “Rejected by Cus

33、tomer” 抓住失效模式發(fā)生時實(shí)際的情形，避免概抓住失效模式發(fā)生時實(shí)際的情形，避免概括性描述，如括性描述，如“部件不合格部件不合格”或或“客戶投訴客戶投訴”。 The more specific is the description in this column, the easier will be the later steps (estimating severity & listing causes). 通過本節(jié)的具體描述，使后面的步驟（估通過本節(jié)的具體描述，使后面的步驟（估計嚴(yán)重性和找出原因）變的容易。計嚴(yán)重性和找出原因）變的容易。4.2. For each failure

34、 mode, list the effect of failure 對每個失效模對每個失效模 式，列出失效的式，列出失效的 后果后果374.3. Write down the severity for each effect of failure 對每個失效的后對每個失效的后 果，評估嚴(yán)重性果，評估嚴(yán)重性Application ofwax inside doorTo coverinner door atminimumthicknessInsufficientwaxcoverageDeteriorated life ofdoor7Process stepRequirementsPotential

35、FailureModePotentialEffect(s) offailureSeverity38EFFECTCRITERIA: SEVERITY OF EFFECTRANKINGHazardous - without warningMay endanger machine or assembly operator. Very high severity ranking when a potential failure mode affects safe vehicle operation and/or involves noncompliance with government regula

36、tion. Failure will occur without warning.10Hazardous - with warningMay endanger machine or assembly operator. Very high severity ranking when a potential failure mode affects safe vehicle operation and/or involves noncompliance with government regulation. Failure will occur with warning.9Very HighMa

37、jor disruption to production line. 100% of product may have to be scrapped. Vehicle/item inoperable, loss of primary function. Customer very dissatisfied.8HighMinor disruption to production line. Product may have to be sorted and a portion (less than 100%) scrapped. Vehicle operable, but at a reduce

38、d level of performance. Customer dissatisfied.7ModerateMinor disruption to production line. A portion (less than 100%) of the product may have to be scrapped (no sorting). Vehicle/item operable, but some Comfort/Convenience item(s) inoperable. Customers experience discomfort.6LowMinor disruption to

39、production line. 100% of the product may have to be reworked. Vehicle/item operable, but some Comfort/Convenience item(s) operable at reduced level of performance. Customer experiences some dissatisfaction.5Very LowMinor disruption to production line. The product may have to be sorted and a portion

40、(less than 100%) reworked. Fit & Finish/Squeak & Rattle item does not conform. Defect noticed by most customers.4MinorMinor disruption to production line. The product may have to be sorted and a portion (less than 100%) reworked. Fit & Finish/Squeak & Rattle item does not conform. De

41、fect noticed by average customers.3Very MinorMinor disruption to production line. The product may have to be sorted and a portion (less than 100%) reworked. Fit & Finish/Squeak & Rattle item does not conform. Defect noticed by discriminating customers.2LowNo effect.1Note: AIAG is the Automot

42、ive Industry Action Group, which currently compiles the FMEA standards for the North American Auto Industry.備注：備注：AIAG是汽車工是汽車工業(yè)行動集團(tuán)縮寫，為業(yè)行動集團(tuán)縮寫，為目前美國汽車工業(yè)目前美國汽車工業(yè)FMEA編寫者編寫者39Key points about Step 4.3 :步驟步驟4.3的重點(diǎn)：的重點(diǎn)： Some users adopt a 1 to 5 system.有些用戶采用有些用戶采用1-5分的系統(tǒng)分的系統(tǒng) Whatever guidelines are used

43、無論使用那種指南無論使用那種指南 Keep a copy with your FMEA. 保存保存FMEA的附件的附件 Always make the highest number most severe, the lowest least severe. 始終讓最高嚴(yán)重性為最高分，始終讓最高嚴(yán)重性為最高分，最低最低 嚴(yán)重性為最低分嚴(yán)重性為最低分404.4. Write down the causes for each failure mode對每個失效模對每個失效模式，列出原因式，列出原因Application ofwax inside doorTo coverinner door atmi

44、nimumthicknessInsufficientwaxcoverageDeteriorated life ofdoor7 Manuallyinserted sprayhead notinserted farenoughSpray headscloggedSpray timeinsufficientPotentialCause(s)/Mechanism(s)of FailureProcess stepRequirementsPotentialFailureModePotentialEffect(s) offailureSeverity41Key points about Step 4.4 :

45、 步驟步驟4.4的重點(diǎn)的重點(diǎn) Use Cause and Effect Diagrams to do a thorough investigation of causes for tough failure modes.對主要失效模式用因果圖作一次對主要失效模式用因果圖作一次徹底的原因分析徹底的原因分析 Sometimes hypothesis testing can be useful in demonstrating whether a cause is strong. 有時假設(shè)檢驗(yàn)?zāi)苡兄谧C明一個原有時假設(shè)檢驗(yàn)?zāi)苡兄谧C明一個原因是否強(qiáng)弱因是否強(qiáng)弱4.4. Write down the

46、causes for each failure mode. 對每個失效模式，列出原因?qū)γ總€失效模式，列出原因 Verify the importance of causes to reduce the list of causes.通過驗(yàn)證列出原因的重要性，防通過驗(yàn)證列出原因的重要性，防止有太多的原因止有太多的原因 If the causes are already known to everyone, you may not come to the real root cause.如果你列出那些是大家都知道的如果你列出那些是大家都知道的原因，你可能仍未找到根本原因原因，你可能仍未找到根本原因

47、424.5 Assess the likelihood of occurrence. 評估發(fā)生頻率評估發(fā)生頻率Application ofwax inside doorTo coverinner door atminimumthicknessInsufficientwaxcoverageDeteriorated life ofdoor7 Manuallyinserted sprayhead notinserted farenough8Spray headsclogged5Spray timeinsufficient8PotentialCause(s)/Mechanism(s)of Failur

48、eOccurrenceProcess stepRequirementsPotentialFailureModePotentialEffect(s) offailureSeverity43 Note: AIAG is the Automotive Industry Action Group, which currently compiles the FMEA standards for the North American Auto Industry.備注：備注：AIAG是汽車工是汽車工業(yè)行動集團(tuán)的縮寫，目業(yè)行動集團(tuán)的縮寫，目前北美汽車工業(yè)前北美汽車工業(yè)FMEA標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編寫者標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編寫者Possibl

49、eFailureProbability of FailureRatesCpkRankingVery High: 1 in 2 0.339High: Generally associated with pro-1 in 8 0.518cesses similar to previous processes that have often failed1 in 20 0.677Moderate: Generally associated with1 in 80 0.836processes similar to previous pro-cesses which have experienced1

50、 in 400 1.005occasional failures, but not in major proportions1 in 2,000 1.174Low: Isolated failures associated with similar processes1 in 15,000 1.333Very Low: Only isolated failures associated with almost identical processes1 in 150,000 1.502Remote: Failure is unlikely. No failures ever associated

51、 with almost 1.671identical processes44Key points about Step 4.5 :步驟步驟4.5的重點(diǎn)的重點(diǎn) Some users adopt a 1 to 5 system.有些用戶采用有些用戶采用1-5分的系統(tǒng)分的系統(tǒng) Whatever guidelines are used無論使用那種指南無論使用那種指南vKeep a copy with your FMEA. 保存保存FMEA的附件的附件vAlways make the highest number most frequent, the lowest least frequent. 始終

52、讓最頻繁者為最高分，始終讓最頻繁者為最高分，最不頻繁者為最低分最不頻繁者為最低分4.5 Assess the likelihood of occurrence for each cause of failure. 對每個失效原因評估對每個失效原因評估發(fā)生頻率發(fā)生頻率454.6. Write down list the current process controls for each cause of failure. 對每個失敗的原對每個失敗的原 因，列出現(xiàn)有流因，列出現(xiàn)有流 程的控制程的控制Application ofwax inside doorTo coverinner door at

53、minimumthicknessInsufficientwaxcoverageDeteriorated life ofdoor7 Manuallyinserted sprayhead notinserted farenough8Visual checkeach hour-1/shift forfilm thicknessand coverageSpray headsclogged5 Test spraypartern atstart-upand afteridle periodSpray timeinsufficient8 Operatorinstructionand lotsamplingP

54、otentialCause(s)/Mechanism(s)of FailureOccurrenceCurrentProcessControlsProcess stepRequirementsPotentialFailureModePotentialEffect(s) offailureSeverity46Key points about Step 4.6 :步驟步驟4.6的重點(diǎn)的重點(diǎn) Write down the actual controls, not the “Wannabe” controls. 確保列出實(shí)際控制方法確保列出實(shí)際控制方法,不要列不要列“最理最理想想”的控制的控制 Be b

55、rutally honest, if there is no control, just say it. 要坦白誠實(shí)，如果沒有控制要說出來要坦白誠實(shí)，如果沒有控制要說出來 Normally, there is no control for the cause of the failure mode; but there is a control to detect the failure mode itself. 一般情況是，對失效模式的原因沒有一般情況是，對失效模式的原因沒有控制，但對探測失效模式本身有控制控制，但對探測失效模式本身有控制4.6. Write down the current

56、 process controls for each cause of failure. 對每個失敗的原對每個失敗的原 因，列出現(xiàn)有過因，列出現(xiàn)有過 程的控制程的控制47q In an injection molding process, injection pressure of over 8000 pieze (kilo-pascals) leads to a smaller dimension. At a later stage, this makes assembly difficult. 有一個模具注塑工序，注塑壓力超過有一個模具注塑工序，注塑壓力超過8000皮茲（皮茲（1000帕斯

57、卡）導(dǎo)致尺寸偏差，帕斯卡）導(dǎo)致尺寸偏差，在后面階段，裝配變的很困難在后面階段，裝配變的很困難q A process control on the cause (injection pressure) might be a sensor on the hydraulic circuit.對這個原因（注塑壓力）的過程控制可對這個原因（注塑壓力）的過程控制可能是一個壓感應(yīng)器能是一個壓感應(yīng)器48q A process control on the failure mode (smaller dimension) might be an inspection on the dimension. 對這種失

58、效模式（尺寸偏差）的流程控制可能是對每對這種失效模式（尺寸偏差）的流程控制可能是對每個部件的尺寸進(jìn)行檢查個部件的尺寸進(jìn)行檢查494.7. Estimate the detection for each process control. 對每個過程控對每個過程控制，估計可測制，估計可測性性Application ofwax inside doorTo coverinner door atminimumthicknessInsufficientwaxcoverageDeteriorated life ofdoor7 Manuallyinserted sprayhead notinserted fa

59、renough8Visual checkeach hour-1/shift forfilm thicknessand coverage5Spray headsclogged5 Test spraypartern atstart-upand afteridle period3Spray timeinsufficient8 Operatorinstructionand lotsampling7PotentialCause(s)/Mechanism(s)of FailureOccurrenceCurrentProcessControlsProcess stepRequirementsPotentia

60、lFailureModePotentialEffect(s) offailureSeverityDetection50Note: AIAG is the Automotive Industry Action Group, which currently compiles the FMEA standards for the North American Auto Industry. 備注：備注：AIAG是汽車工業(yè)行動是汽車工業(yè)行動集團(tuán)的縮寫，目前北美汽車集團(tuán)的縮寫，目前北美汽車工業(yè)工業(yè)FMEA標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編寫者標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編寫者Criteria: Likelihood the Existence of a Defect will be Detected by Process Controls B