新概念第二冊直接引語和間接引語知識點總結(jié)

1、直接引語和間接引語一、概念直接引語是直接引述別人的話。前后要加引號。間接引語是用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語從句，且不用引號。She says, “Ill never forget the moment.” 她說：“我將永遠不會忘記此刻?！?直接引語)She says that shell never forget the moment. 她說她將永遠不會忘記此刻。(間接引語)二、直接引語如何變?yōu)殚g接引語直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語從句或復(fù)合賓語。(一) 句式的變化1. 直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要變?yōu)橛眠B詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(that在口語中常省略)

2、He said, “I want to be an actor.” He said (that) he wanted to be an actor.The doctor said, “You should drink plenty of water.” The doctor told me that I should drink plenty of water.2. 直接引語如果是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要改為陳述句語序(主語在謂語前)1) 直接引語如果是一般疑問句或反義疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要變?yōu)閣hether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句?！癈an you swim?” he asked me.

3、He asked me if/ whether I could swim.He said to me, “You are interested in computer games, arent you? ” He asked me if/whether I was interested in computer games.2) 直接引語如果是特殊疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，連接詞要用直接引語中的疑問詞?！癢hat can I do for you?” he asked me. He asked me what he could do for me.3. 直接引語如果是祈使句，通常變成tell/ a

4、sk/ order sb. (not) to do sth. 的結(jié)構(gòu)?！癙lease open the window,” the teacher said to me. The teacher asked me to open the window.(二) 人稱的變化把直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要根據(jù)意思改變?nèi)朔Q。通常遵循“一隨主，二隨賓，三不變”的原則?！耙恢鳌笔侵钢苯右Z中的第一人稱代詞在間接引語中應(yīng)與引述部分主句的主語一致的人稱一致?！岸e”是指直接引語中的第二人稱代詞在間接引語中應(yīng)與引述部分的賓語人稱一致?！叭蛔儭笔侵钢苯右Z中的第三人稱在間接引語中保持不變。例：He said, “I

5、 like it very much.” He said that he liked it very much.“Can you sing in English?” he asked me. He asked me if I could sing in English.He said, “She will come late.” He said that she would come late.She said, “Im full.” She said that she was full(三) 時態(tài)的變化主句為現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r態(tài)，間接引語的時態(tài)一般不變；主句為過去時態(tài)時，間接引語一般作相應(yīng)的變化。

6、變化見下表：直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時但凡事都有例外，下列情況直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，其時態(tài)不變：1. 當直接引語表示客觀事實或普遍真理時，變?yōu)殚g接引語，時態(tài)不變。The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.2. 當直接引語中有具體的一般過去時間作狀語時，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。She said, “I was born in 1

7、990.” She said that she was born in 1990.(四) 指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化直接引語變間接引語時，指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和某些動詞通常要作相 應(yīng)的變化。變化如下表：直接引語間接引語指示代詞thisthesethatthose時間狀語nowtodaythis afternoon( week, month)yesterdaythree days(months, years) agolast week (month, year)tomorrownext week(month, year)thenthat daythat afternoon(

8、week, month)the day before three days (months, years) beforethe week (month, year) beforethe next/following daythe next week (month, year)地點狀語herethere動詞comegoe.g. He said, “Im listening to music now” He said that he was listening to music then1. (2009陜西) Can you tell me _ your parents at home? I often wash clothes and sweep the floor. A. how will you help B. how you help C. how you will help D. how do you help2. (2009廣東)Our tea