初中英語(yǔ)筆記(精華版)

1、 .wd.初中英語(yǔ)筆記大全初中英語(yǔ)筆記大全精華版精華版This is the key t to othe door .這是開(kāi)門的鑰匙。call sb. = phone sb. = ring sb. upplease give me a call .請(qǐng)打 給我family 指家庭時(shí)是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“is，family 指家人時(shí)是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“are。of 表示無(wú)生命物體的所有格，s 表示有生命物體的所有格。有生命物體的所有格也可以用 of，但有生命物體后要加“s。以副詞 there 或 here 開(kāi)頭的句子常要倒裝，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。Whats your name, please? = Could

2、 you tell me your name, please? = May I have your name, please?Nice to meet you. = Glad to meet you. = Pleased to meet you.寫啟示的方法：1.啟示的主題；2.描述細(xì)節(jié)；3.留下聯(lián)系方式。表示驚訝、憂傷、微怒、失望等，可以用 dear 作感慨詞。名詞如果有數(shù)量詞修飾它，使用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞適應(yīng)看他的數(shù)量詞，如：get to somewhere (get home 除外)到達(dá)肯定：Let+賓語(yǔ)人稱代詞的賓格或名詞+ V 原型+否認(rèn)：Dont let +賓語(yǔ)+V 原型+/Let + 賓語(yǔ)

3、 + not + V 原型+have 表示“有時(shí)才可以用來(lái)提問(wèn)或?qū)懗煞裾J(rèn)“havent。be 動(dòng)詞look 看sound 聽(tīng)smell 聞taste 嘗聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞fell 觸+ adj.作表語(yǔ)反身代詞：myself我自己 yourself你自己 himself他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 ourselves我們自己 yourselves你們自己 themselves他們自己How much + be + 商品？答：Its/Theyre = What is the price of？答：It scent 美分 One dollar =100 centsother(兩者中

4、的另一個(gè)) another三者中的另一個(gè)越接近物品本身性質(zhì)的形容詞越靠近物品，如：big blue hat幫助某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth.help sb. with sth.with the help (n.) of sb. e.g. He studies math well, with the help of teacher.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的一般形式：主語(yǔ)+will+動(dòng)詞原形+Can I help you? = What can I do for you? = (Is there) anything I can do for you?a.受歡送的v.歡送welcomen.

5、歡送get a warm welcome 得到熱烈歡送be 動(dòng)詞不加動(dòng)詞原形“hundred，thousand與基數(shù)詞一起表示具體數(shù)字時(shí)不加“s。hundreds of 上百 thousands of 上千buy sth. for sb. = buy sb.間接賓語(yǔ) sth.直接賓語(yǔ)為某人買某物any body 在肯定句中表示任何人，在否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句中不是。 .wd.for 表示動(dòng)詞的對(duì)象或承受者，表示用途，表示目的，表示等價(jià)交換或標(biāo)注價(jià)格，表示時(shí)間持續(xù)多久，表示距離，表示理由或原因。each 強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者或兩者以上的每一個(gè)，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體every 強(qiáng)調(diào)三者或三者以上的每一個(gè)，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體+第三人稱單數(shù)T

6、here are many trees on each side of the roadThere are many trees on both sides of the roadthe price is low(high) 價(jià)格低高also放在 be 動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前either放在句末(疑問(wèn)句、否認(rèn)句)也too放在句末(肯定句)on a cold morning 在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨when？答不用具體時(shí)間what time？答要用具體時(shí)間contest和智力或知識(shí)有關(guān)的競(jìng)賽game比賽match有方案預(yù)先安排好的比賽持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的節(jié)日一般用“festival.a ki

7、nd of一種many kind of許多種all kinds of各種各樣kind of 有幾分如：The elephants are kind of cute.含有 think 的賓語(yǔ)從句中如果從句中有否認(rèn)，要否認(rèn)前移，如：She doesnt think they are boring.(她認(rèn)為他們不無(wú)聊)問(wèn)：How are you？答：Im fine. (我很好。)/Just so so.(一般般。)表示時(shí)間、價(jià)格、距離的名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Two dollars is enough(足夠)。怎么判斷雙音節(jié)單詞中第一個(gè)音節(jié)是開(kāi)音節(jié)還是閉音節(jié)：雙音節(jié)單詞中的兩個(gè)元音是兩個(gè)音節(jié)

8、的中心，元音是由元音字母或元音字母組合發(fā)出的音，因此，首先找到單詞中的兩個(gè)元音字母或元音字母組合，兩個(gè)中心就清楚了。兩個(gè)中心之間的輔音字母不是字母組合那么分別劃歸兩個(gè)音節(jié)，第一個(gè)音節(jié)即為閉音節(jié)，如果兩個(gè)中心之間的輔音字母為雙寫字母包括“r ，分別劃歸前后，第一個(gè)音節(jié)按閉音節(jié)讀音。如：paper /peip/ (pa 為開(kāi)音節(jié)) member /memb/ (mem 為閉音節(jié)) happy /hpi/ (hap 為閉音節(jié)) sorry /sri/ (sor 為閉音節(jié)) certainly /s:tnil/I am sorry. I cant go with you. 對(duì)不起。我不能和你一起去。

9、Thanks. / Thank you. / Thank you very much. / Thank a lot. / Many thanks.You are welcome. / Thats OK. / Thats all right.Its my pleasure. / With pleasure. 這是我的榮幸。 make friend with sb. 和交朋友Thanks for + n. / v.ing = Thanks sb. for + n. / v.ingbelow 在下方非正下方反義詞：above 在上面非正上方，沒(méi)有接觸面under 在下面正下方反義詞：on有接觸面 ，

10、over沒(méi)有接觸面在上面正上方keep + sth. + adj. 使某物保持某狀態(tài)。keep + adj. 保持某狀態(tài)。表示請(qǐng)求、建議、希望得到對(duì)方肯定答復(fù)的疑問(wèn)句用“some。問(wèn)：Let答：OK. / All right. / Thats a good idea. / That sounds good. / Sorry. .wd.sport 用來(lái)修飾名詞要變?yōu)?sports。play + the + 樂(lè)器 Erhu 除外be 動(dòng)詞后叫表語(yǔ)，修飾名詞叫定語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞叫狀語(yǔ)，前后兩詞對(duì)等叫同位語(yǔ)。人民幣和日元變復(fù)數(shù)不變，其他要。be good with sb. = get on well wi

11、th sb. 與某人相處的很好問(wèn)：How often does Rick run on weekend?答：Rick usually runs on weekend.always(總是)usually(通常)often經(jīng)常sometime有時(shí)seldom很少never從不頻度副詞放在 be 動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)意動(dòng)詞或行為動(dòng)詞之前。感慨句：What + (a/an) + adj. + n. + (主) + 謂！如：What beautiful flowers they are!How + adj. /adv. + (主) + 謂！如：How beautiful the flowers are!

12、Can you think what his job is? 含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，賓語(yǔ)從句的從句必須是陳述句。Start to do sth. 開(kāi)場(chǎng)做某事be famous for因知名be busy doing sth.忙于某事be busy with sth.be strict with sb.對(duì)某人某事嚴(yán)格be strict in sth. / doing sth.for + 時(shí)間段做某事持續(xù)多久問(wèn)：How long do you have volleyball?答：I have volleyball for two hours.ask sb. some questions. 問(wèn)某人一

13、些問(wèn)題ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事no =not anybecause 不和 so 同時(shí)使用，although(盡管)不和 but 同時(shí)使用。little幾乎沒(méi)有(否認(rèn))a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞有一些(肯定)few幾乎沒(méi)有(否認(rèn))a few修飾可數(shù)名詞有一些(肯定)either：兩者中的任何一個(gè)都行。neither：兩者中的任何一個(gè)都不。用“may提問(wèn)的句子答復(fù)用 can/can t 或 must / mustn t;用“can提問(wèn)的句子答復(fù)用 can/cant;用“must提問(wèn)的句子答復(fù)用 need/neednt.如：1. May I park my car he

14、re? Yes, you can / must. / No, you cant / mustnt. 2. Can I watch TV? Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 3. Must I clean the classroom this morning? Yes, you need. / No, you neednt.be afraid of doing sth. / be afraid of sth. 害怕做某事/某物be fond of = likemake a continuation to sth. 對(duì)有奉獻(xiàn)do well in = be good at

15、擅長(zhǎng)比擬級(jí) + and + 比擬級(jí)越來(lái)越give back = return 歸還 .wd.法國(guó)人單數(shù)：Frenchman/Frenchwoman英國(guó)人單數(shù)：Englishman/EnglishwomanChinese 和 Japanese 單復(fù)數(shù)同形in the world 在世界上all over the world / around the world / the whole word 全世界in the school 在學(xué)校里 in school 在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)outside 在外面outside the gate to the park 在公園門外turning 轉(zhuǎn)角go down +

16、沿著路走go straight down + 沿著路直走enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事enjoy oneself = have a good time = have funtake a walk = go for a walk = have a walkthe beginning of 的開(kāi)場(chǎng)at the beginning of 強(qiáng)調(diào)在開(kāi)場(chǎng)的那一刻in the beginning 起初，一開(kāi)場(chǎng)from the beginning 開(kāi)場(chǎng)時(shí)from beginning to end 從開(kāi)場(chǎng)到完畢visit + 地點(diǎn)、參觀某地a visit to + 地點(diǎn)、參觀某地have fun

17、doing sth. 做很開(kāi)心地點(diǎn) + is a great place to do sth. 是一個(gè)做的地方be busy with sth. 忙于某事the way to 去的路on the way to + 地點(diǎn)在去的路上on ones way to + 地點(diǎn)某人在去的路上on my way to home 在我回家的路上主語(yǔ) + hope(that) + 從句主語(yǔ) + hope + to do sth.live on 靠為生pay 金錢 to sb. for sth. 為了某物付錢給某人pay 金錢 to sb. = pay sb. 金錢pay sb.付錢給某人between 兩者之間

18、 among 三者或三者以上之間Why not do sth. ？表建議：為什么不做呢？Why dont you do sth. ? 表疑問(wèn)：你為什么不要？如：People like this kind of animals, because theyre kind of cute.in the south of 在南部asleep 睡著的 adj. fall asleep 入睡 be asleep 正睡著be friendly to sb. 對(duì)某人友好dont forget to do sth. 不要忘記做某事tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人去做某事tell sb. not t

19、o do sth. 叫某人不去做某事介詞 + doing sth.would like to do sth. 想要做某事Which place do you live in = Where do you live ?Isnt he cute ? 否認(rèn)疑問(wèn)句 .wd.Sam wants to play basketball, doesnt he ? 翻譯疑問(wèn)句Why not do sth. ? = Why dont you do sth. ?practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事use sth. to do sth.比擬級(jí)中的代詞用 that ，如：The map of Beijin

20、g is better than that of Tianjin.said to oneself 自言自語(yǔ)be careful not to do sth. 小心別做某事do ones best 盡某人的全力be satisfied with對(duì)滿意be full of 滿是條件狀語(yǔ)從句：主語(yǔ)為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：Well have a sports meeting if it doesnt rain tomorrow.Its (形式主語(yǔ)) + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.(主語(yǔ)) 做某事怎么樣。如：Its important for him to play

21、the piano . 彈鋼琴對(duì)他很重要。Its + adj. + of sb. to do sth. adj.應(yīng)為 sb.的本身性質(zhì)如：Its kind of you to help me. 你幫助了我，你真好。go across the bridge 過(guò)橋in + 時(shí)間段將來(lái)時(shí)多久后What does she do ? = Whats she? = Whats her job?如：I hope I can visit Hong Kong sometime.一些時(shí)間幾次間某時(shí)，某個(gè)不確定的時(shí)頻度副詞；有時(shí) timesome timessome sometime sometimestalk t

22、o / with sb. 與某人交談be out 外出waitress 女效勞員be late for做遲到了learn by oneself = teach oneself 自學(xué)show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.lately 最近thanks for + n. / 動(dòng)名詞表語(yǔ)一般放在 be 動(dòng)詞后，定語(yǔ)一般放在名詞前。be with sb. 與某人在一起描述頭發(fā)：漂亮 + 長(zhǎng)短 + 形狀 + 顏色描述人的長(zhǎng)相：have / has + hair / eyes / ears / mouth / nose is / am / are + tall / short /

23、 thin / heavy / good-looking / of medium height strong 的反義詞：weak 虛弱的love to do sth. 喜愛(ài)做某事wear 用進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)表示短時(shí)間內(nèi)的狀態(tài)。如：Miss Li is wearing a new dress today. 李教師今天穿著一件新裙子。popular 流行；受歡送的 pop 流行kind of = a little bit + adj. / adv. = a little bit of + n.多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~the；a數(shù)詞描繪詞大小、長(zhǎng)短、形狀、新舊、顏色出處材料性質(zhì)、類別名詞out

24、going 外向的What fine weather it is ！ = How fine the weather is ！round the world 全世界 .wd.junk food 垃圾食物be on a visit (n.) to = visit (v.) stay + adj. 保持be angry with sb.most of 中的大多數(shù)He doesnt want to do anything. = He wants to do nothing.Help oneself to sth. 受歡送play a joke on sb. 和某人開(kāi)玩笑dress sb. 為某人穿衣打

25、扮動(dòng)詞原型及其過(guò)去式to + v.不定式another + n.單 | |Its time for sb. to do sth.be worry (adj.) about (擔(dān)憂) = worry (v.) aboutsothat 如此以致discuss with sb. sth.as soon as 一就Stand sth.Maybe adv.exercise (v.) = do exercise (n.) / do sportsHow oftenHow manyHow muchHow long 時(shí)間多久How far 距離多遠(yuǎn)How soon 多快例：How soon will you c

26、ome back ？ In two days.How many times 多少次result for do sth.want sb. to do sth.Thanks for doing sth.be different from 與不同look after = take care of 照顧重視style 風(fēng)格、方式the old 老人kind person 熱心人the same as 與一樣kind of = a little (bit)keep in good healthy = keep healthymake a plan for 為做方案although = though 讓步

27、狀語(yǔ)從句：雖然、盡管be good at sth. / doing sth.advice (un.) 建議 a piece of advice.lots of = a lot of .wd.certainly 當(dāng)然sound like + 名詞 / 名詞詞組want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 = would like sb. to do sth.hope 表示有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。hope to do sth.希望去做某事；hope + that 從句that 可以省略 。另外，hope 后面+so 表示“希望如此；hope not 表示“希望不是這樣。wish 表示的愿望有點(diǎn)

28、難實(shí)現(xiàn)。wish to do sth.希望做某事；wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事；wish that 從句，從句所表示的希望一般是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的，故用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Need sth. / to do sth.Be good for sth. / doing sth.get 變得be with sth.western 西方的形式主語(yǔ)Its + adj. to do sth.improve 提高h(yuǎn)ave a pain in the + 身體部位名詞修飾名詞：修飾詞總為單數(shù)woman man 跟著所修飾詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化sport 作為修飾詞總為復(fù)數(shù)there be + 主語(yǔ) + doin

29、g sth.if：條件狀語(yǔ)從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)。不擅長(zhǎng)：be weak is擅長(zhǎng)：be good atAngry with sb. about sb. 為某事生某人的氣。for 表目的，例：We come here for vacation.將來(lái)時(shí)：1. will + v.(原)2. be going to do sth. 3. 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)計(jì)劃好的事有方向性的詞sb. pay 錢 for sth.go away 離開(kāi)Have a good time = Enjoy yourselfsend sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.show sb. sth. = s

30、how sth. to sb.think (過(guò)去式：thought) ：think about sth. / doing sth. 思考think of ：想起decide (決定) to do sth. / on sth. / on doing sth.在某大洲中心 in：Greece is in Europe.European 歐洲的leave somewhere 離開(kāi)某地 leave for somewhere 離開(kāi)去某地planplannedplanningnatural 自然的finish doing sth. 完成某事hope to do sth. / 從句I cant wait

31、to do sth. 我迫不及待想做某事the number of 的數(shù)量depend on 依賴于in the mountain 在山區(qū)keep + 賓語(yǔ) + adj.賓補(bǔ) .wd.decide to do sth. / on sth. /on doing sth.賓語(yǔ)從句：陳述句語(yǔ)序get to = reach = arrive in / atWould / Will you please + v(原)sit at the table 用餐the final(adj. 最后的) exam 期末考試How 提問(wèn)方式方法地 + is + 距離 + (away) from B 地A有具體距離不再

32、用 farIts + 距離 + from A to B劃線局部提問(wèn)：Its ten kilometres from my home to school.How far is it from your home to school ？It take sb.to do sth. 例：It takes him about 10 minutes to ride to the station.ride 車程：An hours bus ride will take you there.final = at last =in the endnot all 局部否認(rèn)并非所有：Not all students

33、are here.a lot / far / much 用來(lái)修飾比擬級(jí)表示差異程度大，差異程度小用 a bit / a littleWhat do you think of ？ = How do you like ？need實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 + sth. / to do sth.the number of 的數(shù)量，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)isThe number of the students is 100.worryv.）（.adjworry bet Doninvite (v.) invitation (n.)discuss sth. 討論某事on ones way to ：誰(shuí)在前往的路上by the way ：

34、順便提一下inways ：方面Excuse , youre in my way ：你擋到我了enjoy doing sth.be good at = as ason the farm : 在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上take part in = join inlike helping othershowever = butmake sb. adj. (賓補(bǔ))lielyinganother + 數(shù)字 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞by plane = by airbreakbrokebrokenbe + 過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)healthyhealthierwould like to do sth.Youd better do sth.

35、/ not do sth.view vju: n. 觀點(diǎn)face to face 面對(duì)面 .wd.another 在做形容詞時(shí)意為“又一個(gè)，再一個(gè)，另外的，其后可以接可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。如：I have another two books to read.another ，the other ，others ，the others another 既可作形容詞又可作代詞，泛指“再一個(gè)，又一個(gè)，表示“總數(shù)為三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上中任意的另一個(gè)，表示泛指，可以單獨(dú)使用；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，其前不加冠詞。如：This dress is dirty ，please change another on

36、e for me. the other 表示“兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)，表示特指，總數(shù)為兩個(gè)；它可以單獨(dú)使用，也可用 the other + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。如：His parents both work in a hospital. One is a doctor and the other is a nurse. others 用于泛指一些人或事物中其他的，可單獨(dú)使用或用 other + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)代替。注意 others后面不可直接加名詞。如：Some students like English and other students (others) like physics. the othe

37、rs 指一定范圍內(nèi)其余所有的人或物，表示特指。如：This dictionary is better than the others.形容詞、副詞的比擬級(jí)1. 比擬級(jí)的定義大多數(shù)形容詞都有三個(gè)級(jí)別：原級(jí)、比擬級(jí)、最高級(jí)。其中比擬級(jí)表示“更，用于兩者之間的比擬，用來(lái)說(shuō)明“前者比后者更。比擬級(jí)前面一般用 much ，even ，a little 修飾。2. 比擬級(jí)的構(gòu)成(1) 規(guī)那么變化 單音節(jié)和局部雙音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞一般在詞尾加 er如：calmcalmer talltaller smartsmarter 以字母 e 結(jié)尾的直接在詞尾加 r如：nicenicer finefiner large

38、larger 以輔音+y 結(jié)尾的詞，變 y 為 i，再加 er如：earlyearlier happyhappier busybusier 以重讀閉音節(jié)的單個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫輔音字母，再加 er如：bigbigger thinthinner hothotter 多音節(jié)或局部雙音節(jié)的形容詞在原級(jí)前面加 more如：popularmore popular importantmore important(2) 不規(guī)那么變化少數(shù)形容詞、副詞的比擬級(jí)變化是不規(guī)那么的：goodbetter bad/illworse many/muchmore littleless farfarther/furthe

39、r oldolder/elder3. 比擬級(jí)的用法(1) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)人或事物A 和 B進(jìn)展比擬時(shí)，我們需要用到形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)或比擬級(jí)。 表達(dá)“A 和 B 一樣，用 asas 的構(gòu)造。公式：A + be 動(dòng)詞 + as + 形容詞原級(jí) + as + B A + 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 + as + 副詞原級(jí) + as + B如：I am as tall as you. He runs as fast as I. 表達(dá)“A 不如 B用 not as/soas 的構(gòu)造。公式：A + be 動(dòng)詞的否認(rèn)形式 + as + 形容詞原級(jí) + as +B A + 助動(dòng)詞的否認(rèn)形式 + 動(dòng)詞 + as + 副詞原級(jí) + as

40、 + B如：I am not as tall as you. He doesnt run as fast as I. 表達(dá)“A 大于 B用“比擬級(jí)+than的構(gòu)造公式：A + be 動(dòng)詞 + 形容詞比擬級(jí) + than + B A + 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 + 副詞比擬級(jí) + than + B .wd.如：I am taller than you. He runs faster than I.(2) 關(guān)于形容詞、副詞比擬級(jí)的更多用法 比擬級(jí)前面可以加上表示“優(yōu)劣程度的詞或短語(yǔ)，意思是“更， “得。常見(jiàn)詞有 much ，a little ，even ，a lot ，a great deal 等。如：He i

41、s much taller than I. I jump a little higher than he. 比擬級(jí)前面可以加上表示具體數(shù)量差異的構(gòu)造，表示具體“大多少， “長(zhǎng)多少， “短多少等。如：I am two years older than he. This building is 20 meters higher than that one. 表示“越來(lái)越比擬級(jí) + and + 比擬級(jí)單音節(jié)詞 ；more and more + 原級(jí)多音節(jié)詞如：It is getting warmer and warmer.He is running faster and faster.Our cou

42、ntry is becoming more and more beautiful. 表示“越就越；the+比擬級(jí)，the+比擬級(jí)如：The more ，the better The more careful you are ，the fewer mistakes you will make. the+比擬級(jí)of the two表示兩個(gè)當(dāng)中較的一個(gè)如：The taller of the two boys is my brothers.4. 運(yùn)用形容詞、副詞比擬級(jí)應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的問(wèn)題(1) 按語(yǔ)法規(guī)那么，than 后面的人稱代詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用主格，但口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中有時(shí)會(huì)用賓格代替主格。如：He is more car

43、eful than I (me).(2) 只有同類的事物才能比擬如：Her bag is bigger than mine.Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kun Ming is much better than that of Shenyang.The weather of Kun Ming is much better than Shenyang.5. 加 er 的雙音節(jié)詞大多以 y、ow、er、ple、ble 結(jié)尾6. 由詞根+前綴/后綴形成的形容詞+more一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)是指經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三

44、人稱單數(shù)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三單變化。1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的句型：(1) 動(dòng)詞為 be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)：主語(yǔ) + be 動(dòng)詞am/is/are + 其他局部否認(rèn)句在 be 動(dòng)詞后面加 not；一般疑問(wèn)句把 be 動(dòng)詞提到句首。(2) 動(dòng)詞為行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句： 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分 主語(yǔ)第三人稱單數(shù)+動(dòng)詞 s/es+其他成分一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的否認(rèn)句 主語(yǔ)+dont+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分 主語(yǔ)第三人稱單數(shù)+doesnt+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的一般疑問(wèn)句 Do+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分？ Does+主語(yǔ)第三人稱單數(shù)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分？一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的一般疑問(wèn)句 .wd.特殊疑問(wèn)句+一般疑問(wèn)句？

45、2. 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化(1) 直接加 s，如：looklooks sleepsleeps(2) 在字母 s，x，ch，sh，o 后加 es，如：watchwatches gogoes(3) 輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的詞變 y 為 i 再加 es，如：studystudies crycries注意：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的特殊疑問(wèn)句 What does he do on weekend ？ He watches TV .as for sth. / doing sth.Pour sth / sth for sb. / sb. sth.The rain poured down yesterday. 昨晚傾盆

46、大雨。Two teaspoons of honey.should + v.(原)taste(系 v.) + adj.(表)add sth. to sth.黑人英雄愛(ài)吃番茄土豆NegroesHeroesTomatoesPotatoes名詞復(fù)數(shù)加 eson (the) topthere be : 就近原那么不出現(xiàn) there havelay(產(chǎn)卵)laidjourney 陸地的旅行prize 獎(jiǎng)品獎(jiǎng)金爭(zhēng)奪物；值得競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的目標(biāo)；口語(yǔ)極好的東西。buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.have fun = have a good time = enjoy doing sth.all

47、 day long 一整天be borncompetition 做不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)表示競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，做可數(shù)名詞時(shí)表示競(jìng)賽。help sb. (to) do sth.place of interest 名勝古跡I will never 我不會(huì)忘記have fun doing sth.make history 創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄take off 起飛、脫掉happen 發(fā)生：sth. happen to sb.take a class = have a classon day off一般過(guò)去式的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都是明顯表示過(guò)去的。如：yesterday， last night(week/year), in + 過(guò)去的年份(如：i

48、n 1998)，ago(如：three tears ago)， just now 等等。recordrecord /rek/rek :d/:d/ n.n.hold / keep the recordbreak the recordset the new word recordrecordrecord /r/r ikik :d/:d/ v.v.What are you recording in your book?start doing sth. = start to do sth.it says 據(jù)說(shuō) .wd.tooto My brother is too young to go to sch

49、ool.sothat My brother is so young that he cant go to school.play for 為而戰(zhàn)hiccuppingcreatecreativelovelovely 得意的loving 慈祥的Osaka usa:k, usa:ka: 大阪take part in = join in 參加活動(dòng)join：參加某組織或團(tuán)體admire 羨慕 v.tI admire her story.I admire him for his discovery.see sb. do sth.learn sth. / to do sth.stop sb. from do

50、ing sth. 阻止某人做的事practice doing sth.We wont go shopping if it is rain tomorrow. 條件或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)see sb. doing sth. 看見(jiàn)某人正做某事to 后面加 v.原major indecidedecisionWhat adj. n. 主謂be late for schoolmove to some whereLetsshall we？Let uswill you？what was wrote 更糟糕的是holdheldat the same time 同時(shí)that+定語(yǔ)從句be rich 變得富有Br

51、itish 不列顛see sb. doing sth.foreign外國(guó)的foreigner外國(guó)人over = more thanMay / Could I do sth.I agree with you. 我同意你的觀點(diǎn)。agree with sb.agree to do sth.leave ones job 辭職down town adv.城市市區(qū)keep： keep fit 體型上/ keep healthy keep adj. keep doing sth. keep sb. / sth. adj.賓補(bǔ)例：Keep the food cool. keep sb. doing sth.

52、讓某人一直做某事of 一般用來(lái)贊揚(yáng)或批評(píng) It is adj. of sb.once 曾經(jīng) .wd.give sb. a ride 順便搭一程get a ride 搭便車start doing sth.sports startliving room = sitting roomtake out the trash Uwomens singles player 女單項(xiàng)選擇手plan f f o o r r thebe like介像have better not do sth. 最好不做某事one of adj.最高級(jí)n.pl.borrow sth from sb. 向某人接某物L(fēng)end sth.

53、 for sb. / Lend sb. sth. 借給某人某物what for = whyinvite sb. to do sth.in front of behindin the front of at the back ofrise 升上來(lái)主動(dòng) The sun rise in the east.raise 把升上來(lái) We raise our national flag every Monday.Detective 偵探Have great meaning 重要的 Great 重大的Such a little girl. So little a girl. 不可數(shù)或複數(shù)名詞用 suchHav

54、e sth done.讓某物被做某事 Have the computer repaired.讓電腦被修理fall of = fall down fromdisappointing、disappoint、disappointed 失望的on 與 this+ weekend 不能同時(shí)使用Chemistry kemistri n.化學(xué)Chance ns n. 機(jī)會(huì)條件狀語(yǔ)從句主句If+一般現(xiàn)在表將來(lái)+將來(lái)The adj. 一類人Passv.= v.+ past介nationalityadj.countryn.How is going 最近好嗎Have a hard time with sth. /

55、doing sth.badworseworst主句從句現(xiàn)在時(shí)任何事態(tài)He thinks his father will go to Shanghai.過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去某個(gè)事態(tài)had + 過(guò)去分詞：過(guò)去完成時(shí)即時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)述Ben told me it was going to rain today.過(guò)後轉(zhuǎn)述Ben told me it was going to rain that dayhope to do sth.hopehope + 從句Broccoli 花椰菜Get adj. 變得 .wd.Hurry up 抓緊時(shí)間half halves賓語(yǔ)從句when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在表將來(lái)organize o

56、rganizationhalf of them half themhalf of the class = half the classwith比較compareto比喻Its adj. to do sth.Marks 分?jǐn)?shù)Mount Qomolanma 珠穆朗瑪峰Everyone except Karen and Michaelis going to visit the museum. 就遠(yuǎn)原則Destroydistri v. 破壞youareaexcellentskater你是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的滑雪者gogonebebeenblow up 引爆Have / has been doing sth. ：

57、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)I think he is a good student，isnt itI dont think he is a good student，is it前肯后否前否后肯賓語(yǔ)從句反義疑問(wèn)句第一人稱反義疑問(wèn)句與從句保持疑問(wèn)主語(yǔ)第二三人稱主句保持一致dangerous animal對(duì)人危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物animal in dangerous陷入危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物現(xiàn)在過(guò)去完成時(shí)是過(guò)去做做做到現(xiàn)在De Gaulle 戴高樂(lè)Make a livingbydoing sth. 靠什麼謀生seem adj.seem like n.mad at生氣mad about瘋狂One of adj.(最高級(jí)) n.(pl.)I

58、ts time for sth.一、概念直接引述別人的話，叫“直接引語(yǔ)。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫“間接英語(yǔ)。間接英語(yǔ)在多數(shù)的情況下構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)一般前后要加括號(hào)，所引用的話前常用逗號(hào)，而不是冒號(hào)，引號(hào)內(nèi)直接引語(yǔ)的第一個(gè)單詞首字母要大些。例如： John said， “I like reading the story. John said that he liked reading the story.二、直接引語(yǔ)變間接英語(yǔ) 1.陳述句直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞 that在口語(yǔ)中 that 可省略 ，從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等要相應(yīng)變化。(1)

59、 人稱的變化He said to me， “I broke your CD player.He told me that he had broken my CD player.(2) 事態(tài)的變化如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)那么無(wú)需變化。如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去式， .wd.從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要做相應(yīng)的變化。例句直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)He said， “Im afraid I cant finish the workHe said that he was afraid he couldnt finish the work.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)過(guò)去

60、進(jìn)展時(shí)He said， “Im using a pen.He said that he was using a pen.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)She said， “Ive not heart from him since May.She said that she had not heart from him since May.一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said， “I came to help you.He said that he had come to help me.過(guò)去完成時(shí)不變He said， “I had finished my homework before supper.He