定語從句超詳細(xì)講解和練習(xí)無答案

1、定語從句定語從句的構(gòu)成：兩個簡單句： A man is sta nding there.The man is my brother.= 主從復(fù)合句： The man who is standing there is my brother.先行詞：行，走路的意思。先行詞就是放在從句前面的詞，但是本身為定語從句中的一部分。所以先行詞 在從句中作什么成分從句中就用什么樣的引導(dǎo)詞。關(guān)系詞：代替先行詞承擔(dān)從句中的句子成分，放在句首引導(dǎo)從句，所以也叫引導(dǎo)詞。(1.關(guān)系代詞：在從句里代替先行詞充當(dāng) 、_關(guān)系詞的種類:I 2.關(guān)系副詞：在從句里代替先行詞充當(dāng) 關(guān)系詞的作用：代替前面的先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成

2、分 把兩個句子連起來一、關(guān)系代詞：先行詞人物人+物主語who/ thatwhich/ thatthat賓語who/ whom/ thatwhich/ thatthat定語whosewhose/ of which表語that注意：、當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作賓語的時候可以省略引導(dǎo)詞把下列兩個簡單句合成一個主從復(fù)合句1. He wants to see the man. + The man is in Shanghai.2.1 have a sister. + She works in Hebei.4.Do you know the girl? + Her mother works here.5.1 li

3、ve in a room. + Its door faces south.先行詞做賓語時 who與whom的區(qū)別 一般情況下不進(jìn)行區(qū)分，除非是緊跟在介詞之后1. This is the man. The police are looking for him.This is the man who/whom/that ) the police are looking for.【who/whom/that 可以省略】其中介詞for可以提前This is the man for whom the police are looking.介詞在引導(dǎo)詞前面只能用 whom,而且不能省略，因為介詞之后只能接

4、賓格注：that不能放在介詞之后2. John is the driver. We talked about him.Joh n is the driverwe talked about.Joh n is the driver aboutwe talked.、關(guān)系副詞:先行詞物地點狀語where時間狀語whe n原因狀語why/ for which把下列兩個簡單句合成一個主從復(fù)合句This is the house. + I was born in the house.對比： This is the house. The house was built 10 years ago.T 總結(jié)： W

5、e will never forget the day. + We will hold the Olympic Games on the day.T T 對比： I will never forget the day . I spent the day with you last year.T T 總結(jié)： I don' t know the reason. + He left here for the reason.T T I don 't know the reason. He has told others the reason.T 總結(jié)： 介詞加 which 可以等于 w

6、hen、where 或 whyThis was a terrible war. + Many people were killed in the war.t This was a terrible war. + Many people were killed in.-It is the largest farm in my hometown. A monument stands on the farm.t It is the largest farm in my hometow n. A monument sta nds on.-一The police soon arrived at the

7、sce ne現(xiàn)場）.There was a man lying at the sce ne.t The police soon arrived at the sce ne現(xiàn)場）.There was a man lying at.一T總結(jié)： where二介詞+which，介詞是由所決定的。February is a month. There are usually 28 days in a month. February is a mon th. There are usually 28 days in.- Every Chinese knows October 1st. New China w

8、as founded on October 1st. Every Chinese knows October 1st. New China was founded on . I want to know the time. The bus leaves at the time. I want to know the time. The bus leaves at . 總結(jié)： when=介詞+which，介詞是由所決定的。No one can guess the reason. He disappeared for the reason. No one can guess the reason.

9、 He disappeared for . 總結(jié)： why=for which ，因為只有介詞 for 表示原因 . 另一種引導(dǎo)詞加介詞的情況：1. This is the hero whom we are proud.A.ofB.toC. atD.in2.In the dark street, there was'nt any person she could turn.A. to thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom3. Lei Feng is a person all people should learn.A. to thatB. whoC. fro

10、m whomD. to whom總結(jié)：看動詞的固定搭配。先行詞是人，在定語從句中作賓語時 who 與 whom 的區(qū)別 :who 是主格，可以做主語， 但是現(xiàn)在語法要求不那么嚴(yán)格了，先行詞是人在從句中作主語作賓 語都可以用 who 來代替whom 是賓格，先行詞做賓語的時候可以用 whom 來代替 但是介詞之后只能接賓格的形式，所以如果引導(dǎo)詞前有介詞的話，必須得用 whom 的形式 .而且當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞前面有介詞的時候是不能省略引導(dǎo)詞的1. You want the approval of those withyou come in contact.(who/whom/that)2. You wan

11、t the approval of those you come in contact with.(who/whom/that)3. The girl you talked to is my girlfriend.(who/whom/that)4. The girl to you talked is my girlfriend.(who/whom/that)5. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. (who/whom/that)定語從句最需要注意的地方 :一、定語從句中的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)與先行詞

12、保持一致。1. Here are the sentences that often used by the students.(that 指代 ,謂語動詞用 )2. I am Li Hua, who your student.( who 指代 , 謂語用 .)3. He was one of the students who praised for it.( who 指代 , 謂語用 .)4. He was the only one of the students who praised for it.( who 指代 , 謂語用 .)二、the way為先行詞在句中做 方式狀語，引導(dǎo)詞用th

13、at、in which或省略都可以。I don'tlike the way. You speak to me in the way. 劃分句子結(jié)構(gòu)： You speak to me in the way.變成定語從句 1.I don'tlike the way that you speak to me.2.1 don'tlike the way in which you speak to me.3.1 don'tlike the way you speak to me.對比： I think the way is very practical. You told

14、 me the way. 劃分句子結(jié)構(gòu)： You told me the way.1.1 think the way that you told me is very useful.2.1 think the way which you told me is very useful.'3.1 think the way you told me is very useful.三、注意英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。1. The Greens have two daughters, both of are college students.2. The Greens have two daughters,

15、 and both of are college students.3. The Greens have two daughters. Both of are college students.四、定語從句不能用 what 引導(dǎo)。定語從句不能用 what 引導(dǎo)。 定語從句不能用 what 引導(dǎo)。五、虛擬的地點也可以做地點狀語。1. I receive your letter you told me you would come.先行詞： . You told me you would come先. 行詞所做成分 對比： I receive your letter makes me glad.先

16、行詞： . makes me glad.先行詞所做成分2. Look at the sentence there are five words.先行詞 : . There are five words先. 行詞所做成分 對比： Look at the sentence you should pay attention to .先行詞 : . You should pay attention to先. 行詞所做成分 3. Please log on the website you can find a lot of information.先行詞 : . You can find a lot o

17、f information先. 行詞所做成分 對比： Please log on the website can offer you a lot of information.先行詞：.can offer you a lot of in formation先行詞所做成分 六、as作關(guān)系代詞先行詞前有such, as, the same寸，其意為“像的” “凡是的”“一類的人（物）”，引導(dǎo)詞必須用a&例如：He'snot such a fool as he looks.他并不像看上去的那樣愚蠢。He is not such a manas would leave his work

18、 half done. 他并不是一個做事半途而廢的人。You must show my wife the same respectas you show me. 你必須對我妻子表現(xiàn)出與對我同樣的敬重。He smokesas expensive a cigaretteas he can afford. 他抽一種他買得起的最貴的煙。七、特殊情況只用 that 不用 which 的情況(1) 先行詞是不定代詞： all， few， little， much, something， nothing， anything 等。 例如： All that we have to do is to practi

19、se every day. 我們必須做的就是每天練習(xí)。Little that he said is believable 他的話很少有可信的。(2) 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾。 例如： The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten。我將永遠(yuǎn)記得我的第一堂課。(3) 先行詞被 all, any, very, each, few, little , no, some等限定詞修飾。 例如： Every means that had been tried proved to be useless.嘗試過的每一種方法都證明是無用

20、的。I have read all the books (that)you gave m我已讀了你給我的所有的書。 ( 4)先行詞被 the only, the very, the right, just the 修飾時。例如： He is the only person that l want to talk to. 他是我想與之交談的唯一的人。This is just the book (that) I'm looking for. 這正是我在找的書。( 5)先行詞既有人又有物時。例如：They talked of things and persons that they reme

21、mbered in the school. 他們談起了他們所記得的學(xué)校里的人和事。(6) 當(dāng)主句是以which開頭的特殊疑問句時，定語從句須用that，以免與先行詞重復(fù)。 例如： Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?我們當(dāng)中懂得一些物理知識的人有誰不知道這個呢 ?(7) 先行詞前有介詞的時候不能用that只能用which，而且絕對不能省略The book I heard about was written ten years ago.The book about I heard was writte

22、n ten years ago.當(dāng)先行詞是人,只用 that 不用 who 的情況：a. 以who開頭的特殊疑問句，定語從句的先行詞如果是人，關(guān)系代詞只用that不用whoWho is the girl that said hello to you just now?b. 當(dāng)先行詞既有人也有物時，定語從句只用that來引導(dǎo)They ofter talk about the person and things that they remember.c. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時，只用that來引導(dǎo)He'cha nged. He is not the man that he was.

23、練習(xí)題：【2017 匕京】1. The little problemswe meet in our daily lives may be in spirati ons for greatinven ti ons.A.that B. as C. where D. whe n【2016 北京】2. I live next door to a couplechildren often make a lot of noise.A.whose B. why C. where D. which【2014 重慶】3. We' ll reach the sales gaits in a mon thw

24、e set at the beg inning of the year.A.whichB. whereC. whe nD. what【2014 安徽】4. The exact yearAngela and her family spent together in China was 2008.A.When B. where C. why D. which5. Fi nally he reached a Ion ely isla ndwas completely cut off from the outside world.A.whe nB.whereC.whichD.whom6. Who ca

25、n thi nk of a situationthis idiom can be used?A.whereB.whichC.in thatD.that7.ln class, our teachers ofte n create an en vir onmentwe are give n the opport un ity to solveproblems ourselves.A.whe nB.whichC.whereD.that8. The prize will go to the writerstory shows the most imagi nati on.A.thatB.whichC.

26、whoseD.what9. The factory I am going to is the place my father used to work in the past.A.where; where B.where; which C.which; where D.that; which10. Tom is one of the boys who late this morning.A.wasB. wereC.isD.are11. Tom is the only one of the boys who late this morning.A.wasB. wereC.isD.are12. D

27、o you know the stude nt?A. whom I ofte n talkB. with who I ofte n talk C.l often talk with D. that I ofte n talk13. The boss of the compa ny is tryi ng to create an easy atmospherehis employees enjoy theirwork.A. where B. which C. whe n D. who14. Creating an atmosphereemployees feel part of a team i

28、s a big challenge.A. which B. whose C. in which D. at which15. Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which16. He is the last person in the world I am willing to turn for help.A.to whomB.whoC.thatD.when17. The book tells stories of th

29、e earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.A.whose B.thatC.who D.which18. The book has opened up a window we can see a wonderful world outside.A.in which B.through which C.where D.that19.I, your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who isB.who amC.that isD.what is20.I know

30、 the reason he was absent from class this morning.A.whichB.in whichC.for whichD.that21.The company I am working in is next to the post office.A.where B.which C.in which D.to which22.The reason you explained for your being late is unbelievable.A./ B.whyC.for which23.Is this the park you visited the o

31、ther day?A.whereB.thatC.in which24.He is the only one of my uncles a restaurant.A.that runsB.who runC.whom runs25.Is this the hospital you worked 10 years ago?A.where B.that C./D.whatD.the oneD.which runD.which26. He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.A.what B.which C.wher

32、e D.how27. Nowhere could he find his glasses, he could see nothing.A.with which B.thatC.without whichD.where28. Wind power is an ancient source of energywe may return in the near future.A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which29. This is the best way I have thought ofthe problem.A.that; solving

33、 B.in which; solving C.which; to solve D./; to solve30. Leave him a note at the reception desk, he will learn how to find you.A.which B.from which C.with which D.on which31. The school is differe nt from the oneit used to be 6 years ago.A.itB.whichC.thatD.what32.Studentslive far away home will be ha

34、ppy with our dormitories.A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.for whom33. The waythe teacher taught is practical.A.i n whichB.whe nC.whereD.that34. The wolves hid themselves in the placescoulcfn t be found.A.thatB.whereC.in whichD.in that35.I have bought the same dress she is wearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what非限制性定語從句非

35、限制性定語從句和限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：主句和從句中間有無逗號非限制性定語從句和限制性定語從句用法基本一樣，但是有兩點不同：1. 非限制性定語從句不能用that來引導(dǎo)2. 非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是一整句話，當(dāng)先行詞是一整句話的時候引導(dǎo)詞只能用which1. The famous basketball star,is an America n, came to Chi na yesterday.2.In those days,she used to go to Mr black,withshe had a wonderful time.3bought a car yesterday,cost

36、 me a lot.4.Xi' an,I visited last year, is a nice old city.5.It was rai ning heavily,made the situati on wore.6. He will come to see me next July,he won t be so busy.7. The school,I once studied,was built thirty years ago.8. John said he d been working in the office for an hour,was true.9. My pa

37、re nts ofte n treat me as a baby,I cant bear.10. Jim passed the driv ing test,surprised everybody in the office.3. 在of which/whom之前可以使用表達(dá)數(shù)量或定位的數(shù)詞或代詞。1.I am doing different types of exercises, all of are quite helpful to my health.2. Many people , some of are not overweight , are going on diets.3. Th

38、ere are 54 students in my class, three of come from US.4.It' s the same in China-many people, some of are not overweight at all,are always going on diet or taking weight-loss pills, are often dangerous.4. as也可以作引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞為一整句話。但是which引導(dǎo)的句子放在主句之后，as引導(dǎo)的從句放在主句之前。但是這一類定語從句逐漸演化成了短語，常見的有：as has been said

39、 before如上所述as is well known眾所周知as was expected正如預(yù)料的那樣as has been already pointed out 正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣as we all can see正如我們都會看到的那樣練習(xí)題：1. This is the factory where we visited last week.2. This is the watch which Tom is looking for it.3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.4. The house in that we live is very small.5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.6. It is know