Thesolitaryreaper詳細賞析

1、The Solitary reaper- William WordsworthThe Solitary Reaper by William WordsworthWordsworth (1770-1850) was the 3rd greatest poet in Englishliterature after Shakespeare and Milton, poet laureate（桂冠詩人）, leader of the English Romantic Movement and the most famous of the Lake poets湖畔詩人. His best poems a

2、re short lyrics抒情詩.wordsworthWordsworth 威廉威廉.華茲華斯華茲華斯華茲華斯（華茲華斯（William Wordsworth,1770-1850），著名的英國浪漫主義），著名的英國浪漫主義詩人，與科爾律治詩人，與科爾律治(S. T. Coleridge)、騷賽、騷賽(Robert Southey)同被稱為同被稱為“湖畔派湖畔派”（the Lake Poets）詩人。主要作品有長詩）詩人。主要作品有長詩漫游漫游（The Excursion），），抒情歌謠集抒情歌謠集(Lyrical Ballads)、序曲序曲(Prelude)等。等。 曾獲曾獲“桂冠詩人桂冠

3、詩人”稱號。華茲華斯寫了許多以自然與人生關(guān)系為主題的詩稱號。華茲華斯寫了許多以自然與人生關(guān)系為主題的詩歌，中心思想是大自然是人生歡樂和智慧的來源文筆樸素清新，歌，中心思想是大自然是人生歡樂和智慧的來源文筆樸素清新， 自然流自然流暢，一反新古典主義平板、典雅的風(fēng)格，開創(chuàng)了新鮮活潑的浪漫主義詩風(fēng)。暢，一反新古典主義平板、典雅的風(fēng)格，開創(chuàng)了新鮮活潑的浪漫主義詩風(fēng)。華茲華斯長期住在鄉(xiāng)村、湖畔，其詩作以描寫自然風(fēng)光、田園景色、鄉(xiāng)民華茲華斯長期住在鄉(xiāng)村、湖畔，其詩作以描寫自然風(fēng)光、田園景色、鄉(xiāng)民村姑、少男少女聞名于世。他重視想象力，善于把平凡的日常生活勾勒得村姑、少男少女聞名于世。他重視想象力，善于把平凡

4、的日常生活勾勒得富于奇妙的色彩，富于奇妙的色彩，“使日常的東西在不平常的狀態(tài)下呈現(xiàn)在心靈面前使日常的東西在不平常的狀態(tài)下呈現(xiàn)在心靈面前”強強調(diào)調(diào)”一切好詩都是強烈情感的自然流露一切好詩都是強烈情感的自然流露“他注意吸取民間詩歌的藝術(shù)特色，他注意吸取民間詩歌的藝術(shù)特色，采用民間生動、淳樸的口語。這使他的詩獨辟蹊徑，呈現(xiàn)出樸素清新、天采用民間生動、淳樸的口語。這使他的詩獨辟蹊徑，呈現(xiàn)出樸素清新、天然成趣的境界，一反新古典主義平板、典雅的風(fēng)格，開創(chuàng)了新鮮活潑的浪然成趣的境界，一反新古典主義平板、典雅的風(fēng)格，開創(chuàng)了新鮮活潑的浪漫主義詩風(fēng)。人們稱他為漫主義詩風(fēng)。人們稱他為“自然詩人自然詩人”。他的詩在描

5、寫自然風(fēng)光、平民事。他的詩在描寫自然風(fēng)光、平民事物之中，常寓有深意，寄托著自我反觀和對人生的哲學(xué)思考。物之中，常寓有深意，寄托著自我反觀和對人生的哲學(xué)思考。 寫作背景 華茲華斯生于英格蘭西北部湖區(qū)一律師家庭，八歲時離家求華茲華斯生于英格蘭西北部湖區(qū)一律師家庭，八歲時離家求學(xué)，愛好大自然和詩歌。學(xué)，愛好大自然和詩歌。1787年進劍橋大學(xué)。年進劍橋大學(xué)。1790年暑期徒年暑期徒步游歷法國、瑞士、意大利。步游歷法國、瑞士、意大利。1791年畢業(yè)后徒步漫游了威爾年畢業(yè)后徒步漫游了威爾士。他曾多次到蘇格蘭各地游歷，廣泛接觸大自然和鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)士。他曾多次到蘇格蘭各地游歷，廣泛接觸大自然和鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)土民情。這首詩據(jù)

6、說就是他游歷時的收獲；另一種說法認為土民情。這首詩據(jù)說就是他游歷時的收獲；另一種說法認為是詩人讀了朋友哈金森的一則日記后寫的。哈金森在日記中是詩人讀了朋友哈金森的一則日記后寫的。哈金森在日記中寫道，在一次遠足中，他偶然看到一位蘇格蘭高地農(nóng)家女在寫道，在一次遠足中，他偶然看到一位蘇格蘭高地農(nóng)家女在麥田里一面勞作，一面唱歌。歌聲悠揚哀婉，凄切動人。這麥田里一面勞作，一面唱歌。歌聲悠揚哀婉，凄切動人。這些材料經(jīng)過詩人點化，成了這首膾炙人口的抒情詩。些材料經(jīng)過詩人點化，成了這首膾炙人口的抒情詩。 V. Themes of Wordsworths poems1.natural impressions2.

7、the feelings of the common people3.harmony between humanity and natureStanza 1: The poet heard a Scottish girl singing while reaping in the wheat field.1Behold her, single in the field, 2Yon solitary Highland Lass! 3Reaping and singing by herself; 4Stop here, or gently pass! vt. look at=yonder: over

8、there蘇格蘭西北部高原The poethesitates.or恐驚5Alone she cuts and binds the grain, 6And sings a melancholy strain; 7O listen! for the Vale profound 8Is overflowing with the sound.哀傷的曲調(diào)=valley=girlHer voice is like water.捆Behold her, single in the field, Yon solitary Highland Lass! Reaping and singing by hersel

9、f; Stop here, or gently pass! Alone she cuts and binds the grain And sings a melancholy strain; Oh listen! For the vale profound Is overflowing with the sound. 看她，在田里獨自一個，那個蘇格蘭高原的少女！獨自在收割，獨自在唱歌；停住吧，或者悄悄走過去！她獨自割麥，又把它捆好，唱著一只憂郁的曲調(diào)；聽啊！整個深邃的谷地都有這一片歌聲在洋溢 Stanza 2: The poet is surprised to hear such a beau

10、tiful song in so remote a place.1No Nightingale did ever chaunt 2More welcome notes to weary bands 3Of travellers in some shady haunt, 4Among Arabian sands =chant歌唱可愛的音符groupoasis綠洲where travellers take a restunder the trees.deserts in most of the ArabianPeninsula 半島nightingale夜鶯a bird good at singi

11、ng5A voice so thrilling neer was heard 6In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird, 7Breaking the silence of the seas 8Among the farthest Hebrides 動人的=neverherald 信使of spring, comingin April andleaving inAugustcuckoo杜鵑鳥Ireland EnglandScotlandHebridesIn Spring people on the Hebrides are excited to hear the

12、cuckoossong after a long winters silence.No Nightingale did ever chauntMore welcome notes to weary bands Of travellers in some shady haunt,Among Arabian sands.A voice so thrilling neer was heardIn spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird,Breaking the silence of the seasAmong the farthest Hebrides. 從沒有夜鶯能夠唱出

13、從沒有夜鶯能夠唱出更美的音調(diào)來歡迎結(jié)隊商，更美的音調(diào)來歡迎結(jié)隊商，疲倦了，到一個蔭涼的去處疲倦了，到一個蔭涼的去處就在阿拉伯沙漠的中央；就在阿拉伯沙漠的中央；杜鵑鳥在春天叫得多動人，杜鵑鳥在春天叫得多動人，也沒有這樣子蕩人心魂，也沒有這樣子蕩人心魂，盡管它驚破了遠海的靜悄，盡管它驚破了遠海的靜悄，響徹了赫伯里底斯群島。響徹了赫伯里底斯群島。Stanza 3: The poet doesnt understand her song but knows it is about something sad.1Will no one tell me what she sings? 2Perhaps t

14、he plaintive numbers 3 old, unhappy, far-off things, 4And battles long ago: sad音符are about(Her song is like water.)long time ago5Or is it some more humble lay, 6Familiar matter of to-day? 7Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain, 8That has been, and may be again? 低俗的小調(diào)such as the natural death of her par

15、entsWill no one tell me what she sings?Perhaps the plaintive numbers flowFor old, unhappy, far-off things,And battles long ago.Or is it some more humble lay,Familiar matter of to-day?Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain,That has been, and may be again?她唱的是什么，可有誰說得清？哀怨的曲調(diào)里也許在流傳古老，不幸，悠久的事情，還有長遠以前的征戰(zhàn)；或者她

16、唱的并不特殊，只是今日的家常事故？那些天然的喪憂、哀痛，有過的，以后還會有的種種？Stanza 4: The poet was so moved by her song that he could never forget it.1Whateer the theme, the Maiden sang 2As if her song could have no ending; 3I saw her singing at her work, 4And oer the sickle bending;girl鐮刀=whatevercf.余音繞梁，三日不絕The poet was carried awa

17、y by her song and almost forgot his journey.5I listend, motionless and still; =overlistening attentively6And, as I mounted up the hill, 7The music in my heart I bore, 8Long after it was heard no more.登上I bore the music in my heart.我把那支樂曲牢記心頭。The girl sang over her work.The solitary reapers song left

18、 an unforgetableimpression on the poets mind.Whateer the theme, the Maiden sang As if her song could have no ending;I saw her singing at her work,And oer the sickle bending;I listened, motionless and still;And, as I mounted up the hill, The music in my heart I bore,Long after it was heard no more.不管

19、她唱的是什么題目，她的歌好像會沒完沒了，我看見她邊唱邊干活，彎著腰，揮動她的鐮刀我一動也不動，聽了許久；后來，當我上山的時候，我把歌聲還記在心上，雖然早已聽不見聲響 Genre:Structure:Rhyme Scheme:Meters:Theme:lyric poem 抒情詩four 8-line stanzas共四節(jié) 每節(jié)八句ababccdd (except lines 1 & 3 in stanzas 1 and 4)iambic tetrameter四音步抑揚格 The poet is fascinated with a Scottish peasant girls beaut

20、iful song.語音，格律語音，格律該詩分四節(jié)，每節(jié)八行，共三十二行，每行大體上包括四個抑揚格的音步，尾韻一般為a b a b c c d d。前四句是隔行押韻，后四前四句是隔行押韻，后四句是兩個對偶句。句是兩個對偶句。 特點：既有規(guī)律又不單調(diào) 節(jié)奏“Reaping and singing by herself;”“Stop here, or gently pass!” “Breaking the silence of the seas” 和 “Long after it was heard no more.”押韻 一四兩節(jié)一三句不押韻 音韻美：重復(fù)同源詞 動詞sings、sang，名詞song及分詞singing等三個同源詞 FIGURES OF SPEECH 反襯 用夜鶯和杜鵑反襯少女歌聲的優(yōu)美 暗喻 、通感 聲音在作者眼中 變?yōu)橛行蔚氖挛?呼語 BEHOLD HER /O LISTEN 反復(fù) 同源詞反復(fù) 類比 少女的歌聲與夜鶯和杜鵑的歌唱 詩人與旅人 及赫布里群島 象征 MOUNT UP THE HILL 象征