非限制性定語從句

1、非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句非限定性定語從句：非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常和主句間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1.which引導的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句的某一部分，that不能用于引導非限制性定語從句eg:Herhouse,whichwasbuiltahundredyearsago,stoodstillintheearthquake.2.有時as也可用作關系代詞3.在非限定性定語從句中，用who,whom代表人，用which代表事物.4.當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。eg：Ch

2、arlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.這本小說很動人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。5.非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞,對其進行修飾,這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，eg：HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這

3、使我心煩?？偨Y：非限制性定語從句只是對主句內容，或先行詞的補充、解釋或附加說明。主句與先行詞或從句之間一般用逗號分開，常常單獨翻譯。沒有它，主句意思仍然完整。引導非限制性定語從句的關系代詞有as，which，who，whom，whose等，作定語從句的主語、賓語、表語及定語。關系副詞有when，where等，作定語從句的狀語。關系代詞和關系副詞在定語從句中一般不能省。注：why不能引導非限制定語從句 My success in business,the reason why he dislikes me（限制性）,has been due to hard work.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語

4、從句限制性定語從句舉例：(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could miss.(2)China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定語從句舉例：(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.(2)China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句區(qū)別：限制性定語從句

5、非限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號和主句隔開用逗號和主句隔開意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語，不能刪除是對先行詞的補充說明，刪除后意思仍完整譯法上翻譯成先行詞的定語，“的”通常翻譯成主句的并列句關系詞的使用上A做賓語時可省略 B、可用that C、可用who代替whom A、不可省 B、不用that C、不用who代替whom要注意區(qū)分以下幾個句子的不同(1)His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college. 他那當醫(yī)生的哥哥常鼓勵他要考上大學。（他還有其他的哥哥）(2)His brother, who is

6、now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.他的哥哥是當醫(yī)生的，常鼓勵他要考上大學。（他只有一個哥哥）介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句 關系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時，從句常由介詞+關系代詞引導(1)The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.=The school in which he once studied is very famous.(2)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you as

7、ked for.=Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(3)Well go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.=Well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1、有些動詞短語一般不拆開使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1)This is the watch which/th

8、at I am looking for. （True)(2)This is the watch for which I am looking. (False)2. 若介詞放在關系代詞前，關系代詞指人時用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時用which，不能用that；關系代詞是所有格時用whose (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T) (2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) (3) The plane in which we flew to Canada

9、is very comfortable. (T) (4) The plane in that we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (F)3、“介詞+關系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞 (1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. (2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gon

10、e bad. (3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 簡單歸納：介詞關系代詞引導的定語從句, 關鍵是判斷介詞的選擇, 方法一是看從句謂語部分缺少什么介詞(習慣搭配), 再則可以通過整個句子整體含義來判斷, 結合生活實際來判斷.關系代詞as和which引導的定語從句由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that.As一般放在句首，which在句中.As we know, smoking is harm

11、ful to ones health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. as和which引導非限制性定語從句，有相同之處也有不同之處。具體情況是： 1as和which都可以在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，代表前面整個句子。(1) He married her, as/which was natural. (2) He was honest, as/which we can see. 2. as 引導非限制性定語從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個主句；which引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。另外

12、，as有“正如，正像”的意思 (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country. （主句之前） (2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent(口音). （主句之后） (3) John, as you know, is a famous writer. (4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I dont believe. 注意：當主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關系時，常用which (5) Tom was

13、 always late for school, which made his teacher angry. 3. 當先行詞受such, the same修飾時，常用as (1) I have never heard such a story as he tells. (2) He is not such a fool as he looks. (3) This is the same book as I lost last week.簡單歸納: as ,which均可以引出非限制性定語從句, 如都指前一句話的意思,二者可以互換。as 引導的從句可以放在句首, as 本身有“正如.，正像”一類

14、的含義，與之連用的詞有know, see, expect, announce, point out等。此外,在the sameas、such.as.中as引導的是限制性定語從句.課堂練習1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which2.Do you know the man _?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _last mo

15、nth.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they stayed4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when D. on which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6.The factory _well visit next we

16、ek is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working.A. where B. that C. which D. there8.This is one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that

17、 you talked9.Can you lend me the book _the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked10.The pen _he is writing is mine.A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which課后練習1.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.A. whom B.

18、who C. which D. that2.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom3.Is there anyone in your class _family is in the country?A. who B. whos C. which D. whose4.Im interested in _you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which5.I want to us

19、e the same dictionary _was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as6.He isnt such a man _he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as7.He is good at English, _we all know.A. that B. as C. whom D. what8.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I w

20、ent D.I went with him9.I dont like _ as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels10.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school.A. which B. that C. whom D. what11.The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who12.In our factory there are 2000 workers, two thirds of _are women.A. them B. which C. whom D. who13.Youre the person _Ive ever met _could do it.A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who14.I lost a book, _I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. t