10濟(jì)南語法十 語法考點(diǎn)剖析

1、語法考點(diǎn)剖析考點(diǎn)一 動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式的根本形式是“to動(dòng)詞原形，否認(rèn)形式是在動(dòng)詞不定式前加not。動(dòng)詞不定式具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，可以有自己的賓語和狀語，但沒有人稱與的變化，在句中也不能作謂語，動(dòng)詞不定式及其賓語和狀語構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語。1作主語動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，可以用動(dòng)名詞交換且常用it作形式主語，把動(dòng)詞不定式后置，常構(gòu)成“Itbeadj.for sb.動(dòng)詞不定式。It's important for us to protect the environment.對(duì)我們來說保護(hù)環(huán)境很重要。2作表語My job is to teach English.我的工作是教英語。3作賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足

2、語1接to do作賓語的動(dòng)詞或短語有want, begin/start, love, forget, remember, teach, decide, agree, seem, would like, plan等。2接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有ask, tell, invite, allow, want, wish, encourage等。3在使役動(dòng)詞make, let, have和感官系動(dòng)詞 feel, look, smell等的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to要省略。help后的不定式可帶to也可不帶to。4作定語I have a lot of homework to do.我有許多

3、家庭作業(yè)要做。動(dòng)詞不定式與所修飾的名詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，假如動(dòng)詞不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后要有相關(guān)的介詞。The cat is easy to take care of.這只貓很容易照顧。5作狀語Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.王太太去上?？此畠?。目的We're glad to meet you here.我們很快樂在這兒見到你。原因He is too tired to work on.他太累了不能繼續(xù)工作了。結(jié)果6“疑問詞動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)造疑問詞who, what, when, where, how, which等后接動(dòng)詞不定式

4、，在句中作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。The teacher is telling the students what to do.老師正告訴學(xué)生們做什么。He didn't know where to gowhere he should go他不知道去哪里。7含動(dòng)詞不定式的特殊句型與短語too. to.太而不能Why don't you do sth.？為什么不做某事？had better do sth.最好做某事prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.寧愿做某事，而不愿做某事make sb. do sth.讓某人做某事be made t

5、o do sth.被迫做某事12019·湖北咸寧中考改編Remember some fruit when you come back.Abuying Bto buyCbuy Dbought22019·湖南長(zhǎng)沙中考改編The weather report says it's going to have a shower this afternoon.It does? We'd better now, just in case.Ato leave BleavingCleave Dleft32019·甘肅張掖中考My two cousins decide

6、 a business together.Ato start BstartingCstart Dstarted42019·黑龍江齊齊哈爾中考改編We set up this group disabled people like Ben Smith.Ahelp Bto helpChelping Dhelps52019·黑龍江綏化中考改編People are supposed hands when they meet for the first time in America.Ashaking Bto shakeCshake Dshook62019·貴州中考Paren

7、ts should always tell their kids with strangers.Anot to talk Bnot talkingCto not talk Dnot talk72019·四川成都中考改編I got up early this morning my grandma at the airport.Ato pick up Bpicking upCpicked up Dpick up82019·四川達(dá)州中考I'd love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework If you don&#

8、39;t go, Ato do; so do I Bto do; nor will ICdoing; so will I Ddo; neither am I92019·四川樂山中考改編Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.Wait a minute. It's dangerous it while crossing the street.Aanswering BanswerCto answer Dto answering102019·廣東中考After long years of war, many people in Syria

9、are homeless. I think it important a peaceful world.Abuild Bnot buildCto build Dnot to build112019·貴州安順中考You should do what you can your English, Li Ming.OK, I will. Thank you, Ms.Hu.Aimprove Bto improveCimproving Dimproved考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞原形­ing構(gòu)成，與如今分詞同形。動(dòng)名詞既有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)可有賓語和狀語，也有名詞的性質(zhì)，可作主語、賓語、表語

10、或定語。1動(dòng)名詞常用構(gòu)造1只能跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞短語有avoid, consider, enjoy, feel like, finish, mind, practice, suggest, be busy doing, be good at doing, be interested in doing, can't help doing, give up doing, make a living by doing, put off doing等。2haven.in doinghave fun in doing, have trouble in doing, have a hard time

11、in doing, have problems/difficulty in doing等。3to doing 構(gòu)造，to是介詞be/get used to doing, look forward to doing, pay attention to doing, prefer doing to doing等。2有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞，但表達(dá)的意義不同。stopforgetremembertryregret12019·預(yù)測(cè)Have you forgotten $1，000 from me last month? Will you please remember it tomo

12、rrow?Aborrowing; to bringBto borrow; to bring Cborrowed; bringingDborrowing; bringing22019·黑龍江龍東中考改編Would you mind here?Of course not. I'll my cigarette at once.Anot smoking; put awayBnot smoking; put outCnot to smoke; put offDnot to smoke; put out32019·預(yù)測(cè)Everyone thinks the problem is

13、 hard, but he has no difficulty the problem. Aworking outBhaving worked outCto have worked outDto work out 42019·湖北黃岡中考Nowadays lots of products from China are very popular in the world.Yeah! Many people can hardly avoid products made in China.Ato buy BbuyingCbought Dbuy52019·預(yù)測(cè)My brother

14、keeps me with my work.Ato help Bhelp Chelping Dhelped62019·預(yù)測(cè)I've enjoyed to talk with you.Ato be able Bbeing ableCto been able Dof being able72019·預(yù)測(cè)Mr. Wang came into the office without the door. Aknock Bknocking at Cto knock at Dknocking to82019·重慶中考Dave is a good boy and he al

15、ways finishes his homework on time.Ado BdidCdoes Ddoing92019·重慶渝北中考There are some people soccer in the park.Aplay BplaysCplaying Dto play102019·江蘇常州中考Why doesn't the Surgeon stop lunch?Because he is too busy a dying patient in the operation room.Ato have; to save Bhaving; to saveCto ha

16、ve; saving Dhaving; saving112019·江蘇淮安中考The research he devotes himself to the farmers have a better harvest is very important.Ahelping Bto helpChelp Dhelped考點(diǎn)三 分詞1如今分詞由“動(dòng)詞原形­ing構(gòu)成，表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)展意義，還具有形容詞的作用，可在句中作表語、定語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語等。The crying girl can't find her mother.那個(gè)正在哭的女孩找不到她媽媽了。定語家庭是幼兒語

17、言活動(dòng)的重要環(huán)境，為了與家長(zhǎng)配合做好幼兒閱讀訓(xùn)練工作，孩子一入園就召開家長(zhǎng)會(huì)，給家長(zhǎng)提出早期抓好幼兒閱讀的要求。我把幼兒在園里的閱讀活動(dòng)及閱讀情況及時(shí)傳遞給家長(zhǎng)，要求孩子回家向家長(zhǎng)朗讀兒歌，表演故事。我和家長(zhǎng)共同配合，一道訓(xùn)練，幼兒的閱讀才能進(jìn)步很快。The story is interesting.這個(gè)故事很有趣。表語I saw him studying in the classroom.我看到他正在教室里學(xué)習(xí)。賓語補(bǔ)足語Studying hard, you will pass the exam.只要你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就會(huì)通過考試。狀語2過去分詞表示被動(dòng)、完成意義，在句中作表語、定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、

18、狀語等。She is very tired.她很疲勞。表語The boy wore a pair of faded jeans.那個(gè)男孩穿了一條褪色的牛仔褲。定語She found the village greatly changed.她發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)村莊變化很大。賓語補(bǔ)足語3如今分詞與過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別。1如今分詞作定語與它所修飾的名詞存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)或者進(jìn)展。a sleeping child一個(gè)正在睡覺的孩子a developing country一個(gè)開展中國(guó)家boiling water正在沸騰的水a(chǎn) surprising look一個(gè)令人吃驚的表情2過去分詞作定語與它

19、所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)或者完成。the novel written by Lu Xun 魯迅寫的那篇小說 a singer surrounded by a group of fans 被粉絲包圍的歌手fallen leaves 落葉a snow­covered city被雪覆蓋的城市12019·黑龍江龍東中考改編I saw Jim into that new building just now.Oh, it's our new library. It to the public for a week.Awalk; has opened Bw

20、alking; has been openCwalking; has opened Dwalks; has been open2I heard him an English song when I passed his room last night.Asing BsingingCsung Dto sing32019·預(yù)測(cè)The novel is great.It's well worth Aread BreadsCreading Dreader42019·預(yù)測(cè)A Christmas Carol is a famous short novel by Charles

21、Dickens.Awritten Bwas writtenCwrote Dwrite52019·四川內(nèi)江中考Bad luck! The film star had her leg while playing a part in the film.Ato break BbreakingCbreak Dbroken參考答案考點(diǎn)一15 BCABB611 AABCDB考點(diǎn)二15 ABABC611 BBDCCA單靠“死記還不行,還得“活用,姑且稱之為“先死后活吧。讓學(xué)生把一周看到或聽到的新穎事記下來,摒棄那些假話套話空話,寫出自己的真情實(shí)感,篇幅可長(zhǎng)可短,并要求運(yùn)用積累的成語、名言警句等,定期檢查點(diǎn)評(píng),選擇優(yōu)秀篇目在班里朗讀或展出。這樣,即穩(wěn)固了所學(xué)的材料,又鍛煉了學(xué)生的寫作才能,同時(shí)還培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的觀察才能、思維才能等