表達(dá)指令和忠告

1、 Unit 10 Health and LeisureLanguage Focus 1Language Focus 1： 表達(dá)指令和忠告表達(dá)指令和忠告Language Focus 2Language Focus 2： 虛擬條件句虛擬條件句1. 祈使句祈使句 祈使句是英語(yǔ)四大句種之一祈使句是英語(yǔ)四大句種之一, 往往不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)往往不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ),多用于表達(dá)指令。在祈使句中使用不帶多用于表達(dá)指令。在祈使句中使用不帶to的動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞不定式，表示頻度的副詞一般放在動(dòng)詞之詞不定式，表示頻度的副詞一般放在動(dòng)詞之前。前。e.g Please open the door. Dont smoke here. Never

2、 go by car when you could walk. Lets go out for a walk.Language Focus 1:表達(dá)指令和忠告表達(dá)指令和忠告注意注意：由于祈使句會(huì)給人以口氣生硬的感覺(jué)，：由于祈使句會(huì)給人以口氣生硬的感覺(jué)，因此要慎用。為了緩和語(yǔ)氣，有禮貌地提出因此要慎用。為了緩和語(yǔ)氣，有禮貌地提出要求，可以使用如下結(jié)構(gòu)：要求，可以使用如下結(jié)構(gòu)：Please could you , Could you, please.If I were you, Id, e.g Please could you open the door? Could you help me wi

3、th my heavy box, please? If I were you, Id like to go with them together.2. 用用should提出忠告，表示提出忠告，表示“應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)該如何” e.g 1). You should look for exercise opportunities all the time. 2). The lunchtime session should be a class. 3). The evening session should combine weights and aerobic machines. 4). The pati

4、ent should not be moved. 5). You should go home now. 6). We should do some exercises every day to keep fit. Language Focus 2: 虛擬條件句虛擬條件句虛擬條件句表示與事實(shí)相反的愿望、假想等。虛擬條件句表示與事實(shí)相反的愿望、假想等。句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：If + 從句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ) + V過(guò)去式，過(guò)去式， 主句主語(yǔ)主句主語(yǔ) + would + V原形原形e.g 1. If I had the time, I would make something better. 2.

5、If I were you, I would buy the new car. 3. If they didnt help me, I wouldnt succeed.注：在虛擬條件句的注：在虛擬條件句的if從句中，從句中， 不論從句主語(yǔ)是什么不論從句主語(yǔ)是什么人稱(chēng)，人稱(chēng)，be動(dòng)詞都常用動(dòng)詞都常用were. 與與ifif引導(dǎo)真實(shí)條件句的區(qū)別引導(dǎo)真實(shí)條件句的區(qū)別 真實(shí)條件句中從句給出的條件是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的，真實(shí)條件句中從句給出的條件是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的， 而虛而虛擬條件句中所給出的條件是與現(xiàn)在情況相反的假設(shè)或是擬條件句中所給出的條件是與現(xiàn)在情況相反的假設(shè)或是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。 1.If you a

6、sk him, he will help you.1.If you ask him, he will help you. 2.If I were you, I would ask her2.If I were you, I would ask her. . 3.If you invite me, I will come to your party. 3.If you invite me, I will come to your party. 4.If I came to your party, Id meet our old 4.If I came to your party, Id meet

7、 our old friendsfriends Unit 11 Health care, and Travel and HealthLanguage Focus 1: Language Focus 2: 進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)分為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)分為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + be(am, is, are) + being + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + be(was, were) + bei

8、ng + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞e.g 1. Last week more than 200 people were being treated in a Glasgow hospital. 2. This investigation is being conducted by the Commission foe Health Improvement. 3. Mikes luggage was being carried by porters.Practice: Activity 4, Activity 5 on P184-185 間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ) 轉(zhuǎn)述他人說(shuō)的話(huà)時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)述他人說(shuō)的話(huà)時(shí)， 可

9、以用直接引語(yǔ)和間接引兩種可以用直接引語(yǔ)和間接引兩種形式。形式。 直引：直引：Tom said, “I am a student.” 間引：間引：Tom said that he was a student.從上述例句中得出如下幾點(diǎn)：從上述例句中得出如下幾點(diǎn)：1. 直接引語(yǔ)帶有引號(hào)，而間接引語(yǔ)沒(méi)有。直接引語(yǔ)帶有引號(hào)，而間接引語(yǔ)沒(méi)有。2. 從直接引語(yǔ)到間接引語(yǔ)可以理解為是一個(gè)去引號(hào)的從直接引語(yǔ)到間接引語(yǔ)可以理解為是一個(gè)去引號(hào)的 過(guò)程。過(guò)程。3. 從直接引語(yǔ)到間接引語(yǔ)需作一系列相應(yīng)的變化。如：從直接引語(yǔ)到間接引語(yǔ)需作一系列相應(yīng)的變化。如： 主語(yǔ)、時(shí)態(tài)等。主語(yǔ)、時(shí)態(tài)等。4. 間接引語(yǔ)在結(jié)構(gòu)上是動(dòng)詞間接

10、引語(yǔ)在結(jié)構(gòu)上是動(dòng)詞say, tell, ask等的賓語(yǔ)等的賓語(yǔ), 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 從句從句that由來(lái)引導(dǎo)由來(lái)引導(dǎo), 有時(shí)可省略。有時(shí)可省略。e.g She said, “I will go to Shanghai .” She said that she would go to shanghai. My sister said to me, “I passed the exam.” My sister told me that she had passed the exam The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east.” The teacher said that the sun rises in the east.注意：如果直接引語(yǔ)中是表示客觀真理、格言、彥語(yǔ)等注意：如果直接引語(yǔ)中是表示客觀真理、格言、彥語(yǔ)等 時(shí)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變。時(shí)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變。 Xiao wang said, “I was