翻譯概論 第六章

1、Chapter 6 The Nature of Translation1.Clarify the term translation: In this book, translation is applied to any material presented in a linguistic form in a source language and represented in a linguistic form in a target language. Therefore, we have translation (written form) interpretation (oral fo

2、rm). Sign language is not included for its visual form, e.g. P76.Models of translationvPreliminary models of translation1) based on interlingual transfers a sender a message a translator a message a recipient2) based on the message a source text a translation process a translation3) based on the act

3、ivity involved encoding decoding mediation encoding decodingSpecific models of translation1.Comprehensive models (P79)vfrom the original text to the translation workvFeatures: the author is inviolate, translation is descriptive and predominantly retrospective2. Process-oriented models Wolfram Wilss

4、(P79) Eugene Nida (P81) Daniel Gile (P82)3. Managerial models Geoffery Samuelsson-Brown (P84)Relay:1.There is no authentic audience in the first rendition, since the only recipient is the interpreter.2.The intermediary translation has an audience, recipients of its own.3.Deviations in translation pr

5、ocess caused by cultural differencesThe original and the autonomous translation1.The source text does not become an original until it has been subjected to a translation process which leads to a target-language produce.2. The creation of a translation (P88)3. Translation as autonomous texts (P89)Coexistence 1. Coexistence of the source text and a translation in another language.2. Coexistence of the translations in different target languages.3. Coexistence of several translations of the same source text.Summary: The author discusses some models of translation and