人教版英語同義句句型轉(zhuǎn)換附練習(xí)及答案

1、WORD式-專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)資料-可編輯英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換（一）.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解（14種類型）一、運(yùn)用同義詞（組）進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換用同義詞或同義詞組對(duì)原句中的某些詞或詞組進(jìn)行替換（又稱“詞語替代法”），注意轉(zhuǎn)換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應(yīng)。如：1. That day we could see flowers here and there.That day we could see flowers.分析：答案為 everywhere o everywhere 與 here and there 者B表示"至U處"。2. The teacher always takes good

2、 care of the children in the school.The teacher always the children well in the school.分析：答案為100ks after。take good care of與look afterwell都表示"好好照顧"。3. The children are wearing beautiful clothes.The children are beautiful clothes.4. Every day,Yao Ming receives E-mails from thousands of baske

3、tball fans.Every day,Yao Ming thousands of basketball fans.5. Mr. Smith is working.Mr. Smith is.答案：1. in 2. hears from 3. at work二、運(yùn)用反義詞（組）的否定式進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換即用反義詞或詞組的否定式表達(dá)與原句相同的意思，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)反義詞（詞組） 的積累和換位思維的能力。如：1. It' s clear that this visit is different from last time.It' s clear that this visit is not

4、 the last time.分析： 答案為 same ag be different from 意為“與不同"；the same as 意為“與相同”,其否定式與 be different from 同義。2. I think wealth is less important than health.Ithink wealth is important than health.分析：答案為 don' t, more。less important的意思是“沒有（不及）重要“ ；more important的意思是"（比）更重要”,該結(jié)構(gòu)與not連用,則表示“不比更重

5、要”。3. Chinese is more popular than Japanese.Japanese is popular Chinese.4. The runner couldn't catch up with the others in the race.The runner the others in the race.5. A computer is more useful than a VCD.A VCD is not useful a computer.答案：4. less, than 5. fell behind 6. as , as另外，有的反義詞即使不與否定詞連用

6、，而只需改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)也可構(gòu)成同義句。如：He lent some money to his friend.He friend some money him.分析： 答案為 borrowed , from。borrow from 意為 “向借" ;lend to 意為“把借給”。兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)意思相反，但若變換“借出者”與“借入者”的位置，則可 轉(zhuǎn)換為同義句。三、運(yùn)用不同語態(tài)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換即運(yùn)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的變化來轉(zhuǎn)換同義詞，但此時(shí)要特別注意時(shí)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞一致性。如：1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.Library bo

7、oks should on time.分析：答案為be given back。被動(dòng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should,因此助動(dòng)詞用 be。2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.Computers widely in the world today.分析：答案為 are, puters是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，助動(dòng)詞用are。3. You must tidy your bedroom every day. fYour bed room must be tidied every day.4.

8、 The farm grows cotton.一 Cotton is grown on the farm. 四、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換即非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，此時(shí)往往會(huì)涉及時(shí)態(tài)的變化。如：1. The manager left two hours ago.The manager for two hours.分析：答案為 has been away。leave為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能與 for two hours這樣的一 段時(shí)間連用，而改成be away這樣的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞后，則可連用一段時(shí)間。2. The film began five minutes ago.The film

9、 has been five minutes.分析：答案為on for。has been提示時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，“for+時(shí)間段”表示"持續(xù) （一段時(shí)間）”，常用在含有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子里。3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.Mr Li the Party for twenty years.答案：has been in。短暫動(dòng)詞join,意為“參加、加入（組織，政黨） “，不能與延續(xù) 時(shí)間狀語連用，與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，將 join改成be in或be a member in - o 五、運(yùn)用不同引語進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換即將直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語

10、或?qū)㈤g接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成直接引語。此時(shí)還要注意相關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)、 人稱、動(dòng)詞、狀語等相應(yīng)的變化。如：1. "I' ve found my wallet,“ he said to me.He me that he his wallet.分析：答案為told, had found。此題是將直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語。2. “ Did you see her last week?” he said.He I had seen her the week.分析：答案為asked if/ whether, before。此題是將疑問句的直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語。 六、運(yùn)用簡單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換即將簡單句變

11、成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的簡單句。（1）.復(fù)合句化為簡單句一般側(cè)重于將從句變化為短語或詞組，使句意簡單明了。用不定式、介詞短語、名詞短語、分詞性短語等替換復(fù)合句中的句子；將賓語從句簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”；將so. . that.,或such. . that .引導(dǎo)的狀語從句簡化為含有too . . to enough .to.簡單句；將if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句簡化為“祈使句，and (or) + 一般將來時(shí)”的句子.(2) .必須注意的是，簡單句變?yōu)閺?fù)合句時(shí)，很多情況下是把賓語擴(kuò)大為賓語從句，從句 中使用一般將來時(shí)或“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”。如：1. We didn ' t go o

12、ut for a walk because it was raining.We didn ' t go out for a walk the rain.分析：答案為 because of。將原因狀語從句 because it was raining改為表示原因的介 詞短語 because of the rain。2. He was so excited that he couldn ' t go to sleep.He was go to sleep.分析：答案為too excited to。將sothat換成tooto結(jié)構(gòu),原句的 that從句為 結(jié)果狀語從句，改寫句中的不定

13、式仍表結(jié)果。3. Now I will show you how to do the work.Now I will show you do the work.分析：答案為how you can。即將原句中的“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語從句。4. You should put them back after you use them.You should put them back them.分析：答案為after using。即將after引導(dǎo)的狀語從句改寫為after引導(dǎo)的介詞短語。5.I hope that I can see you again.fI hope to see you

14、 again.6.Please tell me where we show our tickets.fPlease tell me where to show our tickets.7.If you don't hurry up, you'll miss the early bus.f Hurry up, or you won't catch the early bus.七、運(yùn)用并列句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換即將并列句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的并列句。如：1. Come on, or we ' ll miss the early bus.we hurry,

15、 we ' ll miss the early bus.分析：答案為If, don' t。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.The man gave us a talk last week us another talk this week.分析：答案為 who/ that , will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week 為定語從句，修 飾先彳亍同 the man。八、運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞連接或

16、合并句子即運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞 both and，neither nor- -, either or , not only but also等 將兩個(gè)簡單句合并為一個(gè)簡單句。此時(shí)要注意的是，bothand連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語總是用復(fù)數(shù),而 neither nor，eitheror，not only but also連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng) 詞通常應(yīng)與靠近的主語保持一致。如：1 . Tom can' t speak Japanese well and Jim can' t, either.Tom Jim can speak Japanese well.分析：答案填 Neither, nor

17、。neithernor表示"和(兩者)者B不”,剛好與原句的兩個(gè)否定結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相吻合。2 . Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.Alice Peter have read the book.分析：答案為 Both, and。both and的意思是”和（兩者）者。3 . This store sells men' s shoes, and it also sells men' s clothes.This store sells men' s shoes men' s clothes.

18、分析：答案為not only, but also。表示“不僅而且”之意。4 .He hasn't been to France. She hasn't been to France, either.fNeither he nor she has been to France.5 .The roon isn't very big. It can't hold a lot of people.fThis room isn't big enough to hold a lot of people.6 .Mrs Smith is my teacher. She

19、is also my good friend.fMrs Smith is not only my teacher but also my good friend.九、變成含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句首先要判斷所給句子是哪一類型（陳述句、特殊疑問句還是一般疑問句），然后確定所需要的連詞，同時(shí)必須注意時(shí)態(tài)的對(duì)應(yīng)和陳述句語序。7 .She missed us very much. She told us.fShe told us that she missed very much.8 .Is Mr Nobel a teacher? Could you tell me?fCould you tell me i

20、f Mr Nobel is a teacher?3 .Where's the foreigner from? He asked.一 He asked where the foreigner is from.十、用以it作形式主語的句型進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者一般是句子的主語，但有時(shí)卻不是，這時(shí)不定式常會(huì)帶上自己的邏輯主語，這一主語通常由介詞for引出。4 .He can finish the work easily.fIt is easy for him to finish the work.5 .He found to sleep was very difficult.fHe

21、 found it was very difficult for him to sleep.6 .To learn English well is not easy.fIt is not easy to learn English well.十一、利用某些典型句式或結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換這類典型結(jié)構(gòu)如 sothat,tooto,enough to , not - until , so do I等。要在 把握句意的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)原句進(jìn)行概括表達(dá)，遇到困難要多換個(gè)角度去思考，需要反復(fù)推敲才行。如：1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boati

22、ng, too.Jim wants to go boating, and his parents.分析：答案為so do。句意為“他的父母也一樣（一樣想去）2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.John go to bed he finished his homework.分析：答案為didn ' t, until。notuntil意為"直到才"。特別提示：so. that., too. to enough . to.是初中英語教材中三 個(gè)重要的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，在一定條件下它們可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。so. . tha

23、t.與 enough . to.的轉(zhuǎn)換當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的從句是肯定的，從句主語與主句主語相同時(shí)，so. . . that .可轉(zhuǎn)化為enough . . . to.結(jié)構(gòu)；若從句主語與主句主語不相同時(shí)，so. . that.可轉(zhuǎn)化為enoughfor sb. to . 結(jié)構(gòu).Tom is so old that he can go to school.fTom is old enoughto go to school.The box is so light that the child can lift it.fThe box is light enough for the child to li

24、ft.so. . . that .可轉(zhuǎn)化為so. . . that.可轉(zhuǎn)化為（副詞）要用其相應(yīng)的反當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的從句是否定的，從句主語與主句主語相同時(shí)， enough . to .否定結(jié)構(gòu)；若從句主語與主句主語不相同時(shí)， enough for sb. to .否定結(jié)構(gòu)，但須注意的是，轉(zhuǎn)換后的形容詞 義詞。The man is so old that he can't go to work.fThe man isn't youny enough to go to work.The desk is so heavy that I can't move it.fThe de

25、sk isn't light enough for me to move.so. . that.與 too . to .轉(zhuǎn)換so. . . that .可轉(zhuǎn)化為so. . . that.可轉(zhuǎn)化為 too. . for當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的從句是否定的，從句主語與主句主語相同時(shí), too . to .結(jié)構(gòu)；若從句主語與主句主語不相同時(shí)， sb. to .結(jié)構(gòu)。He is so young that he can't go to school.fHe is too young to go to school.The box is so heavy that I can't mov

26、e it.fThe box is too heavy for me to move.enough . to. 與 too . to . 轉(zhuǎn)換enough . . . to.句式為否定式時(shí)，可以轉(zhuǎn)換為too . . . to.結(jié)構(gòu)，但轉(zhuǎn)換后的結(jié)構(gòu)中too . to.的形容詞（副詞）要用其相應(yīng)的反義詞。He is not old enough to do the job.f He is too young to do the job.Tom didn't walk slowly enough for us to keep up with him.fTom walked too fast f

27、or us to keep up with him.十二、用同義句改寫英語中有很多意義相同（相近）但結(jié)構(gòu)不同的句型、句式，這些句型大多是學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)常見的有：not as . as .與比較級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換；than any other與最高級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換； when（after, before）弓I導(dǎo)的從句與 not. . until 的轉(zhuǎn)換； 瞬間動(dòng)詞（come, go, leave, buy , die, take, cost, spend, pay forbegin, borrow .）的過去時(shí)與含有一段時(shí)間狀語的完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換;的轉(zhuǎn)換；詢問價(jià)格的幾個(gè)句型的互相轉(zhuǎn)換； 的轉(zhuǎn)換等。what引起的感嘆句與h

28、ow引起的感嘆句She spent 30 dollars on the English -Chinese dictionary.fThe English -Chinese dictionary cost her 30 dollars.f She paid 30 dollars for the English -Chinese dictionary.f She spent 30 dollars buying the English -Chinese dictionary. How clever the man is!fWhat a clever man he is!How old are you

29、?一 What's your age?W e came home when it was six o'clock.fWe didn't come home until/ before it was six o'clock. 十三、用派生詞或一詞多義改寫此類題型可采用“詞類轉(zhuǎn)化法”，利用某些派生詞或詞性相異的詞組來代替原句中的某些成 分，此時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般會(huì)隨之發(fā)生一些變化。例如：The snow was heavy last night.fIt snowed heavily last night.The foreigners have visited the Gr

30、eat Wall.fThe foreigners have been on a visit to the Great Wall.十四、用介詞短語改寫My brother went to college when he was seventeen.f My brother went to college at the age of seventeen.Tommy didn't have breakfast and went to school. fTommy went to school without having breakfast.I usually walk to school.

31、fI usually go to school on foot.十五、形容詞、副詞三種等級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換e.g. Henry is taller than the other students in our class.=Henry is the tallest student in our class.此類題目需要學(xué)生能夠熟悉形容詞、副詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)律，能夠靈活運(yùn)用一些有關(guān)形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，如：（1） more and more，（2） the +比較級(jí)+of the two ；（3）The +比較級(jí)- , the +（另一詞）比較級(jí)-。特別要清楚表示最高級(jí)范圍的結(jié)構(gòu)，如： （1） i

32、n+組織/單位，（2） of +與主語同類別的人或物。表示排除主語的結(jié)構(gòu)，如： （10） the other + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)；（2） any other +名詞單數(shù)。表示相同性質(zhì)比較的結(jié)構(gòu)，as+形容詞/副詞（原級(jí)）+as; not as/so - as -.o解題時(shí)注意交換句子主語，用反義詞進(jìn)行改寫；或者用比較級(jí)表示 最高級(jí)含義。十六、“祈使句+and/or”結(jié)構(gòu)與if條件狀語從句間的轉(zhuǎn)換e.g. If you run a little faster, you' ll catch up with your classmates.=Run faster, and you ' ll

33、 catch up with your classmates.此類題目要注意句子的肯定與否定，正確使用 and和or。 十七、陳述句與感嘆句及兩種形式感嘆句間的轉(zhuǎn)換e.g. The boy drew a very beautiful flower.=How beautiful a flower the boy drew1=What a beautiful flower the boy drew!此類題目要求學(xué)生能夠完全掌握what和how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句的構(gòu)成，并能靈活運(yùn)用。（二）.句型轉(zhuǎn)換專練（附答案）A.將下列句子改為否定句。（每空一詞）I.They are cleaning the clas

34、sroom.Theycleaning the classroom.1.1 can find my watch.Ifind my watch.1.5 he is wearing a sweater today.Shewearing a sweater today.4. There are some bananas on the table.There arebananas o n the table.5. There is a bottle and a glass under the chair. There a bottle a glass under the chair.6. She can

35、 speak a little Chinese now.She speak a little Chinese now.7. He has tea in the afternoon.He tea in the afternoon.8. They know me very well.They me very well.9. My sister likes meat very much.My sister meat very much.10. I think he is right.I he right.11. Please put these books in the box. these boo

36、ks in the box.12. I want some milk.I milk.13. Go to the classroom.to the classroom.14. There are some apples in the basket. There apples in the basket.15. They are watching TV now.They watching TV now.B.將下列句子改為一般疑問句。（每空一詞）1 .There is a river in the picture.a river in the picture?2 .There are some bo

37、ys in the room.boys in the room?3 .They are singing over there. over there?1.1 am in Class Two.in Class Two?5. Tom and Jim stay in China now.Tom and Jim stay in China now?6. He likes meat a lot.he meat a lot?7. Americans speak American English. Americans American English?8. The boy has many friends.

38、 the boy many friends?9. Lin Tao often does his homework at 7 : 00.Lin Tao often his homework at 7:00?10. He buys some eggs every week.heeggs every week?11. Miss Gao often buys things in the shop.Miss Gao often things in the shop?12. Jim usually has breakfast at six in the morning. Jim usually break

39、fast in the morning?13. Han Mei is doing her homework at home.Han Mei her homework at home?14. Lily and Lucy want some apples.Lily and Lucy want apples?15. They are buying a lot of things from the shop. they a lot of thongs from the shop?C對(duì)劃線部分提問。（每空一詞）1 .There are forty students in our class. stude

40、ntsin your class?2 .She is making cakes. she?3. This is Jim's bedroom. bedroomthis?4. The yellow coat is hers. coat is hers?5. This shirt is white.is this shirt?6. Tom can speak Chinese and English （寸劃線部分提問） language can Tom speak?7. The twins come from the U.S.A（同上） the twins come from?8. I lik

41、e these postcards very much.you like these postcards?1.1 like the pictures in this book.you like in this book?10. We teach them English.teach them English?11. We go out on Sundays.you go out?12. My sister likes bread very much.your sister like bread?13. She doesn't like rice or noodles at all.sh

42、e like at all?14. The boy has many friends. friends the boy?15. There are nineteen students in my class. students are there in your class?16. They like to eat different kinds of food. they to eat?17.I am learning English now. you now?18.They teach me Chinese at home.they you English?19.I learn Chine

43、se at school.you learn Chinese?20.Our Chinese teacher's name is Joy Wang.is your Chinese teacher ' s name?21. She likes to have rice for every meal.she to have fro every meal?22. I like the dining room very much because I like eating. you dinning room very much?23. They like to eat different

44、 kinds of food. they to eat?24.I usually go to school at this time.you usually to school?1.1 I want to finish my homework. you want to?26 .He usually has lunch at 7 : 00. does he lunch?27 .They leave school at six o'clock. they at six o' clcok?28 .Jim goes to school every day.Jim every day?2

45、9 . Kate gets up at six in the morning on weekdays. Kate up in the morning on weekdays?30 . He wants to eat some bread. he to eat?31 .The shop sells books and school things. the shop?32 .Tom has eggs and meat for lunch. Tom for lunch?33 . The fish is six yuan a kilo. the fish?34 .Mr Read would like

46、two kilos of fish? kilos of fish Mrs Read ?35.I want to buy two kilos of meat.you want資料分享36. We can buy many things in the shop. buy many things?37. My sister wants three pears.（提問） pears does sister want?38. The man on the bike is Kates father.is Kate's father?39. The children are listening to

47、 the teacher. the children?40. I like China very much.you China?D.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（每空一詞）：1. Bike is short for bicycle.Bike is saying bicycle.2. It took Mary an hour to do her homework last night. Mary an hour her homework last night.3. They made him work 12 hours a day. He12 hours a day.4. I am a League member

48、. He is a League member,too. he I League members.5. He is so young that he can't join the army.He is young the army.6. The player smiled and jumped into the river.The player jumped into the river.7. Mr. Brown left London six years ago.Mr.BrownLondon for six years.8. The earth is bigger than the

49、moon.The moon isthe earth.9. He is one of my friends. He is a friend.10. The teacher told us that we should not meet at the school gate. The teacher told us at the school gate.11. I have something to tell you. It's interesting.I have to tell you.12. I saw them playing basketball there. I saw they basketball there.13. Listen carefully,and you'll become more interested. listen carefully, you'll become more interested.14. She has been a nurse for five years.Itshe became a nurse.15. All are here, but our English teacher