高中英語語法-分詞上課講義

1、分詞的用法高中英語語法-分詞分詞的用法語態(tài)語態(tài)形式形式及物動詞及物動詞writeVi. go主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分詞分詞一般式一般式writingbeing writtengoing完成式完成式having writtenhaving been writtenhaving gone過去分詞過去分詞writtengone說說 明明及物動詞過去分詞有被動及完成的意義，不及物動及物動詞過去分詞有被動及完成的意義，不及物動詞的過去分詞沒有被動的意義。詞的過去分詞沒有被動的意義。分詞的否定形式由分詞的否定形式由 not + 分詞構(gòu)成。分詞構(gòu)成。分詞在句中作定語、狀語、

2、表語和補(bǔ)語。分詞在句中作定語、狀語、表語和補(bǔ)語。對比兩類動詞、兩種分詞形式的兩類動詞、兩種分詞形式的分詞的用法Crusoe hurried home, looking behind as he went.Laughing and talking, they went out of the hall.Did you notice his hand shaking?2. 現(xiàn)在分詞完成式主動語態(tài)：表示分詞的動作在謂語動詞的動作之前已經(jīng)現(xiàn)在分詞完成式主動語態(tài)：表示分詞的動作在謂語動詞的動作之前已經(jīng)完成。完成。eg.Having finished his breakfast, he took his f

3、ishing things and went into his boat.Not having done it right, I tried again.分詞的用法3. 現(xiàn)在分詞一般式被動語態(tài)：表示一個(gè)被動動作正在進(jìn)行。現(xiàn)在分詞一般式被動語態(tài)：表示一個(gè)被動動作正在進(jìn)行。eg.The car being repaired belongs to Mr. Smith.4. 現(xiàn)在分詞完成式被動語態(tài)：表示分詞的動作在謂語動詞的動作之前已經(jīng)現(xiàn)在分詞完成式被動語態(tài)：表示分詞的動作在謂語動詞的動作之前已經(jīng)完成完成。eg.The large building being built down the stree

4、t will be a hospital.Having been shown the labs, we were taken to see the library.Having been questioned, the murderer was thrown into prison.分詞的用法 過去分詞只有一個(gè)形式，過去分詞只有一個(gè)形式， 及物動詞的過去分詞有完成和被動的意義；及物動詞的過去分詞有完成和被動的意義；不及物動詞的過去分詞只表示完成的意義，而沒有被動的意義。不及物動詞的過去分詞只表示完成的意義，而沒有被動的意義。 eg.The visitors looked surprised.A

5、re you married or single?She had her hair dressed yesterday.You may have your work done if you are too busy.Heated, water will change into steam.Encouraged by his teachers words, Robby tried again and succeeded in the end.過去分詞過去分詞分詞的用法分詞和分詞短語的用法分詞和分詞短語的用法1. 作作定語定語 單純分詞作定語前置，分詞短語作定語后置單純分詞作定語前置，分詞短語作定

6、語后置。eg.Ask the children to keep away from the running machine.The man giving a talk is a professor from the USA.Miss Green is a teacher loved by all the students.The boy crying there lost his way home.The boiling water is giving out steam.The people injured in the accident last week are still in hos

7、pital.分詞的用法Living in the next door, I know him very well.Not knowing what to do, he turned to his father.Having been set free, the doctor discovered the terrible wrongs that the nobles had done to the poor.The man got on a taxi, taking a suitcase in his hand.Surrounded by a lot of newsmen, the mayor

8、 of the city felt he had to say something.Deeply moved by the story, their eyes were full of tears.Helped by her friend, she worked out the problem in the end.表示時(shí)間、伴隨、方式、原因等。表示時(shí)間、伴隨、方式、原因等。eg.2. 作作狀語狀語分詞的用法3. 作作表語表語說明主語怎么樣。說明主語怎么樣。 eg.The whole family felt excited about Grandpas arrival.The story so

9、unds very exciting.The little boy seemed frightened.He was so excited at the good news that he could hardly fall asleep.That they had won the game was surprising.What the father had said was really encouraging.People of the whole country were encouraged when they heard the news that their army had defeated the enemy.分詞的用法4. 作作賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)充說明賓語怎么樣或正在做什么。補(bǔ)充說明賓語怎么樣或正在做什么。 eg.I often see him doing morning exercises in the open air.He could feel his heart beating very fast.He went to his office early only to find it broken into.Have you had your temperature taken? The computer doesnt wo