2019屆高考英語(yǔ)(通用版)二輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法填空專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練：語(yǔ)法填空訓(xùn)練1(含解析)(20220121161949)

1、專(zhuān)題四語(yǔ)法填空訓(xùn)練 1A(2019 東北三省四市一模)The choices people make can cause can cer.Not every one who 1 (use) tobacco products will getcancer, but the cha nee of gett ing certa in2 (type) of cancer in creases withtobacco use.The recent research 3 (show) us that the con sta nt misuse or overuse of alcohol may cause

2、cancer of the mouth and throat as well recen tly.Sometimes cancer can be caused by radiati on 4 (find) in sun light and X rays, in additi on 5other places.This does nt mean you should stop getti ng X rays or stay in doors,but limit ing your 6 (expose) to radiati on can reduce the cha nces of develop

3、 ing can cer.The X rays youget at 7 doctors or den tists office are not 8 (typical) eno ugh to cause cancer.And sometimes, the reas on9 some one gets cancer is simply an unfortun atemystery.Some cells in the body may start to in crease and cha nge.Doctors and researchers can see ithappe ning,10 they

4、 cannot provide a descripti on of why it started.本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了一些可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致患癌的原因，如吸煙、喝酒、陽(yáng)光和X射線輻射，但這并不絕對(duì)。所以有些人患癌的原因仍是一個(gè)謎。1.uses 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此句為關(guān)系代詞who 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為 不定代詞“ every on e”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)；且此處陳述一般事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填 use& 2.types 考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：患某些類(lèi)型癌癥的概率會(huì)隨著煙草的使用而增大。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填types。3.has shown 考查動(dòng)

5、詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：最近的研究已經(jīng)向我們證明酗酒或過(guò)度地飲酒可能也會(huì)導(dǎo)致口腔癌和咽喉癌。句中含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“recently”，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填hasshown。4.found 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：有時(shí)癌癥是由于陽(yáng)光和X 射線的輻射引起的 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞 find 在句中為非謂語(yǔ)，與其邏輯主語(yǔ)radiation 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。故填found。5. to考查固定短語(yǔ)。 in addition to為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“除.之外”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填to。6.exposure 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空格前的your可知，此處為形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。故填 expose 的名詞形式 exposur

6、e。7.the 考查冠詞。 句意：你在醫(yī)院或牙科診所里照的X 射線通常不足以引起癌癥。 at thedoctors 是固定搭配，意為在醫(yī)院”。故填冠詞the。8.typically 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？?格 處 修 飾 形 容 詞enough”，應(yīng)用 typical 的副詞形式。故填 typically。9. why 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：有時(shí)一些人患癌癥的原因僅僅只是一個(gè)不幸的謎團(tuán)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代先行詞 reason,在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。 故填 why。10.but 考查連詞。句意：醫(yī)生和研究者能夠觀察到它正在發(fā)生，但是他們無(wú)法解釋它開(kāi)始的原因?？崭袂昂鬄檗D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填

7、but。B(2019 合肥三模)Baidu is not a doctorWhen people11(face) with a health or nutrition question, its _ 12(in creas ing) com mon to go on li ne and diag no se(診斷)themselves.But the Internet is full of con flict inghealth warnings with no regulati on to get rid of the wrong advice, some of which _13 (be)

8、 extremely dangerous!Also, search engines rank results by popularity rather tha n14 (accurate), so solid factscan be tricky to findts worth 15 (check) if the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as anexpert.Anyone can call16 (they) a “dietexpert，“nutritionist ”andeven a “ doctor given it

9、could refer to qualifications like a PhD.But remember, only officially17_(recognise) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical_18(suggest). So if youre unsure and still wondering19 the chocolate diet really does work ornot, then it pays to make 20appointment with your d

10、ietitian or doctor.The truth is outthere, and you just n eed to look in the right place!本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。當(dāng)很多人有健康或營(yíng)養(yǎng)方面的問(wèn)題時(shí)，他們會(huì)直接去百度搜索，自我診斷。這其實(shí)是不科學(xué)的，因?yàn)樗阉饕娴慕Y(jié)果是按照受歡迎的程度而不是按照準(zhǔn)確性來(lái) 排序的。因此百度不是醫(yī)生，遇到問(wèn)題，最好和醫(yī)生預(yù)約，去該去的地方。11.are faced 考查固定搭配和動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。be faced with.是固定搭配，意為面對(duì)”。people 為集合名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；又因全文時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填are faced

11、。12.increasingly 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處用increasing的副詞形式修飾形容詞common”。故填 increasingly。13.is 考查主謂一致。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， 本句的主語(yǔ)是 some of which ”，which 指代前面的不可數(shù)名詞 advice”，故空格處應(yīng)用 be 動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)形式。此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。14. accuracy 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：同時(shí)，搜索引擎的排位結(jié)果是按受歡迎程度而不是按準(zhǔn)確性.空格處和前面的名詞popularity 并列，故應(yīng)用名詞形式。故填accuracy。15.checking 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。be worth doi

12、ng sth.是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為值得做某事”。 故填checking。16.themselves 考查代詞。 句意：任何人都可自稱(chēng)為飲食專(zhuān)家，營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家. call on eself.意為自稱(chēng).”。故填themselves。17.recognised 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處表示官方認(rèn)可的，邏輯主語(yǔ)doctors和動(dòng)詞“ecog nise 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其過(guò)去分詞形式。 18.suggestion考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換和名詞的復(fù)數(shù)?？崭裉幾鞣侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞giving 的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用 名詞形式，指只有被官方認(rèn)可的醫(yī)生才有資格給出醫(yī)學(xué)建議，因此用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填suggestions。19.whether/if 考查

13、賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果你不確定，仍然想知道巧克力飲食是否會(huì)起作用. 賓語(yǔ)從句成分完整，在 wondering 后面表示不確定，拿不準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)用 whether/if,意為是否”。故填 whether/if。20. an 考查冠詞。此處表示和醫(yī)生預(yù)約，是泛指概念。appointment 是可數(shù)名詞，且其讀音以元音音素開(kāi)頭。故填an。C(2019 武漢調(diào)研)The Chinese Garden of Friendship was built as a beautiful symbol of friendship_21Sydney in the State of New South Wales and G

14、uan gzhou in the prov ince of Guangdong, Chin a(sistercities of sister states), to mark Australias bice ntenary in 1988.The garden22 (design) and built by Chinese Iandscape architects and gardeners23_(follow) the Taoist principles of “Yin Yang” and the five opposite elements earth, fire, water,metal

15、 and wood.These principles also stress the24 (important) of Qi, the centralforce of life and en ergy.Yin Yang 25 (play) such a vital role that just one missing element would disrupt( 擾舌 L ) the13.is 考查主謂一致。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， 本句的主語(yǔ)是 some of which ”，which 指代前面gardens harmony and balanee.However, when26(combin

16、e) perfectly, the five elementsform a fluid and nu rturi ng en vir onment. Everyth ing you encoun ter in the garde n has bee n hand picked and very carefully placed to capture the five eleme nts and the en ergy of Qi.Unlike western style garde ns, there are no pla nted flowerbeds 27 n eatly cut lawn

17、s.lnstead,wild 28 (aspect) of nature are recreated in Iandscapes29 featurewaterfalls , mountains, lakes and forests.The art of Chinese Garden design began in imperial parks during the Shang Dynasty 3, 000years ago.Darling Harbours Chinese Garden of Friendship is a small scale version of a _30(type)p

18、rivate garde n from this time.本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了象征友誼的中國(guó)園林的設(shè)計(jì)原理和風(fēng)格，以及園林里的一些特色風(fēng)景。21. between 考查連詞。between.and.意為在.和.之間”，此處指作為兩個(gè)城市之間友誼的象征，符合語(yǔ)境。故填between。22. was designed 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這座花園是由中國(guó)的景觀設(shè)計(jì)師和園藝家設(shè)計(jì)修建的。主語(yǔ) The garden與 design之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處是陳述過(guò)去 發(fā)生的事情，因此應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was designed。23. following 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

19、詞。此處指景觀設(shè)計(jì)師和園林師遵循道家的陰陽(yáng)法則。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“architects and gardeners與動(dòng)詞 follow 之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用 follow 的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。24. importance 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：陰陽(yáng)和五行強(qiáng)調(diào)氣的重要性，它是生命和能量的主要力量。根據(jù)詞法知識(shí)可知，此處應(yīng)用important 的名詞形式作動(dòng)詞 stress 的賓語(yǔ)，且用定冠詞 the 修飾。故填 importanee。25. plays 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：陰陽(yáng)起著如此關(guān)鍵的作用，以至于一個(gè)要 素的缺失都會(huì)擾亂花園的和諧與平衡。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該句陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，因

20、此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)Yin Yang 是抽象名詞，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。故填 plays。26. combined 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)五個(gè)要素完美結(jié)合時(shí)，就形成了一個(gè)流動(dòng)的培養(yǎng)環(huán)境。此處 when 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句主語(yǔ)fhe five elements 與動(dòng)詞 combine 之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其中主語(yǔ)和be 動(dòng)詞可省略。故填 combined。27. or 考查連詞。句意：與西式風(fēng)格的花園不同，這個(gè)花園里沒(méi)有種植花圃和修剪整齊的草坪。在否定句中表示“和用連詞or。28.aspects考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)下文中的are recreated可知主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)。

21、 故填 aspects29. that/which 考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這些風(fēng)景以瀑布、大山、湖泊和森林為特色。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞“andscapes”，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用 that 或 which 引導(dǎo)。30.typical 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空格前的a和空格后的 private garden 可知，此處應(yīng)用 形容詞作定語(yǔ)，故填 typical。(2019 南昌二模)I want to talk about Miss Smith, a history teacher I had at sec on dary school31 I wasabout 15

22、.Most of the teachers I had were OK,32 they gave the feeli ng that it was just ajob.It seemed that Miss Smith really 33 (love) both history and teach ing it.One of the 34 (good) things about her less ons was that we did nt always have to study in anordinary way.For example, rather tha n write an art

23、icle for homework, usually we were allowed 35_ (work)with a friend to write an imaginary dialogue between two historical _ 36(figure) . Then we could perform it for the class.I thi nk Miss Smith in flue need me in two importa nt ways.Firstly, she made me_37(in terest) in history.Now I still read boo

24、ks on history and watch TV programs about it whe n I get the chanee. 38(sec on d), she showed me how a teacher can use the stude nts own creativity tohelp them lear n.ln stead39 just being a kind of audie nee for less ons, we were in volved in40_ (decide) what happe ned in the less ons.本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹

25、了作者的初中歷史老師。該老師與眾不同，總是讓課堂充滿(mǎn)樂(lè)趣并布置學(xué)生喜歡的作業(yè)，從而贏得了學(xué)生的愛(ài)戴。31.when 考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Smith 老師是作者 15 歲上中學(xué)時(shí)的一個(gè)歷史老師；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處在句中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故填when。32.but 考查連詞。根據(jù)空格前的were OK及下文中的itwas just a job可知，作者的大部分老師都很好，但是他們給人的感覺(jué)是教書(shū)只是一份工作，空格前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故填 but。33.loved 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。文章總體時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填loved。34. best考查形容詞的最高級(jí)?！皁ne of + the+形容詞最高

26、級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為. 中最的一個(gè)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指她上課最大的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是不總是用常規(guī)的方式教學(xué)。故填 best。35.to work 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。allow sb.to do sth.意為允許某人做某事”，為固定搭配。 故填to work。36.figures考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)空格前的two可知，此處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞figure 的復(fù)數(shù) 形式。故填 figures。37. interested 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。“ make sb. +形容詞”意為使某人.”，此處指使作者對(duì)歷史感興趣。故填interestedo38.Secondly 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)上文中的Firstly 可知，此處應(yīng)填

27、Secondly。注意首字母大寫(xiě)。39.of 考查介詞。in stead of 意為“代替，而不是”。故填of。40.deciding 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞in 后接動(dòng)名詞形式。故填deciding。E(2019 濟(jì)南模擬)A computer program has beate n a huma n champi on at the ancient Chin ese board game, Go.ltmarked an important advanee for the 41 (develop) of artificial intelligence.The program, 42_ (cal

28、l)AlphaGo, had taught itself how to win.lt beat the Europea n champi on in all five games of a match inOctober.The developers say 43 (it) learning ability may someday let computers help solve real worldproblems.Those could include making medical diagnoses and 44_ (con duct) scie ntific research.Prev

29、iously computers have beat humans in other 45 (game). But among classic games, Go haslong been viewed as the most challenging for artificial intelligence to master.Go originated in China more than 2 , 500 years ago. 46 game involves two players who take turnsputt ing markers on a checkerboard like g

30、rid.The object is to surro und more area on the board with themarkers than ones opponent(對(duì)手).Players obtain the opponents pieces _47 surrounding them.Therules are simple, 48play ing it is no t.lts probably the most complexgame ever created by huma ns.Martin Mueller, a computing science professor, 49

31、 (work) on Go programs for 30 years.He said thenew program “is really a big step up from everything else 50 weve seen.lts a very impressive piece ofwork. ”本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序在中國(guó)古代棋盤(pán)游戲中擊敗了一個(gè)人類(lèi)冠軍，這標(biāo)志著人工智能發(fā)展的一個(gè)重大進(jìn)步。41.development 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：它標(biāo)志著人工智能發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要進(jìn)步。定冠詞 the 修飾名詞，所以應(yīng)用develop 的名詞形式 development。the

32、development of.意為.的發(fā)展”，為固定搭配，符合語(yǔ)境。故填development。42.called考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為had taught”，所以空格處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式；且動(dòng)詞 call 與其邏輯主語(yǔ) The program 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以 應(yīng)用 call的過(guò)去分詞形式。故填called。43.its 考查代詞。句意：研發(fā)人員說(shuō)，未來(lái)某天它的學(xué)習(xí)能力可能會(huì)使計(jì)算機(jī)幫助解決現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)填 it 的形容詞性物主代詞 its 來(lái)修飾 learni ng ability”。44.conducting 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù) a

33、nd 連接兩個(gè)并列成分及and前的 making 可知， 空格處應(yīng)用 con duct 的動(dòng)名詞形式，與 mak ing 并列作動(dòng)詞 include 的賓語(yǔ)。故填 con ducti ng。45.games 考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：之前在其他的游戲中，電腦已經(jīng)擊敗了人類(lèi)。other為形容詞，意為“其他的”，表泛指，其后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填46.The 考查冠詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本句中的game”特指上文中提到的Go 這個(gè)游戲。故填定冠詞 the。47. by 考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，游戲玩家通過(guò)圍住對(duì)手的棋子來(lái)贏棋。表示“方式， 手段”應(yīng)用介詞 by，后接動(dòng)名詞。48. but 考查連詞。句意：(比賽

34、的)規(guī)則很簡(jiǎn)單，但比賽(的過(guò)程)并不簡(jiǎn)單。根據(jù)句意可知，空格前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。49.has worked 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：MartinMueller 是一名計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)教授，他研究Go 這個(gè)游戲已經(jīng)有三十年了。根據(jù)空格后的for 30 years可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填has worked。50.that 考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為 everything ”，在從句中作動(dòng)詞See”的賓語(yǔ)；由于先行詞為不定代詞，只能用 that 引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。F(2019 福州質(zhì)檢)In China, the history of people plant

35、ing and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7, 000games。years.As early as the Shang Dyn asty, bamboo was being used in an cie nt peoples daily lives .It wasused for food, cloth ing, hous ing, tran sportati on, 51 (music) in strume nts and eve n weap ons.The52(apply) of bamboo in scie nce and tec

36、h no logy is thrilli ng.In 251 BC, Li Bin g, inSichuan,53(lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigationn etwork in the world, in which bamboo played54 importa nt role.The worlds oldest waterpipe was also 55 (make) of bamboo.Duri ng the Han Dyn asty, the people in Sichua n_56(success) sank a 1, 600 metre deep well with thick bamboo ropes.This tech no logy did not spreadto Europe 57the 19th cen tury, and it was by using the tech no logy58 theAmerica ns drill