選修八-重點短語句型(共6頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Book 8 Unit 1 A land of diversityPart 1 課文知識點歸納專心-專注-專業(yè)1. have the distinction of 有與眾不同之處2. live on 繼續(xù)存在（生存）3. by means of 用辦法，借助4. in addition (to) 除之外，加之5. fight against 與作斗爭6. declare war on / upon 對宣戰(zhàn)7. in the early1800s 在19世紀初8. in and around 內(nèi)外，以內(nèi)及周邊9. make a life 習慣新的生活、工作方式等10.

2、by the time 到時為止11. of ones own 屬于自己的12. keep up 沿襲，保持，堅持13. back to back 背靠背14. team up with 與合作或一起工作15. mark out 劃線， 標出界限16. take in 包括(含)，吸收(引)，理解，了解17. a great / good many 許多18. apply for 申請，請求19. consist of 由組成20. be shaped like 形狀像21. draw a distinction betweenand 把.和區(qū)分開來22. be on holiday 在休假2

3、3. give ones love /regards to sb.代向某人問好24. make comments / about /on/ upon sth. 對發(fā)表評論25. go exploring 去探險26. be exhausted 筋疲力盡的27. a tourist area 旅游區(qū)28. take ferry to 渡船到29. feel like doing sth 喜歡做某事30. have a good view of 把盡收眼底31. rather than 而不是32. grasp the opportunity of 抓住的機會33. a two-way activ

4、ity 一次互動的活動34. the Immigration Service 移民局35. due to 由于，因為36. a credit card 信用卡37. further ones studies 進修， 深造38. be responsible for 對負責39. be controversy over / about 對爭議40. without doubt 毫無疑問41. take over 接任，接收42. react to 對作出反應句型: 1. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in Cali

5、fornia at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而， 可能美洲土著人至少一萬五千年前就生活在加利福尼亞。 It is likely that.句型中的It為形式主語，that引導真正的主語從句。2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 人

6、們相信，過不了多久，國籍間相混的程度將非常大, 以至于不再有大的種族和文化團體，而僅僅是一個多種種族和文化的混合體。 It is said / believed / thought / supposed / guessed / reported / hoped / expected / concluded / announced / arranged that 后接主語從句構成常用句型，it 為形式主語。 (1). 據(jù)說多喝純凈水有益健康. _ (2). 眾所周知, 光的傳播速度比聲音快. _ (3). 據(jù)報道一個人在沒有水的條件下可以生存70多個小時. _3. ., it was the b

7、uilding of the railway from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s 但是，大批量的移民卻在19世紀60年代為了修建貫穿美國東西海岸的鐵路而來加利福尼亞的。 本句為強調(diào)結構，即“It is/ was.that.”。4. It didnt occur to me that there would be a big festival on at the same time as my holiday. 我沒想到在我度假的時候會有一個盛大的慶

8、祝活動。 sth. occur to sb. (主意或想法等突然)浮現(xiàn)在腦中, 某人想起 It occurs to sb to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事It occurs to sb. that. 某人突然想起 辨析: occur, happen, take place, break outBook 8 Unit 2 CloningPart 1 課文知識點歸納1. share with sb 與某人分享2. make a copy of 復制; 做一份的副本3. all the time 始終; 一直4. quantities of 大量的a quantity of5. resear

9、ch on/ into 對進行調(diào)查研究6. undertake a task 承擔任務7. pay off 償清; 得到回報 pay back 償還;報復 pay for 支付的費用;付錢購買 pay down 付現(xiàn)款; 即時支付8. be removed from 從被移除9. on the one hand on the other hand 一方面 另一方面10. cast down 沮喪; 不愉快 拓展: cast aside cast off cast out cast away11. be appropriate to / for 對適合12. raise objections 引

10、起反對 object to 反對; 對表示反感have no objection to不反對; 對無異議13. have a great impact on 對產(chǎn)生極大影響14. attain ones ambition 實現(xiàn)某人的野心15. forbid sb. to do 禁止做. forbid doing forbid sb. from doing sth. 16. end in failure 以失敗告終17. compared with/to 與相比較（常放句首作狀語）18. own sb. sth. 欠某人某物 own sth. to sth. 把歸因于19. bother sb.

11、 with sth. 某人因某事困擾20. strikeinto ones heart 使刻骨銘心21. experiment with 用做實驗22. from time to time 有時23. bring back to life 使重生, 復活24. in vain 徒勞無功; 枉費心機25. be based on 基于26. differ from sb / sth 和某人/某物不同 differ with sb. on / about / over sth. 和某人在某事上意見分歧27. be bound to 一定; 有義句型: 1. Then came the distur

12、bing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 接著傳來了多莉病重的壞消息。1). 本句中news與that Dolly had become seriously ill是同位關系.2). 本句是一個倒裝句, 當表示方位、方式、時間的副詞或介詞短語置于句首時, 句子要完全倒裝。2. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. 當園藝師從生長的植物上剪下枝條來培植新植物時，克隆就發(fā)生了。 It happenswhen 意

13、為“當 時這就會發(fā)生”。e.g. The virus of the flu is spreading quickly. It happens when there are infected cases in a crowd. 流感病毒正在迅速傳播。當人群中有感染病例時就會發(fā)生。3. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain 雖然現(xiàn)在作為克隆研究所需要的人類卵細胞和胚胎很難獲取， 不定式跟在表語形容詞后，且形容詞表示主語的特征，此時不定式常

14、主動表被動。4. Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.種群中的多樣性意為著具有以不同方式排列基因的動物。 with their genes arranged in different ways是“with+賓語+賓語補足語”結構，在句中作animal的后置定語。Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsPart 1 課文知識點歸納1. decide on sth. 決定做2. call up 給打電話, 使人回憶起 拓展: c

15、all for call oncall in call back3. in the countryside 在鄉(xiāng)下4. on the telephone 通過電話5. now and then 偶爾，有時6. get / be rid of 去除 ridof 除去, 擺脫7. distinguish myself by. 通過來表現(xiàn)自己8. set about doing 開始做 set out to do 開始做9. with caution 小心謹慎10. bend down 彎腰11. in the expectation that 期望12. seize the opportunity

16、 抓住機會13. get recognition for 為取得認可14. the patent office 專利局15. in addition (to) 另外16. fill in / out the form 填表格17. a matter of 的一件事18. in comfort 舒適19. exchange with 把換成20. manage to do 努力做21. in a mess 亂成一團22. lead to doing 導致23. the famous saying 名言24. beaten track 常規(guī), 慣例25. dive into 迅速把收伸入, 一心投

17、入26. be worth doing 值得做 Its worthwhile to do be worthy of doing 27. apply to sb. for sth 向申請.28. at a time 一次29. be aware of 意識到.30. search for 尋找.31. associate with 把和聯(lián)系起來32. hang on = hold on 不掛斷, 緊緊握住33. out of order 次序顛倒 in order 井然有序, 處于正常狀態(tài)34. get through打電話設法聯(lián)系上,做完,通過35. ring back 回電話ring off

18、 掛斷電話句型: 1. They seemed to have made their home here. 它們好像已經(jīng)在這安家了。 句型：sb. seem to do It seems that / as if / as though 2. There only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes?？磥碇挥袣⒍旧叩乃幏哿?。 備注：there seem to be 似乎有，類似的結構還有there happened / appeared / used to be , 3. Only after you have had that recog

19、nition can you say that you are truly an inventor. only + 狀語(短語/從句) 置于句首句子需要部分倒裝.4. Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone elses. 直到有研究表明你的產(chǎn)品真的與眾不同，你才能得到專利。 nor 含有否定意義的副詞(never / seldom / hardly / few / little) 放句首要倒

20、裝5. It was this exploring around problems and his dynamic spirit that led to his most famous invention.強調(diào)句：It is/ was + 強調(diào)內(nèi)容 + that 6. It was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson. it is / was not untilthat 是一個強調(diào)句型Book 8 Unit 4 PygmalionPart 1 課

21、文知識點歸納1. be gifted in= have a gift for 有天賦2. be ambitious to do sth. 立志做3. be convinced of sth./ that clause 堅信4. set sb. a task 安排某人一個任務5. pour with rain 大雨傾盆6. in all directions 四面八方7. hide /shelter from rain 避雨8. hesitate to do sth./ hesitate about sth不想做9. hold up 舉起, 使耽擱10. (be) of use to sb. 對

22、有用11. take/make notes 作筆記12. take / mistake A for B 把A誤當作Bbe mistaken about 把弄錯13. in disguise 偽裝的14. hand over / take over 移交/接管15. be classified as 把歸類為16. make a remark on 就發(fā)表評論17. betray oneself 顯露出原形18. condemn sb. to sth./ to do sth. 使注定做be condemned to death 被判死刑19. pass sb. off as 冒充成20. mak

23、e ones acquaintance = make the acquaintance of sb. 結識21.a handful of 一把, 少量22. in amazement 震驚23. make a fortune 發(fā)財24. generally speaking 一般說來25. (be) of a / an / the same / different age(s) / shape(s) / size(s) / colour(s) / kind(s) 屬于的26. apart from = besides / except / except for除外27.in terms of

24、就來說, 從角度28.deep in conversation 深入交談29.fancy oneself 自命不凡30.the other day 幾天前31.once more 再一次32.in need of 需要33.fade out （聲音，畫面）漸淡34.show sb. in 領進來句型: 1. What if I was? 如果我是又怎樣呢？ What if + 一般過去時 (1) 如果他不同意該怎么辦呢? _ (2) 火車要是晚點會怎么樣呢? _2. They betray themselves every time they open their mouths.但每次一張嘴說

25、話，他們句原形畢露。 every time +從句, 名詞詞組連詞化3. Once taught by me, shed become an upper class lady. when, while, before, until, if, unless, once, though + V-ing / v-ed,是狀語從句的省略4. While watching, he makes notes. 他一邊觀察, 一邊做筆記. 現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語Book 8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestorsPart 1 課文知識點歸納1. have no alternative but

26、to do 除之外別無選擇2. showaround 領某人參觀3. regardless of/ in spite of 不管;不顧4. scareaway 把嚇跑5. keep out 阻止進入6. assume sth 假定 assume sb. to be 認為某人是 assume that +從句7. cut up 切碎；剪碎；摧毀；粉碎 cut away (from sth.) (從某物上)切除、割掉、砍掉、剪去 cut down （從根基部分）砍倒；縮減；減少 cut in（on sth.） 打斷（談話）；插嘴cut off 中斷（通話）；切斷的來、去路；隔絕8. the fre

27、ezing winter 寒冷的冬天9. removefrom 從除去10. an ample amount of 大量11. look ahead 向前看；為將來打算 go ahead 先走；催促；表示許可12. keep warm 保持溫暖13. preserve sb./ sth.(from sth.) 保護14. applaud sb./ sth.(for sth.) (因某事)贊賞某人、某事15. arrest sb. for sth 因某事逮捕、拘留某人16. as well as 還有；也17. to ones relief 令某人慶幸的是 relieve sb. of sth 解除某人的（負擔、責任等）18. divide sth. between/among sb. 在某人中分配某物 divideinto/by 分成/除19. at most 最多20. care about 關心21. be of significance 有意義22. have affection for 喜愛23.