九年級(jí)英語直接引語和間接引語課件

1、1.定義定義2.轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換3.人稱變化人稱變化4.時(shí)態(tài)變化時(shí)態(tài)變化5.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語及方向性動(dòng)詞的變化指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語及方向性動(dòng)詞的變化6.Exercises2.時(shí)態(tài)不變情況時(shí)態(tài)不變情況1.時(shí)態(tài)變化情況時(shí)態(tài)變化情況一、一、定義：定義：引述某人的話一般采取兩種形式：一是原引述某人的話一般采取兩種形式：一是原封不動(dòng)地引用原話，把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，這叫做直接引封不動(dòng)地引用原話，把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，這叫做直接引語；一是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的話語不放語；一是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的話語不放 在引號(hào)內(nèi)，這叫做間接引語。直接引語一般前后加引在引號(hào)內(nèi)，這叫做間接引語。直接引語一般前后

2、加引號(hào)，間接引語不用加引號(hào)。間接引語多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成號(hào)，間接引語不用加引號(hào)。間接引語多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語從句。例如：賓語從句。例如：Mr. Black said: “Im busy.” 布萊克先生說：布萊克先生說：“我很忙。我很忙?！保ㄖ苯右Z）（直接引語）Mr. Black said that he was busy.布萊克先生布萊克先生說他很忙。（間接引語）說他很忙。（間接引語）二、二、轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換1.陳述句陳述句 直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，接引語時(shí)， 用連詞用連詞that引導(dǎo)（引導(dǎo)（that在口語中在口語中常省略），從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、常省略），

3、從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等要做相應(yīng)變化。時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等要做相應(yīng)變化?！癐 will go to Beijing tomorrow,” said he.He said (that) he would go Beijing the next day.2.一般疑問句一般疑問句 如果直接引語是如果直接引語是一般疑問句一般疑問句 ，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用if 或或weather連接，將連接，將疑問語序改為陳述語序，從句中的人稱、時(shí)疑問語序改為陳述語序，從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等要做態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等要做相應(yīng)變化。相應(yīng)變化

4、?！癐s she from America?” he said to me.He asked me if / whether she was from America .3.特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 如果直接引語是特殊疑問如果直接引語是特殊疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用特殊疑問詞連接特殊疑問詞連接，將疑問語序改為陳述語序，從句中的人稱、將疑問語序改為陳述語序，從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等要做相應(yīng)變化要做相應(yīng)變化。“When will you go to Chongqing?” he said to me.He asked

5、me when I would go to Chongqing.4.祈使句祈使句 直接引語是祈使句時(shí)，變間接引直接引語是祈使句時(shí)，變間接引語時(shí)須將祈使句的謂語動(dòng)詞變成不定式，作語時(shí)須將祈使句的謂語動(dòng)詞變成不定式，作賓語補(bǔ)足語。原主句謂語動(dòng)詞賓語補(bǔ)足語。原主句謂語動(dòng)詞say須改為須改為ask, tell, order, 等含有祈使意義的及物動(dòng)等含有祈使意義的及物動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成詞，構(gòu)成 ask/tell/order sb. to do sth.。例。例如：如：“Please sit down and have a rest.” she said to us.She asked us to sit do

6、wn and have a rest. 她讓我們坐下來歇會(huì)她讓我們坐下來歇會(huì)。The teacher said: “Be careful with your pronunciation.” The teacher told us to be careful with our pronunciation. 老師讓我們注意發(fā)音。老師讓我們注意發(fā)音。否定的祈使句在改為間接引語時(shí)，須在不定式否定的祈使句在改為間接引語時(shí)，須在不定式to前加前加not。例如：。例如：“Dont make so much noise, children!” she said. She told the children n

7、ot to make so much noise. 她叫孩子們別制造噪音。她叫孩子們別制造噪音。三、人稱的變化三、人稱的變化：如果直接引語是第三者所說的話，或雖是自如果直接引語是第三者所說的話，或雖是自己所說的話，但聽的人已經(jīng)換了人，則人稱己所說的話，但聽的人已經(jīng)換了人，則人稱要作相應(yīng)的變化。如：要作相應(yīng)的變化。如：He said: “ I will go to London by air”He said that he would go to London by air. 他說他要乘飛機(jī)去倫敦。他說他要乘飛機(jī)去倫敦?！癥ou will come here tomorrow,” she sai

8、d to me.She told me that I would go there the next day.I told him, “I dont agree with you.” I told him that I did not agree with him. 我告訴他我不贊同他。我告訴他我不贊同他。 “when will we go to Chongqing?”he said to her. He asked her when they would go to Chongqing.四、時(shí)態(tài)的變化四、時(shí)態(tài)的變化1.主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，直接主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，直接引語變間接

9、引語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)引語變間接引語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化。如詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化。如：直接引語直接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)cancanmaymaymustmustshallshallwillwill間接引語間接引語一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)couldcouldmightmighthad to; musthad to; mustshouldshouldwouldwould例句例句

10、：He said: “I am from America.” He said that he was from America. 他說他來自美國(guó)。他說他來自美國(guó)。 He said: “ I am doing my homework.” He said that he was doing his homework. 他說他正在做家庭作業(yè)。他說他正在做家庭作業(yè)。 She said: “ I can manage it myself.” She said that she could manage it herself. 她說她可以自己做。她說她可以自己做。 “I finished the work

11、 and Im tired,” he said. He said that he had finished the work and he was tired.他說他完成了這工作，有點(diǎn)累了。他說他完成了這工作，有點(diǎn)累了。a主句中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)如果是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)⒅骶渲兄^語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)如果是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，則間接引語和原直接引語的時(shí)態(tài)一樣，來時(shí)，則間接引語和原直接引語的時(shí)態(tài)一樣，不作改變不作改變。如。如 He says, “ I have finished my homework.” He says that he has finished his homework. 他說他已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè)他說他已

12、經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè) 2.時(shí)態(tài)不變的幾種情況：時(shí)態(tài)不變的幾種情況：“Im from America and I like pop music,” says Tom. Tom says that he is from America and he likes pop music.She will say, “I will do it tomorrow.” She will say that shell do it tomorrow. 她會(huì)說她明天做。她會(huì)說她明天做。 b. 有幾種情況時(shí)有幾種情況時(shí),盡管主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是過去盡管主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語中的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)也無須改時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語

13、中的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)也無須改變。變。 直接引語有直接引語有表示純屬過去的時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，表示純屬過去的時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，間接引語一般可用一般過去時(shí)，而不用改為過間接引語一般可用一般過去時(shí)，而不用改為過去完成時(shí)去完成時(shí)。如：。如： He said, “I joined the Party in 1938. He said that he joined the Party in 1938. 他說他是他說他是1938年入的黨。年入的黨。 所轉(zhuǎn)述的是現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作、科學(xué)真理、格所轉(zhuǎn)述的是現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作、科學(xué)真理、格言等，時(shí)態(tài)不變言等，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如。如： He said, “Practice makes perfe

14、ct.” He said that practice makes perfect. 他說熟能生巧。他說熟能生巧。 有些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如有些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如must，need ,ought to等，等，無過去時(shí)，變間接引語時(shí)，可以不變。如：無過去時(shí)，變間接引語時(shí)，可以不變。如：He said, “All men must die.” He said that all men must die. 他說所有人都會(huì)死。他說所有人都會(huì)死。五、五、 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語及方向性動(dòng)詞的變化指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語及方向性動(dòng)詞的變化，如，如 直接引語直接引語指示代詞指示代詞this this theset

15、hese時(shí)時(shí)間間狀狀語語nownowtodaytodaythis morningthis morningtonighttonightagotomorrowtomorrowyesterdayyesterdaylast nightlast nightthe day before yesterdaythe day before yesterdaythree days agothree days agonext weeknext week地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語herehere方向性動(dòng)詞方向性動(dòng)詞bringbringcomecome間接引語間接引語thatthatthosethosethenthenthat

16、daythat daythat morningthat morningthat nightthat nightbeforethe next daythe next daythe day beforethe day beforethe night beforethe night beforetwo days beforetwo days beforethree days beforethree days beforethe next weekthe next weektheretheretaketakegogo例句：例句：He said, “I saw a film yesterday and

17、Ill see another next week.” He said that he had seen a film the day before and that he would see another the next week.他說他在前一天已經(jīng)看過一場(chǎng)電影而且他他說他在前一天已經(jīng)看過一場(chǎng)電影而且他下星期還要看另外一場(chǎng)電影。下星期還要看另外一場(chǎng)電影。 “I met him three days ago and he brought these books to me.”Mary said to me. Mary told me she had met him three days b

18、efore and he had taken those books to her.Mary告訴我她三天前見過他告訴我她三天前見過他,他當(dāng)時(shí)給了她這他當(dāng)時(shí)給了她這些書些書.六、六、Exercise:1. “I will go to America next year ,”she said to me.2. “Have you invited her to dinner tonight?” Tom said to me.3. “How much money did you pay for the driver?” Mary said to him.4. “Please close the doo

19、r,” the teacher said to the student.she told me that she would go to America the next year. Tom asked me if I had invited her to dinner that night.Mary asked me how much money I had paid for the driver.The teacher asked the student to close the door.5. “What are you looking for?” I said to her. I asked her what she was looking for.6. “Please go upstairs to bring me an umbrella,” he said to Jane. He asked Jane to go upst