高中英語語法情態(tài)動詞課件

1、I think she _ apologiseto the public.You _ go andsee the doctor. 我認為她我認為她應該應該向公眾道歉。向公眾道歉。你你應當應當去找醫(yī)生看看病。去找醫(yī)生看看病。ought toought toFill in the blanks according to the Chinese.Titanic _ be a good movie.We know if we keep at it we _ succeed. 泰坦尼克號泰坦尼克號應該應該是部好電影。是部好電影。我們知道如果我們堅持我們知道如果我們堅持下去就下去就應該應該會成功。會成功。

2、shouldshouldWe _ put on warm clothes in winter. 冬天的時候，我們冬天的時候，我們得得穿上穿上溫暖的衣服。溫暖的衣服。你你得得把面粉和黃油和在一起。把面粉和黃油和在一起。You _ mix the flour and the butter. have tohave toIn England traffic _ keep to the left. 在英國，車輛在英國，車輛必須必須靠左行駛?？孔笮旭?。All passengers _wear seat belts.所有乘客都所有乘客都必須必須系安全帶。系安全帶。mustmust上面的空你都填對了嗎？上面

3、的空你都填對了嗎？如此多的情態(tài)動詞，如此多的情態(tài)動詞，我們應當如何使用呢？我們應當如何使用呢？接下來就進行詳細接下來就進行詳細的講解。的講解。1. Ability （能力）（能力）2. Obligation （義務）（義務）3. Certainty （可能性）（可能性）4. Permission （允許（允許）5. Make requests（提出請求）（提出請求）6. Make suggestions（提出建（提出建議）議）7. Make offers（提供幫助）（提供幫助）8. Give advice（提出意見）（提出意見）1.Ability (能力能力):Liu Xiang can ru

4、n the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds.can/could:1. can 一般表示與生俱來的能力或一般表示與生俱來的能力或者一種客觀可能性者一種客觀可能性,還可以表示請還可以表示請求和允許求和允許 。Learning English _ be difficult.canMan can not live without air. _ I use your bike?Cancan/could:2.在疑問句中，用在疑問句中，用could可表示請可表示請求，語氣較委婉。求，語氣較委婉。 _I have the television on? Yes, you _

5、. / No, you _CouldHe asks if he _ smoke here.couldcan/maycant/Im afraid notcan/could:3.表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中）要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中） Hes such a nice person that he _ commit the crime. cant你怎么會如此地粗心！你怎么會如此地粗心！ How can you be so careless! Can this be true? can/could:4. can never/c

6、anttoo表示表示“無論怎樣無論怎樣也不過分也不過分”，“越越越越好好” 。你過馬路的時候再小心也不為過。你過馬路的時候再小心也不為過。 You cant be too careful while crossing the road. can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別:Edison always wondered why hens could hatch (孵孵) chickens while he was not able to.Question: Are the two modal verbs interchangeable (互換互換) ? If not, why?can表示表示或

7、或，而，而be able to更加強調(diào)更加強調(diào)或者或者，能做到的事情。能做到的事情。can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別: A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone _ run out of the building.was able to2. She _ speak both English and French.canIm so tired! I have to do the training for at least 10 hours a day! 2.Obligation (義務義務):yet he m

8、ust work hard to win the gold medal.Although Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle raceadvisabilitynecessityought to/shouldhave tomustYour mother brings you up and takes good care of you, so when she is old, you _ look after her in return. A.can B.may C.have to D.must Shi Dongpeng might win a medal at th

9、e Olympic Games.Although the chance of winning a medal is small, Ill try my best! 3.Certainty (可能性可能性) :very uncertainalmost certainmightshouldmustmaycouldought towill1.He _ be at home.2.He _ be at home, for he just called me from his home 15 seconds ago.A.may B.might C.must A.may B.might C.must (ca

10、n)must 表示肯定的猜測，譯為表示肯定的猜測，譯為“一定一定”，不能用于否定句或疑問句。不能用于否定句或疑問句。This must be your pen.He must be doing his homework now.He must have arrived already.mustmust2. 表示表示“堅持堅持”（常用于固定句型：（常用于固定句型：if you must do sth. 如果你非得要做某事）如果你非得要做某事）如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。If you must leave, do it quietly.They_ be doing

11、the experiment in the lab.Why？Because the lights are still burning.A.could B.can C.must D.would 4.Permission (允許允許):May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal?may/might:1. 表示許可。表示請求、允許時，表示許可。表示請求、允許時，might比比may的語氣更委婉一些。的語氣更委婉一些。 Might/May I use your computer? Yes, you can. /No, you cant/mustnt. may/might

12、:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推測、可能（只用于肯定句，表示推測、可能（只用于肯定句，疑問句則要用疑問句則要用can或或could）。）。 祝你成功！祝你成功！ May you succeed. He may be very busy now. May you be happy all your life. 5.Making requests (提出要求提出要求):Can you help me with my training?I dont know how to use this equipment! will can could wouldinformalfo

13、rmal6.Making suggestions (提出建議提出建議):Shall we do the training in the morning?Its too hot to take exercise in the afternoon. shall:1.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見、向?qū)Ψ秸埵净蛱峁椭?、向?qū)Ψ秸埵净蛱峁椭?。1.Shall we begin our lesson? 2.When shall he be allowed to leave hospital? 3.Shall I car

14、ry this bag for you?shall:2.Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。諾或威脅。 You shall fail if you dont work harder. He shall be punished according to the rule. 等我讀完這本書，就會給他的。等我讀完這本書，就會給他的。 He shall have the book when I finish it.警告警告威脅威脅允諾允諾7.Making offers (提供幫助提供幫助):Dont worry, de

15、ar, I will wash them right away.Mom, my dirty clothes have been piled up! I dont have timewill/would:1. 表示請求、建議等，表示請求、建議等，would比比will委婉客氣。委婉客氣。sentence pattern Would you pleaseWould you mindWould ratherWould you likewill/would:2.表示意志、愿望和決心。表示意志、愿望和決心。 I will never do that again. will/would:3.可表示經(jīng)常性、

16、習慣性、傾向可表示經(jīng)常性、習慣性、傾向性。翻譯為性。翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總經(jīng)常、慣于、總是是”。1).The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work. would2).門就是打不開門就是打不開 ! The door wont open. will/would:I will go to the park with you tomorrow if you will offer me lunch. Question: Is this sentence correct?

17、 Why?情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞表示表示 “意愿意愿”8.Giving advice (提出意見提出意見):You should not/ought not to eat so much before running.How delicious!should:1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令，表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是其同義詞是ought to；在疑問句中，；在疑問句中，通常用通常用should代替代替oughtto。Should I open the window? 我們應當要相互學習。我們應當要相互學習。 We should learn from each other.should:2

18、.情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞should用于第一人稱用于第一人稱時可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、時可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語氣?？蜌?、委婉的語氣。 RoseSure. By the way, who is your idol?JackLiu Xiang, I should say.I should advise you not to do that again. 3. should表示意外或驚訝表示意外或驚訝 常譯為常譯為 “居然，竟然居然，竟然”。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信這樣一個紳

19、士居然對老人我不敢相信這樣一個紳士居然對老人如此無禮。如此無禮。should:4. should 表示猜測時，一般指按經(jīng)驗或邏輯表示猜測時，一般指按經(jīng)驗或邏輯判斷，翻譯成判斷，翻譯成“照說應該，估計，想必照說應該，估計，想必” should: -When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need三三. “情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+have done”的用法的用法（1）must have done對過去

20、某事的十分肯定猜測對過去某事的十分肯定猜測（2）may/might have done對過去某事的可能性對過去某事的可能性猜測猜測（3）cant/couldnt have done對過去某事的否定對過去某事的否定猜測猜測（4）should/ought to have done過去應該做而未過去應該做而未做做（5）shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 過去不應該做而實際上做了過去不應該做而實際上做了（6）neednt have done 本沒有必要做的事實際本沒有必要做的事實際卻做了卻做了（7）could have done 本來能夠做的（有能力做）事實際卻未做到本來能夠做

21、的（有能力做）事實際卻未做到Practice With so much work on hand, you _to see the game last night. A. mustnt go B. could have goneC. shouldnt go D. shouldnt have gone2. There was plenty of time. She _.A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurriedC. must not hurry D. neednt have hurriedPractice3. I saw Mary in the

22、library yesterday. -You_ her. She is still abroad.A. mustnt see B. cant have seen C. mustnt have seen D. couldnt see4. Aunt Mary_the train, otherwise she would have arrived here by now.A. must have missed B. should have missedC. had missed D. might miss四四. 可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：need 、 dare 情態(tài)動詞

23、(+動詞原形)行為動詞needdare 1.1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化無人稱和數(shù)的變化; 2.2.尤其用于：尤其用于：* *否定句及疑問句中否定句及疑問句中; ;* *在在if/whetherif/whether之后之后; ;* *或與或與hardlyhardly, , nevernever, , no oneno one, , nobodynobody連用連用; ; 3. 3.常以常以neednneednt t 和和darendarent t 的形式出現(xiàn)的形式出現(xiàn); ;4.dare4.dare有其過去時有其過去時dareddared. . 多用于肯定句多用于肯定句; (sb.) need to do dare to do(sth.) ne