學(xué)而思新概念語(yǔ)法整理

1、第一？人稱第二人稱人稱代詞單復(fù)單復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)數(shù)數(shù)主人格1weyou you稱代賓詞格meusyou you語(yǔ)法一：人稱代詞單數(shù)hehim句型轉(zhuǎn)化Be動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)肯定+be動(dòng)詞第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)sheheritittheythemIweyouyouhesheittheymyouryouryourhisheritstheir句：主語(yǔ)be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)？物主代詞否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+not 般疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)句:What colour is ？ What n ati on ality are you? Where are you from? Where do you come from? Whose bag is

2、it?What' s your job?What' s the weather like What ' the climate like?語(yǔ)法二：It ' s red.I ' m Chinese.I m from Chi na.I come from Chi na.It ' s my bag.I ' m a mechanic.It ' s sunny/rainy/snowy/cloudy.It ' s pleasant/warm/wet/dry.一、 不可數(shù)名詞 定義：抽刀斷水水更流難以分幵的一個(gè)整體，不可分割的事物。特點(diǎn)

3、：1前面無(wú)a/an,后無(wú)s;2、表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)用量詞修飾，量詞可數(shù)；Eg. Milk-a bottle of milk-two bottles ofmilkSoap-abar of soap-three bars of soap二、some 禾口 any 用法some而不相同點(diǎn)：表示一些，后面都可加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞不同點(diǎn)：some常用在肯定句，但是在表示建議，反問(wèn)，請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中，或期望得到肯定答復(fù)時(shí)，多用用 any;any用在否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句三、指代用法One指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)Ones指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Any可指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞四、句型1、Do you like ?Yes, I do.

4、Yes, I do. But I don' t wantNo, I don ' t.2、Do you want ？Yes, please.No,thank you / thanks. I don ' t like .五、名詞復(fù)數(shù)特殊變化規(guī)那么:可數(shù)名詞的不規(guī)那么復(fù)數(shù)變 化woma n-wome n, man-me n, tooth-teeth,deer-deer, child-childre n, fish-fish, foot-feet,goose-geese, sheep-sheep, ox-oxe n國(guó)人變化：中 日兩瑞永不變 , 英法荷 Japanese -Ja

5、panes Englishman-Englishmen;蘭 A 變 E,其他國(guó)人 S 加后邊.Ch in ese Chi n ese; Germa n Germa ns ; America n America ns語(yǔ)法三一、介詞in在?里on在.上un der在.卜面beside在/、-n-* -?旁邊betwee n在兩者中間among三者或以上中間over在-hr.上無(wú)接觸面的垂直上方；從一端到另一端above在.上無(wú)接觸面的上方，不定垂直across橫穿、穿過(guò)強(qiáng)調(diào)從外表越過(guò)through穿過(guò)強(qiáng)調(diào)從中間穿過(guò)alo ng沿著二、There be 句型與 have got 句型1.There

6、be 句型：定義：某地或某時(shí)存在有某人或某物。句型結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：There is+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 或不可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)There are+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn) 否認(rèn)句be動(dòng)詞后加notThere is not +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)特點(diǎn)：There are not +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)疑問(wèn)句be動(dòng)詞提前：Is there +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)？ Are there +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 +地點(diǎn)？“就近原那么"2. have got 句型:定義： 它表示某物歸某人 某物所有，是一種 所屬關(guān)系 。句型結(jié)構(gòu)：否認(rèn)句：在have或has后加not,縮寫為have n't h

7、as n ' t.疑問(wèn)句：把have或has提前特點(diǎn)： 主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)， have 要變成 has 。語(yǔ)法三：?小升初小練兵?1. There is a bridge the river.A. over B. onC. above D. below2. They spent about ten days to go the big desert 沙漠 A.across B. through C. over D. along3. 用 there be 或 have got 填空：1I a good father and a good mother.2 any books in th

8、e bookcase?3 a picture and a clock on the wall.4She some dresses.5What does Mike ?語(yǔ)法四 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法1 表示 經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性 ,永久性 的動(dòng)作。often 經(jīng)常， usually 通常， always 總是， everyday 每天， sometimes 有時(shí) 2 表示事物的 狀態(tài)或特征There is a scar on his forehead. 3 表示 客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，等客觀事實(shí)或格言，諺語(yǔ) 等。The sun rises in the east and sets in the

9、 west every day.注： 只有在第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用動(dòng)詞的 “三單變化 ，其他用動(dòng)詞的原形。 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)那么：1. 多數(shù)在動(dòng)詞后 s 1 直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -s.play plays like likes stay-staysask-askswork-worksget-gets 2 以字母 s, x, ch, sh 或 o 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加 -es.watch-watches wish-wishesfix-fixesdo-doesgo-goespass-passes(3)以 輔音字母加-y吉尾的動(dòng)詞，要先變 y為i再加-es.try-triesstudy-

10、studies cry-criesfly-flies2. 不規(guī)那么變化：be - is have has一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子轉(zhuǎn)換：陳述句 肯定句 ：主語(yǔ)加動(dòng)詞原形/動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)； 主語(yǔ) + do/does. 一般疑問(wèn)句：在主語(yǔ)前加助動(dòng)詞do you, 以及復(fù)數(shù) ,does 單數(shù) she, he, it 變成問(wèn)句； Do/Does + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 .否認(rèn)句：在主語(yǔ)后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞don' 11, you, 以及復(fù)數(shù) ,doesn ' 單數(shù) she, he, it 變成否認(rèn)句，助動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞要變成動(dòng)詞原形。主語(yǔ) + don ' t/doesn動(dòng)詞原形例： 肯定句

11、 : I like grapes. 否認(rèn)句 : I don ' t like grapes.般疑問(wèn)句 : Do you like grapes?肯定句：She gets up early every morning.否認(rèn)句 TShe doesn ' t get up early every morning. 一般疑問(wèn)句 TDoes she get up early every morning? 語(yǔ)法五 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) 一、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的含義表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作， 也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的 動(dòng)作二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)各種句式的結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定句： 主語(yǔ) + am/

12、is/are + V.ingE.g. We are having a class.He is painting.She is playing. 否認(rèn)句： 主語(yǔ) + am/is/are + V.ingE.g. We are not having a class.He is not painting.She is not playing.疑問(wèn)句： Am/Is/Are + 主語(yǔ) + V.ingE.g. Are you having a class ？ Is he painting ？ Is she playing ？三、動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)那么1 “直 ： 一般情況下，直接加 ing ， 如： do-doin

13、g ， cook-cooking ， stand-standing 2 去：以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾，去 e 加 ing ,如： come-coming ， dance-dancing3 “雙： 重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加ing ，play run swimmake go like write ski read have sing dance 如： run-running, stop-stopping swim-swimming, forget-forgetting雙寫規(guī)那么：1、重讀在詞尾；2 、閉音節(jié)短音節(jié)；3 、單輔音字母 在一般情況下,如果某一單詞是以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾,而這個(gè)輔

14、音的前面是讀或雙元音，就不能雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母。如 read-reading, think-thinking 等。4"改：改 ie 為 y,力口 ing女口：die-dy ing lie-ly ing語(yǔ)法五小升初小練筆一、 寫出以下動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1. The boy ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen ! Some girls ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother ( cook )some n ice food now.4. What you ( do ) now?5. Look ！ They

15、 ( have) an En glish less on .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換:1. They are doing housework .(分別改成般疑問(wèn)句和否認(rèn)句)2.Thestudents are cleaning the classroom .(改 般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否認(rèn)答復(fù))語(yǔ)法六：一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，女口last year, yesterday 等；也可表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和often, always等頻率副詞連用。注意：發(fā)生在過(guò)去時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，并已經(jīng)結(jié)束。/ am/is-was一、be動(dòng)詞 are were1句式

16、結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語(yǔ) + was/were + We were very tired yesterday. 我們昨天很累。否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ) + wasn' t/weren ' t +I wasn ' t at home yesterda y.昨天不在家。一般疑問(wèn)句：-Was/were +主語(yǔ)+？-Yes,主語(yǔ) + was/were.-No,主語(yǔ) + wasn ' t/weren ' t.2、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比擬 例子見(jiàn)下表：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)every-She goes to school everyday,She plays football every af

17、ter noon.She chats with(禾口。聊天)her friends every evening on line,一般過(guò)去時(shí) yesterdayBut yesterday morning she went shopp ing.But yesterday after noon she played basketball.But yesterday eve ning she chatted with her frie nds on email.二、行為動(dòng)詞1句子構(gòu)成冃疋句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+I went to the zoo yesterday.我昨天去公園了。否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ) + d

18、id n ot (did n't) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + .I did n't go to school yesterday.我昨天沒(méi)去上學(xué)。般疑問(wèn)句:-Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+？-Yes,主語(yǔ) + did.-No,主語(yǔ) + did not(didn't)-Did you buy a book last Mon day?-Yes, I did.-No, I did n't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 + did + 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形 + .?1) -What did you do last night?-I did my homework.2) -When did you

19、go to the zoo? -I went to the zoo yesterday.2 、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變形 ：1) 直一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾直接加上-ed 。女口： look-looked; work-worked; play-played2) 去以不發(fā)音的字母 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去 e 再加 -ed。女口： live-lived; move-moved-ed。3) 雙末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加 女口： stop-stopped; drop-dropped4) 改末尾是輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i,然后再加-ed。 如: study-studied; carr

20、y-carried5) 特"不規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式需特殊記憶。am/is -vasare werehave/has haddo/does did can could will wouldshall should swim swam sing sangring rang sit satcome camegive gave run ran drink dra nkbecome became begin bega n buy boughtbring brought catch caught think thoughtteach taught send sent build built go

21、went spe nd spe nt lose lostlend lentmean menatsweep sweptfeel felt lear n learn t/lear nedsmell smeltsleep sleptput put cut cuthit hit read read hurt hurtlet writelet beat beat cost costwrote riderode rise rosesell -sold wake wokebreak brokewin won drive drove speak spoke get 3、標(biāo)志詞yesterday 系歹 Ugot

22、 forget forgot choose choseyesterday morning; yesterday after noon; yesterday eve ningago系歹Va minute ago; an hour ago; a day ago; a week ago; a month ago; year ago; two days ago; six years agothis系列this month; this weeklast系列l(wèi)ast mon th; last yearthe.before lastthe week before last; the mon th befor

23、e last語(yǔ)法六小升初練習(xí)題、請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。1.1(have) an excit ing party last weeke nd.2.she(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she3. WhatTom(do) on Saturday eve ning?He(watch) TV and(read) an in teresti ng book.4. They all(go) to the mountains yesterday morni ng.5. She(not visit) her aun t last weeke nd.二、改寫句子:1、

24、Lucy did her homework at home. (改否認(rèn)句)Lucyher homework at home.2、 He found some meat in the fridge (冰箱).(變一般疑問(wèn)句)he meat i n the fridge?3、She stayed there for a week.(對(duì)劃線局部提問(wèn))shethere?4、There was some orange in the cup. (變一般疑問(wèn)句 )thereorange in the cup?語(yǔ)法七一般將來(lái)時(shí)l. will含義：將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)?lái)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?？?/p>

25、定句：主語(yǔ) + will +動(dòng)詞原形It will rai n.否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ) + will n ot (wo n't) + 動(dòng)詞原形He won't be late for school.般疑問(wèn)句：Will +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形?-Will it sn ow in GZ?-Y es, it will.-No, it will n ot (wo n't).2. be going to含義：近期或事先考慮過(guò)的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作以及已有跡象說(shuō)明必將發(fā)生某事，意為肯定句：主語(yǔ) + be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形將要做某事打算,I am going to travel.He/She

26、 is going to travel. We/They/You are going to travel. 否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ) + be not going to + 動(dòng)詞原形I am not going to travel.He/She is not going to travel.We/They/You are not going to travel. 一般疑問(wèn)句： Be + 主語(yǔ) + going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 Are you going to travel?Is he/she going to travel?Are we/they/you going to travel?3、時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞t

27、omorrow; tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening;next year/week/month/hour ;this afternoon/Sunday/evening ;in the future;in + 一段時(shí)間時(shí)態(tài)小口訣 : 英語(yǔ)動(dòng)作有四種：經(jīng)常做，正在做，將要做和過(guò)去做。 經(jīng)常做用動(dòng)原或三單，遇到他她它單個(gè)做改三單； 要借 do 或 does 變問(wèn)否， 后面動(dòng)詞用原型。正在做用 be+動(dòng)詞ing ,兩個(gè)朋友不別離 ,be用 am,is ,are 來(lái)代替。將要做有兩種：用 will ( shall ) 加動(dòng)原或 be going to 加動(dòng)原。過(guò)去做，很

28、簡(jiǎn)單， 對(duì)照經(jīng)常做動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去式要借 did 變問(wèn)否 ,后面動(dòng)詞用原型數(shù)以百計(jì)的 在回家 的途中今天早晨今 天下午今天晚上今 天夜里昨天早晨昨 天下午語(yǔ)法八： I 請(qǐng)您記住以下新概念英語(yǔ) beg your pardon Nice to meet you too Look at How do you do Be careful A loaf of bread A bar of soap/chocolate A bottle of A pound of Half a pound of A quarter of A tin of Hurry up ！ Next door Black coffee W

29、hite coffee Come home from school Come home from work In the morning In the afternoon In the evening At noon At night At the moment What ' s the time? Come upstairs Come downstairs Hundreds of On the way home This morning This afternoon This evening tonight Yesterday morning Yesterday afternoon冊(cè)

30、 1144 課的請(qǐng)您在重復(fù)說(shuō)一遍我也 很快樂(lè)見(jiàn)到你 看 你好小心 一塊面包一塊香皂 /巧克力一 瓶 . 一磅 . 半磅 . 四分之一 . 一聽(tīng) . 快點(diǎn)！隔壁不 加牛奶的咖啡 加牛 奶的咖啡放學(xué)回家 下班回家早上下午 晚上中午夜里此刻 幾點(diǎn)鐘？上樓下樓昨天晚上昨天夜里Yesterday eve ningLast ni ghtThe day before yesterday in the morni ng前天早晨The day before yesterday in the after noon前天下午The day before yesterday in the eve ning前天晚上The

31、 ni ght before last前大夜間A low mark分?jǐn)?shù)很底A high mark分?jǐn)?shù)很高She said to herself她心中暗想The way to 到的走法In fashi on流行的，時(shí)髦的I ' m afraid 我恐怕I ' m sure 我確信，我冃疋A lot of許多用于肯定句At all絲毫、更本、一點(diǎn)也不Going on holiday度假Have been to 到過(guò)All the time一直，始終Have been to 到過(guò)Drive into撞倒For sale供出售、出售Have the last word最后決疋、最后才算

32、The RAF.英國(guó)皇家空軍Retur n ticket往返票Next door to與相鄰，在隔壁In five hours' time在五小時(shí)之后。Go back返回The othe day幾天前Fell dow nstairs從樓上摔下來(lái)The Y.H.A.青年招待所協(xié)會(huì)Cheer up振作起來(lái)Full of 充滿了Would you like？你愿意?Could you ？你能？比Can you更婉轉(zhuǎn)客氣Buy on in stalme nts以分期付款的方式購(gòu)置Small cha nge零錢Go back to sleep繼續(xù)睡覺(jué)To take with 把帶上with后跟人

33、稱賓格Have to不得不過(guò)去式 Had to By myself我自己By yourself你自己By himself他自己By herself她自己By itself它自己By ourselvesBy yourselvesBy themselvesBy on eselfNot that long agoAtHe can't be He must beHe can ' t have beenHe must have bennDon' t be so sureHe may He might Make up mindsLook afterIn the endIn the

34、first in sta neeHe may be He may have bee nI ' m ot sureI won der whyA long time (ago)Get marriedDepend on I ' m late for By the wayI ' m dressed in Make up her faceMake myselft beautifulWas covered with I went for Pice of paperCigarette endsTake outPut awayHundreds of Round the world季節(jié)、

35、月份、星期Spri ngSummerAutu mnWin terJanuaryFebruary我們自己你們自己他/她佗們自己?jiǎn)为?dú)的沒(méi)那么久以 的方式進(jìn)行、做某事他不可能他肯定是他那時(shí)不可能他那時(shí)肯定是別那么肯定他可能他可能沒(méi)有He might的程度強(qiáng)打定主意up后跟人稱賓格照看最后首先，起初他可能是他可能己經(jīng)我不敢肯定我想知道為什么很早前結(jié)婚依靠，取決于我因?yàn)槎t到順便問(wèn)，說(shuō)我穿戴著往她的臉上施脂粉把自己打扮漂亮覆蓋著說(shuō)明目的紙片煙頭拿出放到一邊成百上千的周游世界春節(jié)夏天秋天冬天一月二月March四月五月六月七月八月九月十月十一月十二月星期一星期二星期三星期四 星期五星期六星期日周未April

36、MayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecemberMon day TuesdayWedn esdayTursdayFridaySaturday SundayWeeke nd語(yǔ)法九一. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞定義：在句子中通常用來(lái)表示“能力、“請(qǐng)求或許可必須、可'能等'表示情感或態(tài)度的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can :含義一：表能力，意為“能、會(huì)Can you speak Fren ch?Yes, I can. / No, I can ' t.含義二：表請(qǐng)求或許可，意為“可以Can you ope n the win dow?注意：can 般上級(jí)對(duì)下

37、級(jí)或長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩，對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩上級(jí)用 could結(jié)構(gòu)：can+動(dòng)詞原形情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must :含義：表義務(wù)，意為 “必須You must finish the work today.Must I finish the work today?Yes, you must./ No, you needn' t.注意：1. must表示必須時(shí)，否認(rèn)式為needn' ； t2. mustn表示禁止、不準(zhǔn)We mustn ' t play football on the road.結(jié)構(gòu)：must+動(dòng)詞原形拓展：1、have to不得不，必須客觀；must必須，一定主觀；have to 第三人

38、稱單數(shù)用 has to +動(dòng)詞原形；My mother is not at home, so I have to eat outside.2、May比can更委婉的請(qǐng)求May I come in? Yes, you may. / No, you can ' t.可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞修飾詞1、a lot of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞表示許多，多用于肯定句2、many+ 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) eg. many booksmuch+ 不可數(shù)名詞 eg. much chocolate3、some 與 any相同點(diǎn)：+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞不同點(diǎn)：some多用于肯定句，any用于否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句，som

39、e還可表示委婉的請(qǐng)求，希望征得肯定的答復(fù)。Would you like some tea? / Could you give me some water, please? Yes, please. / No, tha nk you.語(yǔ)法九小升初小練筆一、說(shuō)明以下句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的含義。A.能力；B.許可；C.猜想。I. “ Yost write more neatly, said the teacher.2. He ' s notin the office.must have gone to the meeting.3. Visitors mustn ' move and touc

40、h the exhibits.4. The girl can play the violin very well.5. Can I smoke here?二、完成對(duì)話，每空一詞.A: Lily, would you like someth ing to drink?B: Yes, I ' m thirsty now.A: What ?B: I 'a cup of tea, please.A: Would you like?B: No, thank you. I' m not hungry. you? Do you want something to eat?A: Yes

41、, I ' m hungry now. I ' d like some cakes.C: How cakes would you like?A: Four cakes, please. And a bottle of apple juice.C: An ythi ng else?A: No, that ' s all.C: Here you are.語(yǔ)法十現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真讀背以下句子，感受其句意！Have you bee n to the cin ema?r ve already 已經(jīng) see n it. I saw it last year.rve never 從不

42、been there. Have youever 曾經(jīng) been there?Have your mechanics finished yet 已經(jīng)？Have you met Mrs. Jones yet? Yes ， I have.Whe n did you meet her? I met her two weeks ago.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)含義：1表示過(guò)去發(fā)生在過(guò)去，并且已經(jīng)結(jié)束，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。She has lost her books .她喪失了她的書(shū).表示到目前為止還沒(méi)有找到2表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在I have lived in Beijing for three yea

43、rs. 強(qiáng)調(diào)live in Guangzhou 這個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去幵始持續(xù)到 了現(xiàn)在現(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：一肯定式 主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞 have has 過(guò)去分詞其它 I've just copied all the new words我剛抄寫了所有的生詞。 表示不要再抄了 二否認(rèn)式主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 have/ has+ not +過(guò)去分詞 +其它I haven't finished my homework yet 我還沒(méi)有完成我的作業(yè)。三一般疑問(wèn)式助動(dòng)詞 Have /Has 主語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞其它 ？Have you ever made dumplings ？你曾經(jīng)做過(guò)餃子嗎？ Yes ， I hav

44、e 是的，我做過(guò)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞：already ,yet , since , so far 到目前為止 ， up to now 到目前為止 in the past /last years 在過(guò)去的 幾年中 it is the first/second time: It is my first time I have been here.一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去，那么這兩種時(shí)態(tài)有什么區(qū)別呢？ 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與具體的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如： yesterday 連用；強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去發(fā)生，與現(xiàn) 在無(wú)關(guān)。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與自已的特征詞連用， 強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或過(guò)去開(kāi)始發(fā)生一

45、直 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。He saw the film last night. 過(guò)去時(shí)，表示他昨晚看過(guò)那部電影了，現(xiàn)在不知還要不要再看 一次 He has ever seen the film before. 現(xiàn)在 完成時(shí)，表時(shí)他已看過(guò)那部電影， 現(xiàn)在不想再看了 語(yǔ)法十 小升初小練筆 1 Who is Mary ？ ？ I saw you talking with her at the meetingA Don't you meet her yetB Didn't you met her yetCHaven't you met her yetD Hadn't yo

46、u met her yet 2 How do you like Beijing ， Mr Black ？ Oh ， I such a beautiful city A don't visit B didn't visitChaven't visitedD hadn't visited 3The old people lonely at all since we began to visit them once a weekAdon't feelB hasn't feltChaven't feltD.didn ' t feel 4

47、We have lived here five years ago Awhen B sinceCbeforeD after 1 、He has already finished hishomework 改為否認(rèn)句He finished his homework 2 They have found the lost books already改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作否認(rèn)答復(fù) they the lost books ? No, they 3. Julia has not got home from school yet . 改為肯定句Julia home from school .語(yǔ)法十一1. hav

48、e 與 have got 的用法 相同點(diǎn)：均表示有I have a bear. = I have got a bear.注意否認(rèn)改法差異：have 否認(rèn)形式 don have，第三人稱 does n't havehave got 否認(rèn)形式， have n't got,第三人稱 has n't got2. have動(dòng)詞的多用法你能舉出什么例子呢？我們熟悉的有：have breakfast, have lunch, have supper 這里 have 指 eathave water,have a bottle of coca, 這里 have 指 drinkhave a

49、 good time, have a trip, have a bath.3.行為動(dòng)詞have用法含義：吃、喝、從事、經(jīng)歷 (eat/drink/take/experienee )have fun快樂(lè)have a good time玩的咼興have a rest休息have a bath洗澡have a swim游泳have a holiday度假have a talk談話have a look at看下have breakfast吃早餐have lunch吃午飯have supper吃晚餐have dinner吃正餐have a haircut理發(fā)have some medici ne吃藥h

50、ave a meet ing幵會(huì)have a walk散步4. have 與 have got 用法1have 和 have got 均指 有have/has eg. It has two eggs.have got/ has got eg. It has got two eggs.2否認(rèn)形式don ' t have/doesn ' t hegeIt doesn' t have two eggs.haven ' t got/hasn' t got It hasn' t got two eggs.3區(qū)別have既可以用在正式也可以在非正式場(chǎng)合使用；

51、have got主要用于口語(yǔ)等非正式場(chǎng)合下語(yǔ)法A一小升初小練筆Stara pet, that is, Garfield.Story Time 用have/have got的正確形式填空，趕緊練習(xí)一下哦：Garfield _ many bad habbits.He gets up very late anda lot of meat every day. He a large bed,so he has to sleep on the floor every ni ght. What about you? you a lovely pet?語(yǔ)法十二 直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)1、直接引語(yǔ)：直接引用他人的

52、原話He says, “ I have just arrived in Scotland.2、間接引語(yǔ)：間接轉(zhuǎn)述他人的原話He says that he has just arrived in Scotla nd.3、直接引用變成間接引語(yǔ)A ?變符號(hào)：把逗號(hào)和引號(hào)變成 thatB.變?nèi)朔Q：一主二賓三不變e.g. I think that you were right.第一人稱和主句主語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)，第二人稱和主句賓語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)，第三人稱不用變C ?變時(shí)態(tài):主現(xiàn)從隨便 主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句隨著間接引用可以為任意時(shí)態(tài)主過(guò)從也過(guò) 主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句需要變成過(guò)去的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)e.g. He said that he is right.X He said that he was right.真理永一現(xiàn) 如果從句描述的是真理，真理永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)e.g. He said that the light travels faster tha n the sound.語(yǔ)法十三：詞法一. 動(dòng)詞：表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)寺。n eed