初中英語非謂語動詞及練習(xí)

1、初中英語精典專題系列一、導(dǎo)入村長：“本村計劃-生育工作的難度一直很大?！庇浾撸骸盀槭裁?？”村長：“兩年前村子旁邊修了鐵路，每天早上五點火車準(zhǔn)時經(jīng)過，汽笛一響，全村的人就都醒了。這個鐘點，你說起來吧，太早；你說接著睡吧，時間又太短”二、知識點回顧被動語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時 構(gòu)成： 一般過去時 構(gòu)成： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 構(gòu)成： 過去進(jìn)行時 構(gòu)成： 一般將來時 構(gòu)成： 過去將來時 構(gòu)成： 現(xiàn)在完成時 構(gòu)成： 過去完成時 構(gòu)成： 三、專題講解（一）概述：1.謂語動詞：在句子中擔(dān)任謂語的動詞2. 非謂語動詞：是動詞的特殊形式，在句中可以作除謂語外的所有成分（二）非謂語動詞使用條件：一個句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個主句（謂

2、語動詞）,又沒有連詞的情況下, 還有別的動詞出現(xiàn)時。She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.（三）非謂語動詞大都可在句中作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語、定語、狀語等.（四）動詞不定式（The Infinitive）1. 動詞不定式的基本構(gòu)成：由不定式符號to加動詞原形構(gòu)成。其否定式由not+不定式構(gòu)成肯定式：to do sth 否定式：not to do sth. 被動式：to be done 完成式：to have do

3、ne2. 動詞不定式的句法作用法：動詞不定式有副詞，形容詞和名詞的特征，因此在句中可作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語定語、狀語等成份。. 動詞不定式作主語： To teach English is my favorite. 動詞不定式作主語時可以放在后面，而用 it 作形式主語放在原主語的位置上。 It's necessary to find the witness. 有必要找到目擊者。 . 動詞不定式作賓語： 某些及物動詞可以用動詞不定式作賓語，這些動詞有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask.等

4、。 What I wish is to learn English well. 練習(xí)：1. They wanted _( get ) on the bus, didnt they?2. He said he wished _( be ) a professor.3. I agreed_ ( go ) there with the doctor.4. My daughter preferred _ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties.5. He had promised _ ( give ) me a hand.常跟疑問詞+不定式作賓語的動詞: tell

5、, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain know, show, discover, see(understand) He taught us how to use the tool. No one could tell me where to get the book. I hope youll advise me what to do. 動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語(與賓語之間的關(guān)系實際上是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系) 。 Please ask him to come here quickly.請叫他快過來。 練習(xí)：1.

6、 Mother told me _ come back before 10 oclock. 2. Ill get someone _ repair the recorder for you. 3. What caused him _ change his mind? 4.I wish you _ come as soo

7、n as possible. 5. He asked me _do the work with himA: advise allow ask beg cause expect encourage force get hate invite order wish  want warn remind promise permit persuade request + sb. to doB: see watch look at hear listen to feel notice + sb. + do doing doneC: make let have + sb. +

8、 doD: seen watched looked atsb. be + heard + to do listened to feltnoticedDid you notice anyone  (come )in ? I would have him  (wait) for me for a long time. 注意： 當(dāng)這類動詞轉(zhuǎn)為被動語態(tài)時， 其后的不定式則要加上“ to” 如： He is

9、 often heard _to sing_ the song·He was seen _to enter_ the room. . 動詞不定式作表語 ： What I should do is to finish the task soon. 我應(yīng)該做的是趕快完成任務(wù)。 . 動詞不定式作定語： I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告訴你。 注意： 如果不定式是不及物的，它后面就應(yīng)有必要的介詞。如： He is looking for a room to live

10、in Please give me a knife to cut with. 不定式作狀語： We went to the hospital to see our teacher. 我們?nèi)メt(yī)院看了我們的老師。 （五）動 名 詞動名詞是由動詞原形 + ing 構(gòu)成，同現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，在句中可作主語， 賓語，表語和定語。 1) 動名詞作主語： Talking like that is not polite. （注：動名詞可以象動詞不定式一樣，用 it 先行祠代替， 而把動名詞寫在后面。 It's no use waiting here, let's go home. 2) 動名詞

11、作表語 Seeing is believing. 3） 動名詞作賓語 有些動詞須用動名詞來作賓語,它們是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep. Please stop smoking in the house. 4）動名詞作定語 She is studying in the reading room. （動名詞的否定形式：not + 動名詞 He pretend not knowing it at all. 他假裝全然不知。 動名詞的被動形式 ： （當(dāng)動名詞和它的邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系時，用動名詞的被動形式來表示。）

12、His being looked down upon made him sick. 四、鞏固練習(xí)：(A) 用括號中的動詞適當(dāng)形式填空1.We are so glad _ (hear) the news.2.I saw him _ (cross) the road safely and _ (run) away.3.You cant make him _ (do) what you want.4.I dont know where _ (meet) him.5.What makes you _ (think) Im a farmer?6.Did you see him _ (go) upstai

13、rs?7.It is better _ (put) your money in a bank.8.It is difficult for the boy _ (swim) across the river.9.I let him _ (go) early as he wanted _ (meet) his uncle at the station.10.Will you help me _ (move) the bed?11.If he doesnt know, how _ (use) the recorder, youd better _ (show) him.12.He is the la

14、st one _ (leave) the office every day.13.Its bad manners _ (shout) in public.14.The boy is old enough _ (dress) himself.15.She is too ill _ (go) to school.1. Im thirsty. Will you get me something _? A. drink B. to drink C. eat D. eating2. It was great fun _ a picnic on the hill. A. to have B. of hav

15、ing C. have D. had3. Its bad for your eyes _ computer games for a long time. A. plays B. to play C. play D. played4. -Do you often hear John _ in his room? -Yes. Listen! Now we can hear him _ in his room. A. sing; to sing B. singing; singing C. sing; singing D. to sing; singing5. Why not _? A. let h

16、im to go home B. to let him go home C. let him go home D. to let him to go home五、拓展訓(xùn)練。六、反思總結(jié)。附件：當(dāng)堂過手訓(xùn)練 1. Boys, don't forget _ the windows before you leave the classroom.A. closingB. closedC. to closingD. to close2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock.A. to have restedB. r

17、estingC. to restD. rest4. Remember _ the lights when you leave the office.A. to turn offB. turning offC. turn offD. to turning off1.Let me _(help) you _ (water) the flowers.2.Little Sandy would love _(take) to the cinema this evening. 3. Though he often made his deskmate _(cry), today he was made _(cry) by his deskmate.4. I saw him _ into the small store.A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone5. Tell the boy _ out of the window.A.not to look B. to n