賓語從句詳解課件公開課

1、Object Clauses 賓語從句 I know him . 2. I know who he is . 主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語（簡單句）（簡單句）主語主語謂語謂語賓賓 語語 從從 句句連詞連詞 從句主語從句主語 從句謂語從句謂語 主主 句句（復(fù)合句）（復(fù)合句）什么是什么是賓語賓語？ I know him. Do you have the time? I think (that) she is beautiful. Why dont you pay attention to me? 賓語位于謂語動(dòng)詞或者介詞后賓語從句（賓語從句（Object Clause）1. I dont know w

2、hen we shall meet again. 我不知道我們什么時(shí)間會(huì)見面。我不知道我們什么時(shí)間會(huì)見面。 2. This reminded me of what he had once promised me. 這使我想起他曾對(duì)我的許諾。這使我想起他曾對(duì)我的許諾。 OCSPOCSP一、賓語從句的概念從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）或介詞之后通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）或介詞之后。 eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were r

3、ight.二、賓語從句三要素二、賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語語 序序時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài)由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由連接代詞由連接代詞 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和連接副詞和連接副詞 where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（一）引導(dǎo)詞1 12 23 3e.g. I hear (that) _. He said (that) _. 1.The teacher told us (that) _ _. he will be back

4、 in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句注注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略around the sunthat不能省略不能省略的兩種情況的兩種情況（1）當(dāng)）當(dāng)that作介詞作介詞 ，about 賓語時(shí)賓語時(shí)They believe in that she must still be single. I know nothing about him except that he i

5、s living in Beijing. （2）用用it做做形式賓語形式賓語的賓語從句時(shí)（的賓語從句時(shí)（ it?？梢苑旁趧?dòng)詞常可以放在動(dòng)詞think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作為形式賓語，等后作為形式賓語，而真正的賓語而真正的賓語that從句則放在句從句則放在句尾）尾） I think it necessary that you should read English aloud. We heard it that she would get married next month.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引

6、導(dǎo)的賓語從句if/ whether “是否是否”，說明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清，說明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在楚。常用在ask, know， wonder, can (could) you tell me 等后。等后。Are you a student? Please tell me.= Please tell me if /whether you are a student. Do you go to school by bike every day? Could you tell me?=Could you tell me if/whether you go to school b

7、y bike every day?1. I want to know .Will he go to the park with us?=_ _ I want to know if/whether he will go to the park with us. I ask him. Can he come?_1. Could you tell me?2. Does Mr. Li lives here?_只能用只能用 whether不能用不能用 if 的情況的情況1. 在在介詞介詞后面：后面： Im thinking of whether we should go fishing. We are

8、worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2. 在在動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式前前(whether to do sth.) ： They asked me whether to go skating.3.當(dāng)與當(dāng)與or not連用，或連用，或提出兩種選擇提出兩種選擇時(shí)時(shí): I dont know whether hes free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the roo

9、m.4. 賓語從句賓語從句提前提前時(shí)：時(shí)： Whether this is true or not, I cant say.Practice timeif / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I wonder _ he is well.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.5. I dont know _ to go. if / whetherwhetherwhether /ifwhetherwhether3) 特殊疑問句用作賓語從句時(shí)，用特

10、殊疑問句用作賓語從句時(shí)，用原句原句中的疑問詞中的疑問詞引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。注意：注意：要將要將疑問句語疑問句語序序改為改為陳述句語序（即陳述句語序（即S+V+)S+V+)Who are you waiting for? Can you tell me?=Can you tell me who you are waiting for?What did he do yesterday? I dont know.=I dont know what he did yesterday.V V助助V V實(shí)實(shí)“做做”V V實(shí)實(shí)“做做”1. He asked _. 2. Do you know_?3. He aske

11、d_.4. Do you know _?5. Please tell me _. 6. Can you tell me _?7. Could you tell me _? who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose bike was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late由由疑問代詞疑問代詞 Who, whom, whose, which

12、, what 和和疑問副詞疑問副詞 where, how, why, when引導(dǎo)的賓從引導(dǎo)的賓從代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略不可省略。賓語從句的語序用賓語從句的語序用陳述語序陳述語序：連接詞連接詞+ +主語主語+ +謂語謂語+ +其他成分其他成分His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library . I dont know what did

13、 he want to buy . I dont know what he wanted to buy .主句主句+連接詞連接詞+從句（主從句（主+謂謂+其他成分）其他成分） Whats wrong? Whats the matter? WhatWhats happening?s happening? What happened? 注注：當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子：當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子 以及以及what, who作主語時(shí)，作主語時(shí)，語序不變語序不變：eg: I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?Can you

14、 tell me who he is ?做主語做主語做賓語做賓語否定的轉(zhuǎn)移否定的轉(zhuǎn)移 若主句謂語動(dòng)詞為若主句謂語動(dòng)詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，等， 其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。I dont think this dress fits you well. I dont think you are right. 我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。我認(rèn)為你是錯(cuò)的

15、。我認(rèn)為你是錯(cuò)的。 I dont believe you will finish the work today. 我認(rèn)為你今天無法完成工作。我認(rèn)為你今天無法完成工作。 時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)：1. 主句是主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句，賓語從句時(shí)態(tài)不變時(shí)態(tài)不變。 It is going to rain. I think. = I think (that) it is going to rain.2) He is a worker. He tells me.= He tells me (that) he is a worker.3) They will have a trip. He tells me.

16、= He tells me (that) they will have a trip. 4) Have you finished reading the book? I wonder.=I wonder if / whether you have finished reading the book.5) Did you do your homework last night? I ask.= I ask if / whether you did your homework last night.6) He was watching TV at 10 oclock last night. He

17、tells me.= He tells me that he was watching TV at 10 oclock last night.7) They had gone when I came. I tell him.= I tell him that They had gone when I came. 1) He can go with me. He said. =He said he could go with me.2.2. 時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)：如果如果主句主句是是過去的時(shí)態(tài)過去的時(shí)態(tài)（一般過去時(shí)，（一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)），過去進(jìn)行時(shí)），從句從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過相對(duì)

18、應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)） It is going to rain. I thought. = I thought it was going to rain.2) He is a worker. He told me.= He told me that he was a worker.3) They will have a trip. He told me.= He told me that they would have a trip. 4) Have you finished reading

19、 the book? I wondered.=I wondered if / whether you had finished reading the book.5) Did you do your homework last night? I asked.= I asked if / whether you did your homework last night.6) He was watching TV at 10 oclock last night. He told me.= He told me that he was watching TV at 10 oclock last ni

20、ght.7) They had gone when I came. I told him. =I told him that They had gone when I came. 3.注意注意：如果從句表示的是：如果從句表示的是客觀真理或不變客觀真理或不變的事實(shí)的事實(shí)，從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。，從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Our teacher told us that the moon goes /travels around the Earth.The teacher told us that light travels/ goes faster than sound.He said that L

21、iu Xiang is a famous sports star. The teacher told me she was born in 1960. I heard that he went to Paris last night.4. 從句中有從句中有具體時(shí)間狀語具體時(shí)間狀語，即使，即使從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前，仍從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前，仍用用一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)。1. I know (that) he _ (join) the Party in 2000.2. Could you tell me where he _(mend) his bike at that time?3. I s

22、ee that they _ (play) football over there.4. Tell me where he _ (live).5. I want to know how long you _ (have) this bike.6. I hear that he _(come) tomorrow.joinedwas mendingare playingliveshave had/keptwill come根據(jù)主句，在賓語從句中填入根據(jù)主句，在賓語從句中填入正確的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)：正確的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)：7.I knew that he _(join) the League in 2000.8.

23、I wanted to know how you _ (get) on with your classmates.9. He told me that he_(have) this bike for three years.10. I wondered if he _(come) tomorrow. joinedgot had hadwould come11.Our teacher told us that light _(go) faster than sound.12. We all knew that the moon _(move) round the sun.13. It was t

24、rue that there _(be) twelve months in a year.goesmovesare14.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)15.The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)16.I heard they _ (return) it already. 17.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)18.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east

25、. (rise) will be goes had returned had been rises以以 wh-wh- 疑問詞或疑問詞或 how how 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句與引導(dǎo)的賓語從句與動(dòng)動(dòng)詞不定式詞不定式可相互轉(zhuǎn)換可相互轉(zhuǎn)換: :疑問代詞疑問代詞 who, what, which 及疑問副詞及疑問副詞 when, where, why 等和動(dòng)詞不定式連用，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞等和動(dòng)詞不定式連用，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語。不定式短語。I didnt know what to do.=I didnt know what I should do.The policeman showed us where to go.

26、=The policeman showed us where we should go.Can you tell me how to make a kite? =Can you tell me how I can make a kite? I dont know what I can say next. = I dont know what to say next.He doesnt know where he can make a phone call.=He doesnt know where to make a phone call.主句和從句的主語為主句和從句的主語為同一人同一人，賓語從句，賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如下所示：可轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如下所示：賓語從句賓語從句三要素三要素時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài)SummarySummary ( (小結(jié)）小結(jié)）引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語語 序序?qū)⑾铝芯渥雍喜橐痪鋵⑾铝芯渥雍喜橐痪? :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Coul