2020屆閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

1、2020屆閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（3 ）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（ A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。（ 1 ）Volunteer DayWhat better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time? Come to Volunteer Day and choose an activity you d like to join for the day. See below for a s

2、chedule of events on Volunteer Day.Volunteer Day Schedule: 7:30 a.m.: Meet at the Community Center for juice and bagels.8 ；00-8 ： 30 a.m.: Choose which activity youd like to help withfor the day. 8:30 a.m.: Board the bus to your activity site. 9:00 a.m.3:30 p.m.: Work as a volunteer. 3:30 p.m.: Boar

3、d the bus that will take you back to the Community Center.See below for a list of volunteer opportunities for Volunteer Day so you can begin thinking about which activity you might want to join.A list of volunteer activities:Paint Houses: Happy Homes is a local organization that provides home painti

4、ng. For elderly or physically disabled people who cannot dorepairs to their homes. Happy Homes provides volunteer painters to repair old houses.Plant flowers: Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks, help lay paths at Cave Springs Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks.Readtochildr

5、en:LoveandLearningisanorganizationthatPlay with animals:provides volunteers to help children with learning disabilities. Read books out loud to groups of children four to six years old, or read one-on-one with struggling readers seven to eight years old.Lovely Friends is an organization that visits

6、localanimal shelters and provides volunteers to spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned.1. At what time do volunteers leave for their activity sites?A. 7:30a.m.B. 8:00a.m.C. 8:30a.m.D. 9:00a.m.2. An outdoor lover probably takes part in.A. Plant flowersB. Paint housesC. Read t

7、o childrenD. Play with animals3. What do Lovely Friends volunteers do?A. Read books to children.B. Spend time with animals.C. Help plant bushes in parks.riverD. Pick up garbage along the【答案】 1-3 CAB（ 2 ）The World Health Organization warns that millions of people aredying every year from indoor air p

8、ollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of peopleeach year. Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuelsand cook-stoves in the home. To help fight the problem, the WHO announced, new guidelines aimed at reducing household poll

9、utants.WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoorair pollution each year. Of that number, the WHO says about 4. 3 million people die

10、 from household air pollution given off by simple coalcook-stoves. WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke, heart and lung disease. The main victims are women andgirls in developing countries, where they usually stay at home and do the household work.CarlosDoraisCoordina

11、torintheWHO sDepartmentof PublicHealth,Environmentaland SocialDeterminantsofHealth.Hesayspeopleshouldnotuse unprocessedcoalandkerosene(煤油)fuelindoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air willnot improve the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors.NigelBruceisaprofessorof

12、PublicHealthattheUniversityofLiverpool.He saysresearchersaredevelopinggoodcook-stovesandother equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way.WHO experts note some new, safe and low-cost technologies thatcould help are already available. In India, you can buy an induction (電磁 ) stove for about $ 8.0

13、0. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $ 1. 00. But, this, the agency says, is just a start. It is urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating items.4. What does“ the problem” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Indoor a

14、ir pollution.B. Cooking habits.C. Poor cookstove.D. Use of natural gas.5. Why are women and girls the main victims of the indoor pollution?A. They are very weak in the developing countries.B. They are more sensitive to the indoor pollution.C. They are exposed to the indoor pollution more.D. They are

15、 lack of doing more exercise outdoors.6. Which of the following is a good way to avoid indoor air pollution?A. To open a window while cooking.B. To use unprocessed coal indoors.C. To popularize the traditional cook stoves in the home.D. To promote the cleaner and modern cooking items.7. What is the

16、best title of the text?A. How to prevent pollutionB. How to protect women and girlsC. Indoor pollution kills millions each yearD. The importance of health in developing countries【答案】 4-7 ACDC（ 3 ）Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation isgetting worse, according to the doct

17、ors. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were f

18、ewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this, because good eatinghabits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If ch

19、ildren are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will gofor sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exerc

20、ise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computergames. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime （消遣） ,it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.The abov

21、e are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as steeringthem away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.8.According to the text, what kind of children may eat more unhealthy food?A. Those who often do sportsB. Those who ofte

22、n walk to schoolC. Those who often watch televisionD. Those who often have meals at home9. The authorthinksthatchildrenare becomingoverweightbecause_.A. their parents often cook meals for themB. they are too busy to go out and playC. they cant choose what to eatD. there are too many fast food shops

23、around10.What does the underlined word steering in the last sentence most probably means?A. movingB.forcing.C.drivingD.guiding.11.The main purpose of the text is to .A. tell a storyB. provide factsC. give adviceD. compare opinions【答案】8-11 CD DC（ 4 ）Humans spend nearly a third of their lives sleeping

24、. Going withoutsleepwillmakeyoupsychotic(精神錯(cuò)亂 )and,eventually,killyou,clear that shut-eye is important to the bodys ability to function. But noone knows what sleep actually does.“Its sort of embarrassing.”ItssaidDr. Michael Halassa, a neuroscientist at New York University. It s obvious why we need t

25、o eat but its not clear why we need to sleep at allWere easily hurt when we re asleep, so whatever sleep does, it must be worth the risk of the brain taking itself mostly offline. There area few theories about why we sleep, and although none of them are totally solid, a few try to explain what happe

26、ns each night, pulling inresearch on topics ranging from cellular processes to cognition. Researchers say it does seem clear that sleep is key to the brain sability to recognise itself. It s not hard to prove that sleep is important.Ratstotallydeprived( 剝奪 ) ofsleepdiewithintwoorthreeweeks,according

27、toresearchbythepioneeringuniversityof Chicagosleepscientists Allan Rechtschaffen. No one has done similar experiments onhumans,buta 2014studypublishedinThe Joumalof Eurosciencefound that mere 24 hours of sleep deprivation caused heathy people tohave hallucinations(幻覺 )and other psychotic symptoms.On

28、e reason why it is difficult to get a handle on why we sleep is that sleep is actually pretty difficult to study. Sleep deprivation studies are the most common way to study sleep, but depriving an animal of sleep disturbs many of its biological systems. Its hard to tell which outcomes are directly d

29、ue to sleep deprivation rather than, say, stress.The other reason why sleep is hard to understand is that the brain may be doing two different things during the two major stages of sleep.Asthenightwearson,sleeperscyclethroughnon-rapideyemovement(non-REM)and rapid eye movement (REM)sleep. The brainse

30、lectricalactivityduringREMsleep looksmuchlikeit doeswhenaperson is awake, but the muscles of the body dont work.12.Whatdoes theunderlinedphraseget a handleon meanin thethird paragraph?A. deal withB. keep pace withC. take control ofD. get an understanding of13. Which of the following may scientists h

31、ave no doubt about?A. Why we need sleep.B Sleep is importantC. Sleepis easyto study.D. Stresscausessleepdeprivation14. Why has nobody done sleep-deprivation experiments on humans?A. They cost humans life.B. They do great harm to humans.C. All biological systems may be disturbed.D. Human brains do di

32、fferent things during sleep.15. Where can this passage most probably be found?A. In a scientific report.C. In an official document.B. In a lifestyle report.D. In a book review【答案】 12-15 DBBA（ 5 ）Someeducatorstoldusthatmoreyearsofschoolcouldhelpstudents get higher scores on intelligence tests. That w

33、as a finding of astudy of teenage males in some countries. Now, another research showsthat physical activity may help students do better in their classes.The research comes as educators in some countries are reducingtimeforactivitieslikephysicaleducation.Theyareusingthetimeinsteadforacademicsubjects

34、likemathandreading.Thestudiesappearedbetween2008and2014.They includedmorethan55 ，000children, aged 6 to 18.Amika Singh ：“ According conclude that being physically performance. There are, first, blood flow, and so more oxygentotheresultsactiveisphysiologicalto the brain.of our study ， we can benefici

35、al for academic explanations, like more Being physically activemeans there are more hormones produced like endorphins ( endorphins make your stress level lower and your內(nèi)啡肽 )And mood improved,which means you also perform better.”Also, students taking part in organized sports learn rules and howto fol

36、low them. This could improve their classroom behaviour and helpthem keep their mind on their work.The study leaves some questions unanswered, however. Ms Stashsays it is notpossibleto say whetherthe amountor kindof activityaffectedthelevelofacademicimprovement.Thisisbecauseofdifferences among the st

37、udies.The researchers said they found only two high-quality studies. Theyneeded more high-quality studies to confirm their findings. They alsopointed out that“ results for other_parts _of_the worldmay_be_quite_different”Still, the general finding was that physically active kids are more likely to do

38、 better in school. Ms Singh says schools should consider that finding before they cut physical education programs. Her paper on“ Physical Activity and Performance at School Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine”.is published in the16 The passage mainly tells us that_A aresearchonphysicaleduc

39、ationhasbeendonebytheresearchersB there is a possibility that physical activity leads to higher gradesCthe amount or kind of activity directly affects academic levelD the research shows that the children aged 6 to 18 dont do sports17 Which of the following is TRUE?ABeing mentally active is good for

40、academic subjects.B The more hormones you have, the more stressed you will get.CThe researchers have found many high- quality studies to provethe research.D The educatorsinsomecountriesthinkstudies,notexercise,mean much to students.18 The underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 probably means_Agood marks

41、 result from high- quality studyB findings are probably different in different areasCphysical activity will spread all over the worldD academic performance depends on the surroundings19 Whats the purpose of writing the passage?ATo call our attention to the sports at school.B To introduce all types o

42、f physical activities.CTo represent the academic performance.D To improve students health.【答案】 BDBA（6 ）Do you enjoy reading? Do you read newspapers or magazines? Chances are, if you do any of these activities, your preschool child is on his way to becoming a reader.The process of learning to read is

43、 complex, and one of the most important things to know is that parents can help their children learnto read. As children have conversations with adults, they hear both new and familiar words and their vocabulary grows.There are many opportunities for adults and children to talk together, such as whe

44、n riding in the car or in a bus, doing houseworklike fixing dinner, or bathing and getting ready for bed. A major part of conversation is listening. When children talk, adults listen and respond.Then children listen and respond, and so the flow of conversation happens.Have you watched your preschool

45、 child pretend to read to his younger sisters or brothers? Have you read his favorite story over andover? These experiences tell children that reading is fun. And when things are fun and they are repeated, your child will see letters. He begins to connect them to familiar words, especially the lette

46、rs that make up his name. A natural next step for him to take is to write the letters.When children see parents make a grocery list, they want to use apencil and paper to make their own list. To encourage these beginningwritingactivities,havepencils,markers,crayonsandscrappaperwithin your childrens

47、reach.The morechildrenget connectedwithtalking,listening,readingand writing, the easier it is for them to become active readers. While youas a parent have a big influence on these early behaviors, it is importantto remember that opportunities for literacy( 識(shí)字 ) experiences when you and your child sh

48、are in the basic routines of everyday life.happen20 ThethirdparagraphtellsusthatparentscantalkwiththeirchildrenAduring daily routinesB only in quiet placesCin their spare timeD when they are eagerto talk21 During the process of learning to read, children mayAcopy the action of the adultsB prefer to

49、talk with those of their own ageCshow no interest in reading at allD waste a lot of paper and other materials22 When do children want to learn to write?AWhen their parents ask them to do so.B When they believe they can write well.CWhen they know what they want to know.D When they can connect letters

50、 with familiar words.23 The passage is written toAtalk about parents influence on their childrens behaviorB encourage parents to set a good example to their childrenCadvise parents to make reading a part of their childrens daily lifeD make parents believe in the importance of early reading【答案】 AADC（

51、 7 ）Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical（臨床的） depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlierstudy findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levelsof light overnight can develop clinical depression. Doctors use the wordclinical depression to describe severe form of depression. Signs mayinclude loss of interest or pleasure in most activities