八年級英語上冊知識要點

1、磋砣莫遺韶光老，人生惟有讀書好深圳牛津版英語八年級上冊知識要點復習1-6第一課知識要點一、單詞1.liquid液體solid固體（sold）2.gas氣體(has;was)cover覆蓋(discover；over)3.stream小溪(dream;icecream)tap龍頭(tape;cap;map;top)4.freeze驚呆；嚇呆(froze;freezen)pump用泵輸送（jump）5.waste浪費（taste嘗起來）sound聽起來；似乎（round;found）6.angry生氣的；憤怒的obey服從；順從（disobey違反）7.nod點頭(not;now;nor)tota

2、l總數(shù)；合計8.treatment處理；治療（treatv.）works工廠；著作；作品9.travel旅行(travelern.)pipe管子10.until直到時（=till）sewage（下水道的）污水"pollute污染(pollutionn.)valuable有價值的；寶貴的（valuev.）12.mint鑄幣廠(mine;mind)shiny光亮的（shinen.）13.customer顧客；客戶ordinary普通的14.owner主人；物主（ownv.&adj.）bath洗澡；沐?。╬ath；both）15.pour涌流；傾斜（four;tour旅行；sour

3、酸；hour;yourour)16.plant工廠；植物；種植（plan;plane;planet;pant長褲子；plain平原）二、短語（詞組）1.gobackto=;returnto回到2.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.給某人某物3.twothirds三分之二thinkabout=consider考慮；思考4.fromto從到layeggs卜蛋5.afew=notmany不多；幾乎沒有alittle=notmuch不多；幾乎沒有6.shakeone'shead頭nodone''shead點頭7.dropinto把扔進carryto把送到8.on

4、theright/left在右邊/左邊comeoutof從出來9.agreewithsb.同意某人意見agreetodosth.問忌做杲事10.atleast最少；至少atmost最多11. brush the teeth 刷牙12. come / be from 來自13. be angry with sb. 生某人的氣infact事實上clean.up=make.clean打掃干凈14. in the first place = at first首先；起初in the end = at last = finally最后；最終15. turn .off/on關閉 / 打開（電器等） turn

5、 . up / down 調高/調低（聲音/音量）三、句型結構1. use sth. to do sth. = do sth. with sth. 用某物去做某事2. do one s best(to do sth.) 盡某人最大努力去做某事We should do our best to learn English well. 我們應該盡力學好英語。3. It ' s adj. for sb. to do sth.對于某人來說，做某事是 It''s very important for us to learn English well. 對我們來說，學好英語很重要。=

6、 To learn English well is very important for us.4. remember to do sth.記得去做某事( 未做 )remember doing sth.記得做了某事( 已做 )5. notuntil/ before . = .after直至U 才Kate didn''t go to bed until/ before she finished her homework yesterday.= Kate went to bed after she finished her homework yesterday.6. sb. spe

7、nd sm. on sth. = sb. pay sm.for sth. = sb. buy sth. for sm.= sth. cost sb. sm.某人花錢買某物Mary spent 500 yuan on the new bike last week. 上個星期 Kate 花 500 圓買這輛新自行車= Mary paid 500 yuan for the new bike last week.= Mary bought the new bike for 500 yuan last week.= The new bike cost Mary 500 yuan last week.7.

8、 pay attention to ( doing sth.)8. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞too many + 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)much too + adj. / adv. (原級)9. 系動詞 + adj. 系動詞通常包括注意 （做某事 ）太多 too much rain / sand太多 too many apples / dogs過于 / 太 much too fat / dirtybe 動詞(am/ is/ are/ was/ were ) 和 感官動詞（ look 看起來； sound 聽起來； smell 聞起來； taste 品嘗起來； feel 感覺起來）等The gir

9、l looked very happy today.The food smells very sad.beangryabout/atsth.因某事生氣10. adj./adv.（原級）+enough足夠enough修飾形容詞和副詞的原級，通常放在被修飾詞（形容詞/副詞）的后面。tallenough足夠高importantenough足夠重要11. alotof=lotsof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞通常用于肯定句，改為否定句或疑問句時常改為many或much.第二課知識要點一、單詞：1.local當?shù)氐?；本地的（location）term學期(team)2.publish出版；發(fā)行sugges

10、t建議(suggestionn.=advice)3.briefly簡要地conclude結束(=finish/end)4.experience經(jīng)驗；經(jīng)歷vote投票；選舉(votern.note)5.secretary秘書(secretadj.)section文件、書等的）節(jié)；項；段6.absent不在場的；缺勤的shame遺憾的事；可惜（share；same）7.form排列成；形式；年級mayor市長(may)8.deserve應受；應得（serve）march齊步走；行進（March；match）9.consider考慮(=thinkabout)stall攤位；貨攤(still；tall

11、；small)10.design設計(designersign)jar罐子(barcar；star；far)11.match競賽；比賽(=game；watch)teenage十三歲到十九歲的mittee委員會edition（書、報等）版次（editor）13.pleased高興的；滿足的；滿意的(pleasuren.pleasantadj.)14. hold15. feature舉行（過去式:held；cold；sold；told）（報紙、電視等中）特寫或專題節(jié)目；羽毛（leature皮革）16. praise17. elect表揚(raise；pride；proud)選舉(=chooseel

12、ection；elector=voterelectricity電；電子)18.free免費的；自由的；空閑的(freedomn.freeze)、短語（詞組）1.takechargeof=beinchargeof=beresponsiblefor負責；管理；對負責2. talk . over3. pay for = spend on4. make mistakes5. sit down = have a seat6. be pleased with商量；討論=discuss=talkabout付款askfor要求；請求犯錯write.down寫下；記下坐下；就坐finishdoingsth.完成

13、做某事對感到滿意have/holdameeting舉行會議7. takenotes記筆記oughtto=should應當；應該8. takepartin=joinin參加；加入（+活動）9. inoneweekstime=inowneeek一周后（指將來時間）10. allovertheworld=intheworld全世界照顧；照看11. takecareof=lookafter=carefortakecare=lookout=watchout=becareful小心；注意12. think about = consider 考慮13. find out查明；弄清楚14. more than

14、 = over 超過；多于15. keep healthy保持健康/衛(wèi)生16. be good at = do well inbe good for 對 .有好處makeadecision=descide決定lookfor尋找find找到onOctober1st在十月一日afterschool放學后擅長于.；在.方面好bebadfor對.有害17. hundrensofyearslater=afterhundrensofyears數(shù)百年后18. cometotheendofsth.結束某事=concludesth.三、句型結構:1. wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.

15、=feellikedoingsth.想要做某事2. lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.借給某人某物（類似有：sendshowgivepass）3. beinterestedin=bekeenon=befondof對一感興趣4. tellsb.（not）todosth.告訴某人不要做某事5. somethinginteresting有趣的東西不定代詞+adj.（形容詞修飾不定代詞，形容詞放在不定代詞的后面。）somethingimportant重要的東西/事情6. either.or不是.就是.（連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞用就近原則）neither.nor不.也不.；.和.（兩

16、者）都不EitherIorTomisgoingtoplaybasketball.不是我就是Tom將參加打籃球。NeitherKatenorMarydoeswellinChinese.Kate和Mary兩個都不擅長于語文/中文。7. like.best最喜歡.Ilikeplayingbasketballbest.=Myfavouritesportisplayingbasketball.8. agreetodosth.同意做某事agreewithsb.同意某人意見9. decidetodosth.=makeadecisiontodosth.=makeupone''smindtodo

17、sth.決定做某事makeadecisionaboutsth.對某事作出決定10. arrangetodosth.安排做某事11. suggest doing sth.建議做某事suggest sb. To do sth. 建議某人做某事感嘆句How + adj./adv.+ ( 主語 + 謂語 )!What(a/an)adj.+n.+(主語+謂語)!WhatabeautifulgirlKateis!=HowbeautifulKateis!Whatimportantworkitis!=Howimportanttheworkis!Whathappychildrentheyare!=Howhapp

18、ythechildrenare!第三課知識要點1.innocent無辜的；無罪的detective偵探(active)2.guilty犯罪的；有罪的recent最近的；近來的3.case案件(cage;cave;care;cake;base)alone獨自；單獨(along)4.lock鎖；鎖上(cock;rock;sock)safe保險箱；安全的(save)5.clue線索(blueclub)earring耳環(huán)(earring)6.question提問；質問；問題necklace項鏈(neck)7.proof證據(jù)(roof)ruby紅寶石(rugby)8.suspect嫌疑犯;可疑對象adm

19、it承認9.own自己的；本人的；擁有(owner)insurance保險10.jail監(jiān)獄(tail;fail;sail)bracelet手鐲(bracelet)11.emerald綠寶石diamond鉆石12.piece(尤指一套中的)一件；塊；條separately單獨地；分別地13.crime犯罪行為belt皮帶(bell)14.frightened受驚嚇的；害怕的(frightenv.)doorway門口(doorway)15.string線；繩子(=rope)(strong)carpet地毯(carpet)二、詞組(短語)：1.workas=be從事工作knockat/onthed

20、oor敲門2.breakinto闖入bumpinto撞擊3.steal.from從偷來seethefilm看電影、單詞:犯錯坐牢4.makemistakesbehindbarsask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事5.arriveat/in=getto=reach到達6. wait for等待instead of代替7. find out找到8. belong to屬于9. in the end = at last = finally 最后10. in / on the wall 在墻上/里11. let/ make sb. do sth.12. show sth. to sb.

21、 = show sb. sth.13. at once = right away = in no time14. be the same as與 .相同15. at first = in the first place = first of alllook for尋找enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事between.and.在 .和.之間（兩者）in/ on the hand 在手里 / 中使某人做某事給某人看某物 （ pass/ give/ send/ lend）馬上；立刻be different from 與 .不同首先16. aswellas也；又=also/aswell/to

22、o17. turn.on打開（電器；電；煤氣等）turn.off關閉turn.up調高/調大turn.down調低/調小三、句型結構:1. no longer = notany longer/moTB再2. forget to do sth.忘記去做某事forget doing sth.忘記做了某事書籍是人類知識的總結,書籍是全世界的營養(yǎng)品。莎士比亞3.sb.buysth.forsm.=sb.pay/spendsm.for/onsth.=sth.costsb.sm.某人花錢買某物4. find it adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事.findsb.doingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事5.

23、finish./practicedoingsth.完成/練習做某事6. beafraidof害怕beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事希望 / 想要做某事注意 /通知某人做某事7. hope/wanttodosth.8. noticesb.doingsth.四、語法：（動詞不定式、動名詞）動詞不定式：分為帶to的動詞不定式（to+動詞原形）和不帶to的動詞不定式常和動詞不定式（todo）連用的動詞有：1. decide/hope/plan/want/arrange/learn/agree/refuse（拒絕）todosth.2. suggest/ask/tell/teach/want/wi

24、sh/encourage（鼓勵）sb.todosth.3. keep/see/watch/hear/noticesb.doingsth.看見/聽到某人正在做某事（正在進行常和動名詞（doing）連用的動詞有：suggest/admit/deny/enjoy/finish/mind/keep/practice(練習)doingsth.后可接動詞不定式也可接動名詞的動詞，但兩種形式所表達的意思有所不同：但兩種形式所表達的意思有所不同:rememberforgetstopremember to do sth. 記住去做某事(未做 )remember doing sth. 記起來做一某事（已做 ）fo

25、rget to do sth. 忘記去做某事（未做）forget doing sth. 忘記已做某事( 已做)stop doing sth.停止做某事（正在做）stoptodoingsth.停下來去做某事（未做）其賓語后可接動名詞也可接不帶to的動詞不定式的動詞有：seewatchhear看見/聽到某人做了某事（已做）see/watch/hear/noticesb.dosth.see/watch/hear/noticesb.doingsth.看見/聽到某人正在做某事（正在進行）其賓語后只可接不帶的動詞不定式的動詞有：makelethave (使得)make/ let sb. do sth.讓

26、/使某人做某事使得某人做某事havesb.dosth.第四課知識要點、單詞1.drive驅動器；駕駛（drove；driven）monitor（計算器）顯示器；班長2.speaker揚聲器；喇叭（speak；speech）keyboard鍵盤(keyboard)3.print打印(point；paint；printer)mouse鼠標(pl:mice；house)4.control控制hide藏；隱藏(hid；hidden)5.tiny極小的；微小的（=verysmall）judge法官；審判員6.realize察覺到；意識到（=beawareof）company公司7.rarely很少；不常

27、（=seldom）type打字；鍵入；類型8.reference標識distance距離(dance；distant)9.railway鐵路(rail)raise提出（問題等）（praise）10.supply供應；提供(offer;provide)opinion意見；看法11.price價格(rice；piece)medium中等的；中號的12.quantity數(shù)量modern現(xiàn)代的13.disagree不同意(agree)hot辣的；熱的（heat）14.smooth柔和的(=soft)speed速度(atthespeedof)15.operate操作；使運行(operation；oper

28、ator)16.order訂單；命令；順序（inorderof以.順序；inordertodosth為了做某事）/詞組1.hardlyever難得；幾乎不=seldomforthetimebeing暫時2. write.down寫下3. be made of由構成4. such as例如5. at the same time同時6. in the future在未來so many/ much如此多；很多think about = consider 考慮in my opinion = I think 我認為 .communicate with與溝通each other = one another

29、 互相；彼此7. intheworld=allovertheworld全世界8. atthemoment=now=atpresent現(xiàn)在這個問題的答案不知道；未察覺be good at = do well in 擅長于依賴于9. theanswertothisquestion10. beunawareof=notknowabout11. beableto=can會；能；可以12. bedependenton=dependon13. beshortof=notenough缺少的；不夠的beshortfor縮寫；簡稱三、句型結構：1. sendsth.tosb.=sendsb.sth.送給某人某物

30、2. helpsb.dosth.幫助某人做某事helpsb.withsth.在某方面幫助某人helponeselfto+食物請自用withone''shelp在某人的幫助下can''t/couldn''thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事3. usesth.fordoingsth.=usesth.todosth.=dosth.withsth.用某物做某事4. givesth.tosb.=givesb.sth.給某人某物5. payattentiontodoing注意做某事6. preferAtoB=likeAbetterthanB比起B(yǎng)來更

31、喜歡AKateprefersChinatoJapan.=KatelikesChinabetterthanJapan.7. What''sthepriceofthebooks?=Howmucharethebooks?四、語法：形容詞的比較等級形容詞比較級和最高級絕大多數(shù)形容詞有三種形式原級、比較級和最高級形容詞的比較級和最高級:形容詞的比較級和最高級形式是在形容詞的原級形式的基礎上變化的。分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。形容詞的比較級和最高級的規(guī)則變化如下:1） 通常在單音節(jié)詞尾加-er和-est：great（原級）greatergreatest2） 以-e結尾的單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-r和

32、-st:wide（原級）widerwidest3）以輔音字母+y結尾的形容詞，把y改i再加-er和-est:happy:happierhappiesteasy:easiereasiestearly:earlierearliest4） 以一個元音字母+一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫該輔音字母后再加-er和sad: sadder saddest-ly 等結尾的雙音節(jié)詞，在其前加more 和 most：helpless: more helpless most helplessworried: more worried most worriedfriendly: more friendly mo

33、st friendly-estbig（原級）：biggerbiggest5） 以后綴-ful、-less、-ing、-ed、helpful:morehelpfulmosthelpfulboring:moreboringmostboringtired:moretiredmosttired6） 在多音節(jié)詞其前加more和most:beautiful:morebeautifulmostbeautifuldifficult:moredifficultmostdifficultimportant:moreimportantmostimportant7） 以-w結尾的詞在其詞后加-er和-est:new:

34、newernewestfew:fewerfewest形容詞前如加less和least則表示"更不"和"最不"important重要lessimportant更不重要leastimportant最不重要不規(guī)則變化的形容詞的比較級和最高級須特殊牢記原級比較級最高級原級比較級最高級good/ wellbetterbestmany/ much moremostbad/ ill/ badlyworseworstlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthest （多指距離、路程）furtherfurthest （多指時間）1、形容詞原級用法1 ）、

35、too/very/quite/so/rather+原級2）、原級+enough足夠.3）、as+原級+as與.一樣.4）、Anotas/so+原級+asBA不如/不及B.TomisnotastallasJim.Tom不如Jim高.（Tom比Jim矮/jim比Tom高）=TomisshorterthanJim.=JimistallerthanTom.MaryisnotsobeautifulasJane.Mary不如Jane漂亮。（Jane比Mary漂亮）=MaryislessbeautifulthanJane.=JaneismorebeautifulthanMary.2 、形容詞比較級的用法:形

36、容詞的比較級用于兩個人或事物的比較,其結構形式如下:1 ）、比較級+thanKateistallerthanJenny.Thispictureismorebeautifulthanthatone.這張照片比那張照片漂亮.Thismeetingislessimportantthanthatone.這次會議不如那次會議重要.2）、比較級and比較級越來越.Moreandmore+多音節(jié)詞原形越來越.fatterandfatter越來越胖tallerandtaller越來越高moreandmorebeautiful越來越漂亮moreandmoreimportant越來越重要3）、the比較級+（句子

37、），the比較級+（句子）越.就越.Themorewedosports,thehealthierweare.我們越運動，我們就越健康.Themorecarefulweare,thefewerwemakemistakes.我們越認真，我們犯錯誤就越少.4）、比較級+than+anyother+名詞單數(shù)=比較級+than+theother+名詞復數(shù)Mikeistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.=Mikeistallerthantheotherboysinhisclass.=Mikeisthetalestboyinhisclass.備注：用much、alittle、ev

38、en等副詞修飾比較級Thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.太陽比月亮大得多。TomisalittlefatterthanJim.Tom比Jim胖一點點。SheismuchmorebeautifulthanKate.她比Kate漂亮得多。磋砣莫遺韶光老，人生惟有讀書好3、 形容詞最高級的用法:（形容詞最高級前常需用定冠詞the修飾）形容詞最高級用于兩個以上的人或物進行比較,其結構形式為:1 ）、主語+謂語（系動詞）+the+形容詞最高級+名詞+比較范圍（in/ofall）:Sheisthebeststudentinherclass.她是班上最好的學生。=Sheisbette

39、rthananyotherstudent/theotherstudentsinherclass.Thisisthemostbeautifulappleofall.這是所有蘋果中最大的蘋果。LiLeiistheyoungestofthethree.LiLei是這三個中最年輕的.2）、oneof+the最高級+名詞復數(shù)ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.上海是中國最大城市之一。形容詞比較等級專項練習題I、寫出下列各詞的比較級和最高級形式：原級比較級最高級原級比較級最高級1、much2、little3、good4、bad5、far6、many7、ill8、w

40、ell9、big10、easy11、heavy12、new13、old14、young15、few16、busy17、short18、hot19、cold20、dry21、wet22、thin23、fat24、sad25、happy26、sunny27、red28、nice29、early30、late31、slow32、clean33、careful34、dangerous35、important書籍是人類知識的總結,書籍是全世界的營養(yǎng)品。 莎士比亞36、delicious37、popular38、useful39、excited40、tiringII、用所給形容詞的正確形式填空：1、The

41、boyisvery2、Theruleris3、Thattreeismuch4、Tomis5、Tomis6 、Julyis7 、Basketballis8 、Whichis9 、Whois(tall).(long)ofthefour.(heavy)thanthisone.good)thanJimatswimming.(young)thanLiLei.(hot)monthinayearinchina.(popular)thanfootballinChina(few),thatboxorthisbox?(heavy),Tom,JimorLinTao?10、Johnhasmuch(many)apple

42、sthanJim.11、Insummer,thenightsget(short)andthedaysget(long).12、Haveagoodrest,youwillget(well)tomorrow.13、 Heis14、 Thissongis15、 、Whohas16、 Tomis17、 Johnruns(good)atEnglishinourclass.(popular)ofall.(little)milk,Tom,Jim,KateorRose?(careful)thanme.(quick)ofus.18.Theboyis(old)enoughtogotoschool.19.Maryi

43、soneof(beautiful)girlsinherschool.20.Sheisso(tired)thatshecan''twalkanylonger.III、同義句轉換（每空一詞）：1、LiLeiistheyoungestboyinhisclass.LiLeiisthanboyinhisclass.LiLeiisthanboysinhisclass.2、Tomistallerthantheotherboysintheclass.Tomisboyintheclass.3 、Theorangesarecheaperthananyotherfruit.Theorangesare

44、ofthefruit.4 、PingpongisthemostpopulargameinChina.PingpongisthananyothergameinChina.PingpongisthangamesinChina.6. Thisboxisheavierthanthatbox.Thatboxisthanthisbox.7. 、Thisboxis35kg.Thatboxis25kg.Thisboxisthanthatbox.Thatboxisthanthisbox.8. 、Tomisseven.Jackisnine.Maryistwelve.Tomisofthree.JackisthanM

45、ary.Maryisofthree.JackisTom.9. TomisnotsotallasMike.TomisMike.MikeisTom.10. Artisnotasimportantasmaths.Mathsisart.Artismaths.IV、選擇題：()1.IthinkscienceisthanJapanese.A.muchimportantB.importantC.muchmoreimportantD.moremuchimportant()2.Thispencilisthanthatone.A.longestB.longC.longerD.aslong( )3.Thesechi

46、ldrenarethisyearthantheywerelastyear.A.moretallB.moretallerC.verytallerD.muchtaller( )4.Itwasveryhotyesterday,butitistoday.A.evenhotterB.morehotterC.muchmorehotD.muchhot( )5.Ourclassroomislargerthantheirs.A.moreB.quiteC.veryD.much( )6.Mathsismorepopularthan.A.theothersubjectsB.allthesubjectsC.anysub

47、jectD.othersubject( )7.ChinaislargerthaninAfrica磋砣莫遺韶光老，人生惟有讀書好A.anyothercountryB.othercountriesC.theothercountryD.anycountry)8. Tom is stronger thanin his class.A. any other boy B. any boysC. any boyD. other boy書籍是人類知識的總結,書籍是全世界的營養(yǎng)品。莎士比亞)9.Whenspringcomes,itgetsA. warm and warmB. colder and colderC

48、. warmer and warmerD. shorter and shorter)10. By and by,students in our class came to like English.A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least)11. At last he began to cryA. hard and hardB. more hard and more hardC. harder and harderD. less hard and less harder)12. When sprin

49、g comes, the days getand nightsA. short; longB. long; shortC. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer)13.I look at the picture,I like it.A. The best; the moreB. The more; the lessC. The more; lessD. More; the more)14.he read the book,he got in it.A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more int

50、erestingC. The more; the more interestedD. More; more interested)15. Which do you like, tea or coffee?A. wellB. betterC. bestD. most)16. Which do you think tastes, the chicken or the fish?A. goodB. betterC. bestD. well)17. Who jumpedof all?A. farB. fartherC. the farthestD. the most far)18. Li Lei is

51、student in our class.A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest)19 The fifth orange isof all. Give it to that small child.A. bigB. biggerC. the biggerD. the biggest)20. Who isof you three?A. the oldestB. much olderC. oldestD. older)21. Tom is one ofboys in our class.磋砣莫遺韶光老，人生惟有讀書好A. tallestB. tallerC

52、. the tallestD. the tall)22. The tree isin the garden.A. the tallerB. the tallestC. taller than of allD. tall.)23. Which is, Li Lei or Wu Tong?A. strongB. strongestC. strongerD. the strongest)24. Which language is, English, French or Japanese?A. easyB. the most easy C. the easiestD. much more easy)25. Which isinteresting, science, maths or English ？A. moreB. the mostC. veryD. too)26. Which city is, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?A. beautifulB. more beautifulC. much more beautifulD. the most beautiful)27. Which month is, June, July