英語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上表語(yǔ)從句從句 一、定義： 1.表語(yǔ)從句就是用一個(gè)句子作為表語(yǔ)。說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么或者怎么樣，由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)，和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。Eg:The problem is puzzling. 這問(wèn)題令人困惑 主語(yǔ) 連系動(dòng)詞 形容詞作表語(yǔ)The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 問(wèn)題是什么時(shí)候我們可以得到加薪.主語(yǔ) 連系動(dòng)詞 一個(gè)句子作表語(yǔ)-表語(yǔ)從句2.連接表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether,how.He has be

2、come a teacher. 他已經(jīng)成為一名教師。 He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 他已經(jīng)成為了他10年前想成為的。She has remained there for an hour. 她曾在那里停留了一個(gè)小時(shí)。 She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour. 她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一個(gè)小時(shí)。 why he cried yesterday. 昨天他為什么哭。 how I can persuade her to join us in the party. 我怎么

3、能說(shuō)服她加入我們的派對(duì)。 whether the enemy is marching towards us. 是否敵人正向我們行進(jìn).二 注意：1.表語(yǔ)從句一定要用陳述語(yǔ)序。False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.2.不可以用if，而用whether 連接表語(yǔ)從句(as if 例外）。引導(dǎo)時(shí)可以互換if/whether 位于介詞后要用whether ,位于句首時(shí)要用whether 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，時(shí)要用whetherFa

4、lse: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.3.不像賓語(yǔ)從句，在有表語(yǔ)從句的中，主句時(shí)態(tài)和從句時(shí)態(tài)可以不一致。Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.Right: The question is w

5、hy he cried yesterday.4.that在表語(yǔ)從句中不可以省掉。 表語(yǔ)從句的基本用法:表語(yǔ)從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動(dòng)詞只能是聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞。在be等系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)時(shí)被稱(chēng)為表語(yǔ)從句.例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need. (how 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ))問(wèn)題是我們?cè)鯓幽芘轿覀冃枰臇|西。 The scissors are not what I need. (what 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ))這把剪刀不是我所需要的。 What I told him was that I would find him a goo

6、d play. 我告訴他的是我會(huì)給他找個(gè)好劇本。(what在主語(yǔ)從句中作直接賓語(yǔ)， that作為表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分， 不能省略) That is why she failed to pass the exam. (why 在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)) 那就是她考試不及格的原因。注意： “That is why.”是常用句型， 意為“這就是的原因/因此”， 其中why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中作表語(yǔ)， 該句型通常用于針對(duì)前面已經(jīng)說(shuō)明過(guò)的原因進(jìn)行總結(jié)，又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.

7、(前文提到Jeanne對(duì)老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫異， 說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)她講述了其中的原因之后，用這一句來(lái)進(jìn)行概括)。That is why I came. 這就是我來(lái)的原因。下面是兩個(gè)與“That is why.”形式相似的結(jié)構(gòu)， 它們與“That is why.”結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系要能夠辨析清楚： (1)“That is why.”與“That is the reason why.”同義， 只不過(guò)從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上講， “That is the reason why.”中why引導(dǎo)的是個(gè)，將其中的the reason去掉則與“That is why.”結(jié)構(gòu)一樣， 例如： That is (the reason

8、) why I cannot agree. 這就是我不能同意的理由。(2)“That is because.”句型中從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在此作表語(yǔ)， 這也是個(gè)常用句型， 意為“這就是為什么/因?yàn)椤??！癟hat is because.”與“That is why.”之間的不同在于“That is because.”指原因或理由， “That is why.”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果， 例如： He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with he

9、r homework.昨天晚上他沒(méi)有去看電影， 那是因?yàn)樗脦椭拿妹米鲎鳂I(yè)。(第一句話(huà)說(shuō)明結(jié)果， 第二句話(huà)說(shuō)明原因)He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看過(guò)那部電影， 因此他昨天晚上沒(méi)有去看。(第一句話(huà)說(shuō)明原因， 第二句話(huà)說(shuō)明結(jié)果)例題精析：考題1 The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2007上海)A. when B. why C. whet

10、her D. that答案 D考題2 You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. (2004)A. why B. where C. what D. how答案 B考題3 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? (1999)A. why B. when C. what D. where答案 A考題4 _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and

11、 fewer students showed interest in her lessons. (2000上海)A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that答案 A考題5 _ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春)A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because答案 B考題6 Are

12、 you still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats _. (2003北京春)A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited答案 A表語(yǔ)從句與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句都屬于名詞性從句。其作用跟名詞在句中的作用相同。故充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的句子叫賓語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)的句子叫表語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句 (1)對(duì)于賓語(yǔ)從句要掌握以下三點(diǎn) 語(yǔ)序: 從句的語(yǔ)序必須是陳述句語(yǔ)序, 即“主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)”這

13、種形式。 時(shí)態(tài): 當(dāng)主句是或一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候, 從句可以是任何時(shí)態(tài), 而當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候, 從句, 從句時(shí)態(tài)必須是過(guò)去時(shí)范圍的時(shí)態(tài), 即(一般過(guò)去時(shí), 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí), , 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí))。 連接詞: 當(dāng)從句意思完整, 主句意思肯定時(shí), 連接詞用that, 且可以省去, 當(dāng)從句意思完整, 主句意思不確定或含否定含意時(shí), 常用if或whether(是否), 當(dāng)從句意思不完整時(shí), 連接詞則是代替不完整部分的特殊疑問(wèn)詞。 表語(yǔ)從句 在句子中起表語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做表語(yǔ)從句，位于主句系動(dòng)詞的后面。表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞和主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞相同。也是名詞性從句的一種。 如： What the police wan

14、t to know is when you enred red the room警察想知道的是你什么時(shí)候進(jìn)的房間。 His His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet他的第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是史密斯先生到了沒(méi)有。 注意：從句中的疑問(wèn)句用正常語(yǔ)序，即陳述語(yǔ)序。 as as if, as though, because也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 She seems as if she had done a great thing她看起來(lái)好像做了一件大事。 1. The question is _ we will have our sports

15、 meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can

16、getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus.A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younge

17、r.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9.I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much.A. why B. when C. what D. because10. The reason why he hasnt come is _.A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- Th

18、at is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. whythat/what的區(qū)別1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is_we

19、are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ .A. what it used to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it wa

20、s used to be5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. What what D. That what6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such高考練習(xí)1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .Is that_ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A. why B .

21、what C. when D. where2 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella _I got wet through. （1998 上海）A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning. （06 全國(guó)）A. when B. which C. where D. what4. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?(2003北京春) -Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he s