初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法系列---否定句疑問(wèn)句

1、Good morning!兩種基本句型兩種基本句型陳述句陳述句疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句肯定句肯定句否定句否定句五種特殊句型五種特殊句型祈使句祈使句感嘆句感嘆句It (形式主語(yǔ)、形式賓語(yǔ)、強(qiáng)調(diào)句）形式主語(yǔ)、形式賓語(yǔ)、強(qiáng)調(diào)句）倒裝句倒裝句反義疑問(wèn)句反義疑問(wèn)句 句型第一講：句型第一講：否定句否定句疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句句型分類(lèi)陳述句陳述句肯定句肯定句否定句否定句疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句一.肯定句變否定句1) I am a student. I am not a student.2) They are blue . They arent blue.3) He is Kangkang. He is

2、nt Kangkang .1. 句子中有句子中有be等助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在助動(dòng)詞后加等助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在助動(dòng)詞后加not。2. 謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞原形，在動(dòng)詞前加謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞原形，在動(dòng)詞前加dont。1) I have a book . I dont have a book.2) They like Chinese . They dont like Chinese.3) We come from China. We dont come from China.3。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，在動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，在動(dòng)詞前加前加doesnt，動(dòng)詞用原形。，動(dòng)詞用原形。1)She has a small mouth.

3、She doesnt have a small mouth.2)Maria likes China.Maria doesnt like China.3)Jane comes from the U.S.A.Jane doesnt come from the U.S.A.練習(xí)：將下列句子變成否定句。練習(xí)：將下列句子變成否定句。1. I am a teacher. I a teacher.2. We are students. We students.3. Jane is a girl. Jane a girl.4. They like English. They like Chinese5. I

4、come from China. I come from China.6. He likes Chinese. He like Chinese.7. Maria comes from Cuba. Maria come from Cuba.8. We know Maria. We know Maria. am not arent isnt dont dont doesnt doesnt dont二二.肯定句變一般疑問(wèn)句肯定句變一般疑問(wèn)句41.1) I am a student. Are you a student?2) They are blue. Are they blue?3) He is

5、Kangkang. Is he Kangkang?句子中有be，把be提到句首2.謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞原形，在句首加謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞原形，在句首加do。1) I have a book . Do you have a book?2) They like Chinese . Do they like Chinese?3) We come from China. Do you come from China? 3.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，在句首加謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，在句首加Does，動(dòng)詞用原形。動(dòng)詞用原形。1) She has a small mouth. Does she have a small mout

6、h?2) Maria likes China. Does Maria like China?3) Jane comes from the U.S.A. Does Jane come from the U.S.A?4) She knows Maria. Does she know Maria?練習(xí)練習(xí):將下列句子變成一般疑問(wèn)句。將下列句子變成一般疑問(wèn)句。1. I am a teacher. a teacher?2. They are students. Students?3. Jane is a girl. a girl?4. They like English. they like Engli

7、sh?5. I come from China. you come from China?6. He likes Chinese. he Chinese?7. Maria comes from Cuba. Maria from Cuba?8.We speak Chinese. you Chinese?Are youAretheyIsJaneDoDoDoeslikeDoescomeDospeak三三.一般疑問(wèn)句做肯定一般疑問(wèn)句做肯定,否定回答否定回答 Are you Maria ? 肯定回答肯定回答： Yes , 主主+助助/系系.否定回答否定回答: No, 主主+助助/系系+not.肯定回答：

8、肯定回答：Yes , I am.否定回答：否定回答：No,Im not. 2.問(wèn)句和答語(yǔ)的助動(dòng)詞保持一致.1) Are you a student? 肯肯: Yes, I am. 否：否： No, Im not.2) Is he Kangkang? 肯：肯：Yes，he is. 否：否：No，he isnt.3) Do they like Chinese? 肯：肯：Yes, they do.否：否：No , they dont.4) Does she have a small mouth? 肯：肯：Yes, she does.否：否：No, she doesnt. 3.問(wèn)句和答語(yǔ)中的主語(yǔ)保持一

9、致。（必須用主格） 1) Is Jane from the U.S.A? 2) Does Kangkang come from China? 3) Do Jane and Maria like China? 4) Is this a ruler? 肯肯:Yes, she is. 否否:No， she isnt.肯肯:Yes, he does.否否:No, he doesnt.肯肯:Yes, they do. 否否:No, they dont.肯肯:Yes, it is .否：否：No，it isnt. 5) Is that a desk? 6) Are these books?7) Are t

10、hose pencils?8) Are these erasers?9) Is that an orange?肯：肯：Yes，it is.否：否：No，it isnt.肯：肯：Yes，they are.否：否：No，they arent.肯：肯：Yes，they are. 否：否：No，they arent.肯：肯：Yes , they are.否：否：No，they arent.肯：肯：Yes , it is .否：否：No，it isnt.練習(xí)：給下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。1.Are you a student? Yes, . No, .2. Do they like English?

11、 Yes, . No, .3.Is Jane a girl? Yes, . No, .4. Does Maria like China? Yes, . No, .I am Imtheynottheydodontsheissheisntshedoesshedoesnthe5.Is Kangkang a student? Yes , . No , .6.Is that a girl? Yes , . No , .7.Are those telephones? Yes , . No , .8.Does Tom know Jane? Yes , . No , .9.Do they come from

12、the U.S.A? Yes , . No , .10.Is this an egg? Yes , . No , .isheisntitisitisnttheyarethey arenthe doeshedoesnttheydothey dontitisitisnt四四.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn).4將劃線部分去掉,分析句意.1.My name is Nancy. your name?2.I am from China. are you from?3.I am fine . are you?4. Miss.Wang is our English teacher. is your Englis

13、h teacher?5.Lucy is ten years old. are you?6.He is in Class One Grade Two. is he in?WhatsWhereHowWhoHowoldWhat class 7.My telephone number is 5805000. your telephone number?8.They are cars. are these ?9.This is my cap. cap is this?10.My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee. is your favorite movie star ?

14、11.It is yellow . is it？12.She is tall. What does she ?Whatis What Whose WhoWhat color looklike 五五.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換.1.Please give Jane the book. Please the book Jane.2. Could you please tell me your name? Could you please your name me?3. He has short hair. is short.4. I have a big nose. is big.5. You have

15、 a wide mouth. is wide. givetotelltoHishairMynoseYourmouth 6.My English teacher is old . My English teacher is not .7. Betty is not short. Betty is .8.This is my book. This is .9.This jacket is not new. This jacket is .10.My ruler is not long. My ruler is .11.She looks like her mom. She and her mom

16、look .12.They come from China. They China.young tall mine old short thesame are from六六.單復(fù)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換單復(fù)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換.1.將下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù)將下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù). It is a box . boxes . This is a ruler. rulers. That is an eraser. erasers. He is a student. students. This is a bus. . That is a pen. .TheyareTheseareThoseareTheyareThesearebusesTh

17、osearepens2.將下列句子變成單數(shù)。將下列句子變成單數(shù)。1.They are pencils. a pencil.2.These are erasers. an eraser.3.They are boys. a boy.4. They are girls . a girl.5.Those are books. a book.6.These are desks. a desk.7.These are boxes. a .8.Those are cars. a . It is This isHe isShe is That is This is This is box That is c

18、ar句型轉(zhuǎn)換專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí) 4一、將下列句子改為復(fù)數(shù)形式：41.There is a knife in the box.4There _ _ _ in the box.42.Shes a woman doctor.4Theyre _ _.43.Our teacher often tells us a story.4Our _ often _ us _.44.The sheep is over there.4The _ _ over there.45.Please pass me a piece of bread.4Please pass me some _ of _. aresome knives

19、women doctors teachers tell stories sheep are pieces bread 4二、下列句子改為否定句：41.He does some reading every day.4He_ _ _ reading every day.42.I have to wash the dishes.4I _ _ _wash the dishes.43.Tell him the news.4_ _ him the news.44.She has brothers and sisters.4She has_ brothers _ sisters.45.I think she

20、 is right.4I _ _she _ right 4二、下列句子改為否定句：41.He does some reading every day.4He_ _ _ reading every day.42.I have to wash the dishes.4I _ _ _wash the dishes.43.Tell him the news.4_ _ him the news.44.She has brothers and sisters.4She has_ brothers _ sisters.45.I think she is right.4I _ _she _ rightdoes

21、nt doany donthaveto Donttell noor dontthinkis 4三、下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句：41.There is some fruit juice in the glass.4_ _ _ fruit juice in the glass?42.He has to stay here.4_ he _ to stay there?43. We do eye exercises every day.4_ you _ eye exercises every day?44. She has something to eat.4_ she _ _ to eat?45.I a

22、m good at singing and dancing.4_ you good at singing _ dancing? 4三、下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句：41.There is some fruit juice in the glass.4_ _ _ fruit juice in the glass?42.He has to stay here.4_ he _ to stay there?43. We do eye exercises every day.4_ you _ eye exercises every day?44. She has something to eat.4_ she

23、 _ _ to eat?45.I am good at singing and dancing.4_ you good at singing _ dancing? Isthereany Doeshave Dodo Doeshave anything Areand 4四、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：41.My mother goes to work by bike.4_ _ your mother _ to work?42.That is a map of France.4_ map is that?43.The bag of rice is ten kilos.4_ _ _ the bag of rice

24、?44. I think Chinese food is very nice.4_ do you _ _ Chinese food?45.The students like their teacher very much.4_ do the students_ their teacher? 4四、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：41.My mother goes to work by bike.4_ _ your mother _ to work?42.That is a map of France.4_ map is that?43.The bag of rice is ten kilos.4_ _ _ t

25、he bag of rice?44. I think Chinese food is very nice.4_ do you _ _ Chinese food?45.The students like their teacher very much.4_ do the students_ their teacher?How does go What Howheavyis WhatthinkofHowlike 46.His house is very big.4_ _ his house _?47.There are six kites in the sky.4_ in the sky?48.H

26、e lives in Room 306.4_ _ _ he _ in?49.She looks worried because she cant find her dog.4_ _ she _ worried?410.It takes him half an hour to write the e-mail.4_ _ _ it _ him to write the e-mail? 46.His house is very big.4_ _ his house _?47.There are six kites in the sky.4_ in the sky?48.He lives in Roo

27、m 306.4_ _ _ he _ in?49.She looks worried because she cant find her dog.4_ _ she _ worried?410.It takes him half an hour to write the e-mail.4_ _ _ it _ him to write the e-mail?WhatislikeWhats WhichroomdoesliveWhydoeslookHowlongdoestake 411.Classes begin at eight.4_ _ _classes _?412.I want to buy th

28、ree kilos of meat.4_ _ _ do you want to buy?413.His uncle is a businessman.4_ _ his uncle _?414.The orange dress is Kates.4_ _ is Kates?415.Its Sunday today.4_ _ is it today? 411.Classes begin at eight.4_ _ _classes _?412.I want to buy three kilos of meat.4_ _ _ do you want to buy?413.His uncle is a

29、 businessman.4_ _ his uncle _?414.The orange dress is Kates.4_ _ is Kates?415.Its Sunday today.4_ _ is it today?WhattimedobeginHowmuchmeatWhatdoesdoWhichdressWhatday 416.The cats are running up the tree.4_ are the cats _?417.Jims plane is broken.4_ _ _ Jims plane?418.He would like five cakes.4_ _ _

30、would he like ?419.They play football every Friday.4_ _ they play football?420.The man in brown is Toms father.4_ _ is Toms father? 416.The cats are running up the tree.4_ are the cats _?417.Jims plane is broken.4_ _ _ Jims plane?418.He would like five cakes.4_ _ _ would he like ?419.They play footb

31、all every Friday.4_ _ they play football?420.The man in brown is Toms father.4_ _ is Toms father?Where runningWhatswrongwithHowmanycakesWhendo WhichmanGoodbye! Thank you !GrammarThe Passive Voice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) How to describe the pictures？The river was seriously pollutedThe river was seriously polluted. S

32、ome trees have been cut down.Some trees have been cut down. 語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)和和動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：系。英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者，而，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者承受者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，一般說(shuō)來(lái)，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的形式，一般說(shuō)來(lái)，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞才有才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)

33、態(tài)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 workedopenedclosed seentaught asked work close openask seeteache.g.由助動(dòng)詞由助動(dòng)詞be + be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（V-edV-ed）構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be有有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在不同時(shí)態(tài)的不同形式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在不同時(shí)態(tài)的不同形式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成： be + p.p一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(do, does) is/am/are done一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)(did) was/were done一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將

34、來(lái)時(shí)(will do) will be done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(is/am/are doing) is/am/are being done過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(was/were doing) was/were being done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have/has done) have/has been done帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can/must/may do) can/must/may be done主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：S（主語(yǔ)）+P（謂語(yǔ)）+O（賓語(yǔ)）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：S（主語(yǔ)）+P(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))+by O（賓語(yǔ)）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： is/am/are+p.p 一般過(guò)去時(shí)： was/were +p.p

35、一般將來(lái)時(shí)： will be +p.p詳見(jiàn)上頁(yè)詳見(jiàn)上頁(yè)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Practise(2): Make sentences a computer/use/every dayA computer is used every day. the bridge/build/last yearThe bridge was built last year.these big buildings/build/next yearThese big buildings will be built next year.the thief/catch/the policemen/yeste

36、rdayThe thief was caught by the policemen yesterday.Ex 1. 把下列的句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Many people visit Shenzhen every year.Shenzhen _ _ _ many people every year. is visited by 2. They built some houses in the village. Some houses _ _ by _ in the village. were built them 3. We will tell you everything about it tomo

37、rrow. You _ _ _ everything about it tomorrow. will be told4. The students can use the computer. The computer _ _ _ by the students. can be used5. He has sold out all the books. All the books _ _ _ _ by him. have been sold out6. The worker is repairing a car now. A car _ _ _ by the worker now. is bei

38、ng repaired7. They took these photos on the Great Wall. These photos _ _ on the Great Wall. were taken8. The girls have sent some flowers to the singer. Some flowers _ _ _ to the singer. have been sent9. You must finish your work before you go to bed. Your work _ _ _ before you go to bed. must be fi

39、nishedThe fish has been eaten by the cat.The fish will be eaten by the cat. the tree/cutThe tree is being cut by the man. shenzhen airport/use/for a long time Shenzhen airport has been used for a long time.The World Trade Centre/ smash down(撞毀）The World Trade Centre was smashed down. this kind of ca

40、r /can make/in this factoryThis kind of car can be made in this factory.Pay attention !She gave me some money.I was given some money by her.Some money was given to me by her.He will show me some photos.I will be shown some photos by him.Some photos will be shown to me by him.Pay attention !His mother makes him play the piano.He is made to play the piano by his mother.We saw them go out.They were seen to go out b