牛津深圳版八下現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專(zhuān)題學(xué)案及專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（無(wú)答案）

1、.如今完成時(shí)1、 表達(dá)和使用1.如今完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)如今造成的影響或結(jié)果或表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到如今。如今完成時(shí)有兩種用法： A.過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)如今造成的影響或結(jié)果或到如今為止已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作。B.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的、持續(xù)到如今的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2.強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)如今產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果They have lost the match.他們輸?shù)袅吮荣怣ary hasnt found the car. 瑪麗還沒(méi)找到她的汽車(chē)。3. 表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)場(chǎng)并一直延續(xù)到如今的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，這個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，在肯定句、疑問(wèn)句中謂語(yǔ)需為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。I ha

2、ve lived in Beijing since 10 years ago.自從10年前我就一直在北京生活。How long have you been away from your hometown?你分開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)多久了？4. 表示經(jīng)歷或經(jīng)歷A.have been to表示“有到過(guò)某地的經(jīng)歷如今已經(jīng)回來(lái)了，任何人稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)均可。She has been to America twice.她去過(guò)美國(guó)兩次。I have never been to the Great Wall.我從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。B.have gone to 表示“去了某地還沒(méi)有回來(lái)，通常不用第一、第二人稱(chēng)代詞作主語(yǔ)。Lucy do

3、esnt go to school.She has gone to America.露西沒(méi)去上學(xué)。她去美國(guó)了。Jim isnt at home.He has gone to the library.吉姆不在家。他去了圖書(shū)館。5. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)和如今完成時(shí)的區(qū)別一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事情、存在的狀態(tài)或過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)如今產(chǎn)生的影響，常與確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如今完成時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)如今造成的影響或該動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到如今，不和確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I taught here two years ago.我兩年前在這兒教書(shū)I have taught here for

4、fifteen years.我在這兒教了15年書(shū)了。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與如今完成時(shí)的區(qū)別 前者單獨(dú)談過(guò)去，結(jié)果影響少考慮 后者今普緊相連，強(qiáng)調(diào)影響和經(jīng)歷 前者狀語(yǔ)多特定，后者延續(xù)不確定2、 如今完成時(shí)構(gòu)造 1.have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞形式簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)：have/has+Ved 注：第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)用has A.陳述句肯定句 主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞，如： I have seen the film already.我已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部電影了。 She has planted a lot of trees in the past three years. 她在過(guò)去三年里已經(jīng)種了好多樹(shù)。 B.否認(rèn)句 主語(yǔ)+h

5、ave/has+not+過(guò)去分詞，如： I havent cleaned the room.我沒(méi)有清潔那房間。 She hasnt heard from Tom.他沒(méi)有收到湯姆的來(lái)信。 C.一般疑問(wèn)句 Have/has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他，如： Have you finished your homework?你完成你的作業(yè)了嗎？ Has he been to Beijing?他去過(guò)北京了嗎？ D.特殊疑問(wèn)句 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他，如： Where have they been to twice?他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)哪里兩次？ Who have been to London

6、twice?誰(shuí)去過(guò)倫敦兩次？ 2.標(biāo)志詞 A.yet,already I have already had my breakfast.我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)早餐了。 Have you already had breakfast?你吃過(guò)早餐了嗎？ I havent had my breakfast yet.我仍然沒(méi)有吃早餐。 因此，yet用于否認(rèn)句，疑問(wèn)句末 already用于肯定句，但有時(shí)也用于疑問(wèn)句，表驚訝。 B.for,since for+一段時(shí)間 since+時(shí)間點(diǎn) I have been in New York for 4 years.我紐約已經(jīng)4年了 I arrived in New York

7、4 years ago.我四年前到紐約分清延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，短暫性動(dòng)詞 短暫性動(dòng)詞所表示行為時(shí)間為短暫的，瞬間可完成的。如：buy,borrow,open,close,come,go,finish等。 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞所表示行為可持續(xù)，如be,write,work,study,join,teach等。 短暫性動(dòng)詞也可用于如今完成時(shí)態(tài)，但不可與for,since等一定表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用但否認(rèn)句除外，因?yàn)榉裾J(rèn)句中動(dòng)詞表示狀態(tài)，狀態(tài)可延續(xù)。否認(rèn)句中側(cè)重“不。假設(shè)要與for,since連用，那么應(yīng)把短暫性動(dòng)詞變成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可用于如今完成時(shí)態(tài)，可與for,since連用。要分清兩類(lèi)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)

8、詞性質(zhì)例詞用法禁忌轉(zhuǎn)化延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞長(zhǎng)時(shí)間延續(xù)性動(dòng)作。be,work,study,write,keep,Live,have等。既可用于如今完成時(shí)態(tài)，也與for,since連用短暫性動(dòng)詞短暫的，瞬間完成的動(dòng)作。buy,borrow,open,close,begin,start,come,go,finish,leave,catch,join等?？捎糜谌缃裢瓿蓵r(shí)態(tài)，但不能與for,since連用不可與for,sincel連用buyhaveborrowkeepopenbe openedclosebe closedbegin,startbe ongo,leavebe awayfinishbe overdie

9、be died 備注：分清一下兩短語(yǔ)的用法Have been to :曾去過(guò)某地，如今人已回來(lái)。Have gone to :去了某地，人在去的途中或在那里，沒(méi)回來(lái)。e.g.:My mom has gone to the library. Have been in:在某地逗留時(shí)間有多久Have been to：曾去過(guò)某地e.g.：She has been in Hong Kong for 3days. I have ever been to Shanghai.1 單項(xiàng)選擇 1.-How long has Robert ? -Since 2019. A.been to Beijing B.beco

10、me a doctor C.joined the club D.studied in this school 2.The musician hasnt been here . A.three weeks B.since three weeks C.for three weeks D.about three weeks 3.Both his parents look sad.Maybe they whats happened to him. A.knew B.have known C.must know D.will know 4.Zhang lan already in this school

11、 for two years. A.was studying B.will study C.has studied D.are studying 5.Hes finished his homework, ? A.isnt he B.hasnt he C.doesnt he D.wasnt he 6.- you your homework yet? -Yes.I it a moment ago. A.Did,do;finished B.Have,done;finished C.Have done;have finished D.will do;finish二、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I_alre

12、ady_seethe film.I_seeit last week.2._ he _finish his work today Not yet .3._you _beto Hong Kong Yes,I _bethere twice 4.How long _the Wangs _stay here?For two weeks.5.So far I _make quite a few friends here.6.Shanghai _be a small town hundreds of years ago.Now it _ become a large city.3、 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子，每空一

13、詞。 1.吉姆已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。他如今有空。 Jim his homework already. He is now. 2.我的父親之前去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。 My father the Great Wall before. 3.她還沒(méi)看那個(gè)新電影。 She the new film . 4.她曾經(jīng)到過(guò)上海。 She Shanghai.5.他這些天去哪里了？ Where he these days？6. 自從他搬到廣州，他就住這兒了。 He here he moved to Guangzhou.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換每空一詞.1.I have been to Macao before.改為否認(rèn)句I _ _ been to Macao before.2.He hasnt come to school because hes ill.就劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)_ _ he come to school?3