一般過去時態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的區(qū)別練習(xí)題

1、一般過去時態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的區(qū)別練習(xí)題1） 一般過去時態(tài)表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純表達(dá)過去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動作；現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中動作為過去發(fā)生的,強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響.如:Isawthisfilmyesterday.強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了Ihavealreadyseenthisfilm.強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知了Ihaventfinishedmyworkyet.強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響,還有工作要做,不能去玩Whendidyoufinishyourhomework?詢問過去的動作所發(fā)生的時間,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)2） 一般過去時態(tài)表示動作在過去已經(jīng)停止；現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)表示過去開始的動作一直

2、延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在.如：Annvisitedherunclelastweekend.visit這個動作在過去已經(jīng)停止Theyhavelivedheresince1983.livehere這個動作從1983年開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在3一般過去時態(tài)常用非延續(xù)性動詞,如borrow,buy,come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become等.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),與時間段連用時動詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如keep,have,live,teach,learn,work,study,know,be等.如：HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.join是

3、短暫動詞HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.bein表狀態(tài),在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)HehasbeenaLeaguemembeiforthreeyears.是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)4一般過去時態(tài)常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語.一般過去時態(tài)的時間狀語：yesterday,lastnight/week/month/year,ago,in1980,justnow等,皆為具體的時間狀語.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的時間狀語：for+時間段,since+過去的時間點/一般過去時態(tài)的句子,sofar,uptonow,inthepast.years,等,皆

4、為不確定的時間狀語.如：Timwrotealettertohisbrotherlastnight.lastnight為具體的過去時間狀語,所以用一般過去時態(tài)IvelearnedEnglishforthreeyears.forthreeyears為時間狀語,是個時間段,時間跨度大,不具體學(xué)以致用1.Whenyoutolearntoskate?Fiveyearsago.A.do;startB.will;start現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)詳細(xì)講解及其練習(xí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時由“have/has+過去分詞構(gòu)成,主要有兩個含義：表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果,常用的時間狀語有manytimes,just,yet

5、,ever,never,just,already,sofar,bynow等.IhavealreadywatchedtheTVplay.我已經(jīng)看過這部電視劇了.現(xiàn)在我對它不感興趣了Haveyoufoundyourlostpenyet?No,Ihaven'tfoundityet.我很著急表示動作或者狀態(tài)在過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還將持續(xù)下去.用于延續(xù)性動詞,常常與sofar、for或者since短語連用.since+時間點/從句,for+時間段,如fortwomonths等.二、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)和一般過去時態(tài)的區(qū)別1現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時都能表示過去發(fā)生過的動作,但現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去動作

6、對現(xiàn)在的影響,并且表示這一動作已完成或還可能繼續(xù)下去；2而一般過去時與現(xiàn)在的情況沒有聯(lián)系,僅表示過去的動作,且這一動作到說話時已終止.因此現(xiàn)在完成時不能與表示明確的過去時間如：in1949,yesterday,lastweek等的狀語連用,并且用when或where對這些時間和地點狀語提問時,一般只用一般過去時.三、在“itisfirst/second.timethat.或在“it/this/thatisthe+最高級+名詞+that.結(jié)構(gòu)中that從句中的動詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時；在“it+be.+since從句這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,be可用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時,since從句一般用過去時.現(xiàn)在完成時可以

7、和帶有since或for等表示“一段時間的狀語連用,表示動作或狀態(tài)從某一時刻開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在.如：Ihaven'tseenhimfortwoyears.但是,像come,arrive,buy等終止性動詞不能與表示“一段時間的狀語連用.要用,必須改為“be在等延續(xù)性動詞來表述.現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：arrivefbeherediefbedeadbegin(start)-beoncomebackfbebackfallill(sick,asleep)-beill(sick,asleep)leavefbeawaygetupfbeupfinishfbeoverope

8、nfbeopenclosefbeclosedborrowfkeep或beonfbein或beamemberofgotoschoolfbeastudentbuyfhavecatch(acold)-have(acold)begintostudyfstudygettoknowfknowcometoworkfwork等如：Hehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears.他參軍三年了Hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.他父親去世二年Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.電影已開始十分鐘了WehavestudiedEnglishforthre

9、eyears.我們(開始)學(xué)英語已三年了.幾點考前須知(1)havebeen(to)與havegone(to)的區(qū)另hhavebeen(to)表示“去過某地(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了),可用于各人稱；havegone(to)表示“去某地了(說話時某人不在當(dāng)?shù)?第三人稱,前者可與once,never,severaltimes等連用,后者那么不能.HehasbeentoBeijing.他去過北京(已經(jīng)回來了)HehasgonetoBeijing.他去北京了.(還沒有回來)have/hasbeenin待在某地如：TheyhavebeeninBeijing.他們呆在北京.(2)終止性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時的否認(rèn)式,已變

10、成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài),因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用.如：Ihaven'tleftheresince1997.自從1997年以來,我一直沒有離開過這兒.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)練習(xí)題一選擇填空.()2.Herfatherin1990andherhusbandformorethanfiveyears.(A)died,dead(B)hasdied,dead(C)died,hasbeendead(D)hasdied,hasdied()3.Ihavethisnicewatchfortwoyears.(A)had(B)bought(C)borrowed(D)lend( )4.Hehishomeforten

11、years.(A)hasleft(B)leftfrom(C)hasbeenawayfrom(D)wasawayfrom( )5.Healeaguememberforthreeyears(A)is(B)hasbeen(C)hasbecome(D)havebecome( )6.Lihua'sbrotherhasfortwoyears(A)joinedthearmy(C)becomeasoldier(B)beenanarmy(D)beeninthearmy( )7.Hehasn'tQuanzhoueversinceheleftschool(A)left(B)beenaway(C)be

12、en(D)away二選擇填空()1.HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkYes,Iitlastnight(A)finish(B)finished(C)havefinished(D)willfinish()2.youevertoNanjingYes,Itherelastyear.(A)Havegone,havegone(B)Did-go,went(C)Have-been,went(D)Did-go,has,been)()3.WhenyouLucyinNewYork?1herfortwoyears(A)didmeet,haven'tseen(B)didmeet,don&#

13、39;tsee(C)havemet,haven'tseen()4.Hefinishedhishomeworkyet.(A)didn't(B)haven't(C)hasn't(D)doesn'thave()5.Haveyoutraveledonthebanch?Yes,Ihave.(A)just(B)yetC)never(D)ever()6.HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkNot(A)ever(B)already.(C)yet(D)just.()7Wehaven'tfinishedourhomework,.(A)already

14、(B)ever(C)yet(D)never()8.HaveyoulearnedEnglish?Yes,I'velearnedalot.(A)never,ever(B)ever,never(C)ever,already(D)already.ever()9.Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?Yes,I'vedonethat.(A)yet,already(B)already,yet(C)ever,never(D)still,just()10.John'sfatherborrowedsomepictures(A)hasjust(B)haveever(C)h

15、asyet(D)havealready三用since和for填空(一)1)twoyearslastmonth3)anhourago5)4o'clock8)9)4hours1. HehaslivedinNanjing2. I'veknownhim1999twoyearsago2)yesterday4)shelefthere6)10)lunchtimetheyearbeforelast.wewerechildren.3. OurteacherhasstudiedJapanesethreeyears.4. Shehasbeenawayfromthecityabouttenyears.

16、5. It'sabouttenyearssheleftthecity.四單項選擇題()1.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory2years.(A)about(B)for(C)in(D)since()2.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty(A)sincethreeyearsago(B)intwoyears'time(C)forthreeyears(D)threeyearsago3 .Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,?A.sotheyB.don'ttheyC.havetheyD.haven't

17、they4 .WecametoNanjingthreeyearsago,sowehereforthreeyears.A.havebeentoB.havebeeninC.havebeenD.havegone5 .-Howlongyouyourdictionary?-Abouttwomonths.A.did;buyB.have;getC.have;hadD.have;bought6 .HetellsmeheChinaforoverfiveyearsA.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasgonetoChina7.hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoNanjing?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.H