四級翻譯練習(xí)參考譯文

1、1. 刺繡embroidery是一種具有悠久傳統(tǒng)的民間藝術(shù)，在中國藝術(shù)和手工藝品史上占有重要地位。刺繡的長期發(fā)展離不開蠶的飼養(yǎng)與紡絲技術(shù)的發(fā)展。 中國是世界上第一個發(fā)現(xiàn)和使用絲綢的國家。早在5000年前，中國就已經(jīng)開始飼養(yǎng)蠶。絲線和絲制品的生產(chǎn)促進(jìn)了刺繡藝術(shù)的誕生。時至今日，絲繡幾乎傳遍整個中國。最好的繡品通常被認(rèn)為來源于下面四?。航K尤其是蘇州、湖南、四川和廣東，各省繡品各有特色。 Embroidery, a folk art with a long tradition, has an important position in the history of Chinese arts and

2、 crafts. During the course of its long development, embroidery has become inseparable from the raising of silkworms, silk reeling and weaving.China was the first country in the world where silk was woven. Silkworms were domesticated as early as some 5,000 years ago. The production of silk threads an

3、d fabrics gave rise to the art of embroidery. Today, silk embroidery is practiced nearly all over China. it is generally agreed that the best commercial products come for four provinces: Jiangsu(notably), Hunan, Sichuan and Guangdong , each with its distinctive features.2. 川劇Sichuan Opera就像四川火鍋以及其他的

4、名菜一樣動人、豐富。變臉face changing是川劇中的一大亮點。據(jù)說，古人在他們的臉上作畫，以便趕走野生動物。川劇吸收了這一古老的技藝并將其升華為一門藝術(shù)。變臉是一門神奇的藝術(shù)。演員在不到20秒的時間內(nèi)要換十多次臉譜。通過舉手、擺袖或搖頭，演員使用不同的臉譜來表現(xiàn)不同的情緒，并通過看得見摸得著的臉譜表達(dá)出看不見摸不著的感情。Sichuan Opera, like hot-pot and other Sichuan cuisine winners, is exciting, rich and good-natured. Face changing is the highlight of S

5、ichuan Opera. It is said that ancient people painted their faces to drive away wild animals. Sichuan Opera absorbs this ancient skill and perfects it into an art. Face changing is a magical art. Actors change more than 10 masks in less than 20 seconds! By raising the hand, swinging a sleeve or tossi

6、ng the head, an actor uses different masks to show different emotions, expressing invisible and intangible feelings through visible and tangible masks.3.無論中國人走到哪里，都不會改掉喝茶的習(xí)慣。茶最先由中國人發(fā)現(xiàn)，它是中國人生活中不可或缺的組成部分。有一句中國諺語將基本的日常必需品basic daily necessities稱為柴、米、油、鹽、醬醋茶。一千多年以來，飲茶的習(xí)俗已經(jīng)在中國人心中根深蒂固ingrained。唐朝時， 一個名叫陸羽

7、的人寫了世界上第一部關(guān)于茶的著作茶經(jīng)book of tea，這部書有助于在中國推廣飲茶藝術(shù)。Wherever the Chinese go, the custom of drinking tea follows. Tea was first discovered by the Chinese and it is an indispensable part of the life of the Chinese. A Chinese saying identifies the basic daily necessities as fuel, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce,

8、vinegar, and tea. The custom of drinking tea has been ingrained in the Chinese for over a thousand years. In Tang Dynasty, a man named Lu Yu created the first compendium in the world on tea, Book of Tea. This work helped to popularize the art of tea drinking all across China4.中國的菜肴擁有許多不同的流派genre，但是最

9、具影響力并且最為公眾所熟悉的就是“八大菜系”the English Categories of Chinese Cuisine。 它們是：魯菜、川菜、粵菜、閩菜、蘇菜、浙菜、湘菜以及徽菜。確定一種流派形式的關(guān)鍵要素十分復(fù)雜，包括歷史、烹飪特征、地理、氣候、資源以及生活方式。不同地區(qū)的菜肴各具特色，因此盡管有時兩個地區(qū)互相毗鄰，但是它們的風(fēng)格卻完全不同。Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, but the most influential and typically known by the public are the “Eight

10、 Categories of Chinese Cuisine”. These are as follows: Shandong Cuisine, Sichuan Cuisine, Guangdong Cuisine, Fujian Cuisine, Jiangsu Cuisine, Zhejiang Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine, and Anhui Cuisine. The essential factors that establish the form of a genre are complex and include history, cooking features

11、, geography, climate, resources and lifestyles. Cuisines from different regions are so distinctive that sometimes despite the fact that two areas are geographical neighbors, their styles are completely alien.5.中國人喜歡在一起吃飯，這個傳統(tǒng)可以追溯到很久以前。這反映出中國人喜歡團圓、不愿別離的觀念圓桌、圓盤、圓碗都象征著團圓和美滿。盤子通常放在桌子的中央，這樣坐在桌子面前的所有人都可以吃

12、得到。一鍋熱湯尤其可以增加和諧、團圓的氣氛。 朋友們也喜歡在一起吃飯、生活。 最近一位美國漢學(xué)家Sinologist的著作認(rèn)為，中國人的集體觀念collective tradition就是從一同吃飯發(fā)展而來的。Chinese like to eat together, which is a tradition that can be traced back a long time ago. It reflects the Chinese notion of union versus division- round tables, round dishes, and round bowls al

13、l symbolize union and perfection. Dishes are usually placed at the center of the table so that everyone around the table can share them. A hot pot, in particular, adds to the atmosphere of harmony and union. Friends also like to eat and live together. A recent book by an American Sinologist held tha

14、t the Chinese collective tradition developed out of the practice of eating together.6、中國以創(chuàng)造各種方式、方法來方便人類的生活而廣為人知。在中國古代的發(fā)明中，四大發(fā)明不僅為中國的發(fā)展，還為世界經(jīng)濟和文化的發(fā)展，作出了巨大奉獻(xiàn)。中國古代的四大發(fā)明分別是造紙術(shù)、印刷術(shù)、火藥gun power和指南針compass。中國古代的四大發(fā)明為世界經(jīng)濟和人類文化作出了重要奉獻(xiàn)，而且這也是中國作為世界文明大國的重要象征。China is well-known for its introduction of ways and

15、means to help ease the life of mankind. Among the inventions of Ancient China, four emerged as great contributions to the developments and changes not only to the country, but also to the worlds economy and culture. the Four Great Inventions of ancient inventions made tremendous contributions to the

16、 worlds economy and the culture of mankind. They were also important symbols of Chinas role as a great world civilization.7、三國演義由羅貫中創(chuàng)作于14世紀(jì)，是一部中國歷史題材小說。小說以漢朝末年和三國時期的歷史演變?yōu)楸尘埃磉_(dá)了在這個動亂turbulent時期發(fā)生的一系列重大事情。整個故事情節(jié)從公元168年開始一直到公元280年領(lǐng)土統(tǒng)一reunification時結(jié)束。小說篇幅長達(dá)80萬字，分為120個章節(jié)，共描述了1191個人物角色，堪稱中國文學(xué)史上四大經(jīng)典小說之一。R

17、omance of the Three Kingdoms, written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese historical novel based upon events in the turbulent year near the end of the Han Dynasty and the Tree Kingdoms era, starting in AD 168 and ending with the reunification of the land in AD 280. It is acclaimed as

18、one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature, with a grand total of 800 000 words, 1191 characters, and 120chapters.秧歌舞Yangko 是中國漢族的一種傳統(tǒng)民間舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服裝costume，他們的表演動作有力而又迅速。在農(nóng)歷春節(jié)元宵節(jié)等節(jié)日期間，人們一旦一旦聽到鑼gong鼓聲，不管外面天氣有多冷，他們都會蜂擁到街上觀看秧歌舞表演。近年來，中國東北某些城市的老年人自發(fā)組織了秧歌隊，隊員們常年通過跳秧歌舞來

19、保持健康，同時他們也樂在其中。The Yangko dance is a traditional folk dance of the Han Chinese, commonly performed in the northern provinces. Yangko dancers usually wear bright and colorful costumes, and their movements are vigorous and quick. During holidays such as lunar New Year and the Lantern Festival, as soon

20、 as people hear the sound of drums and gongs they swarm into the streets to watch Yangko dance performances, no matter how cold it is outside. In recent years, elderly people in some cities in Northern China have been organizing themselves into Yangko teams, with the dancers mostly enjoying themselv

21、es while keeping fit all year round.奧運會是國際性的體育盛會sporting events, 體育項目種類繁多，分為冬夏兩季，均是4年舉辦一次。最初有記載的奧運會于公元前776年在希臘的奧林匹亞Olympia舉行。奧運會是最大的媒體活動之一。2000年悉尼奧運會上，有超過1.6萬名播音員和新聞記著參與報道。據(jù)估計，有38億觀眾通過電視收看了此屆盛會。然而，奧運會的發(fā)展也是奧運會面臨的一個大問題。The Olympic Games are an international multi-sport event subdivided into summer and

22、 winter sporting events. The summer and winter games are each held every four years, the original Olympic Games were first recorded in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece. The Olympics are one of the largest media events. In Sydney in 2000 there were more than 16000 broadcasters and journalist, and an estimated 3.8 billion viewers watched the games on television. However, the development of the Olympics is one of the largest problems the Olympics face today.世界貿(mào)易組織成立于19