裝卸貨物注意事項[貨物]洗艙裝卸貨的注意事項鋼材

1、裝卸貨物注意事項貨物洗艙裝卸貨的注意事項鋼材Handy的船裝鋼材很常見，日韓去泰國、印尼、印度，臺灣到越南，澳大利亞的Coastalvoyages等等。常見的鋼材有如下幾種： ColdRolledSheeting(bundlesorcoils) HotRolledPlates(bundlesorcoils)ReinforcingBeamsandBars(normallybundles) WireRods(normallycoils)還有Sections(Beams/Pipes)(Normallyinbundles,N.B.Checkwhetherpipessufficientlycoatedt

2、oresistwaterdamage)Billets(bundlesbutdoesdependonsize)Slabs,Blooms&Ingots(Singlepieces)洗艙裝鋼材對貨艙的要求沒有糧食那么嚴(yán)格，但是要注意合同驗艙的條款。例一：Holdconditiononarrival1stloadingporttobeclean,swept,washeddownbyfreshwateranddriedup,freefrominsects,odor,residueofpreviouscargo/looserustscale,driedupandreadytoreceiveChart

3、erers"intendedcargoallrespectssubjecttorelevantsurveyors"inspection.Ifthevesselfailssuchsurvey,thevesseltobeplacedoff-hirefromtimeoftherejectionuntilaeptedinallholds,andanyextradirectly-relatedcosts/expenses/timetherefromtobeforOwners"aount.上述條款提到“freshwaterwash”，這就要求貨艙一定要用淡水過一遍。如果是短航

4、次（比如上個卸港是韓國，下個裝港在日本），時間短來不及洗全套，那么就不用海水洗直接用淡水洗，節(jié)省時間。例二：Vessel"sholdsondeliveryorlatestonarrivalfirstloadporttobecleanswept/washeddownbyfreshwateranddriedupsoastoreceivecharterers"intendedcargoofsteelcoilsinallrespects,freeofsalt(s),looserustscalesandpreviouscargoresiduetothesatisfactionofin

5、dependentsurveyor.Thesurveyormayapplysilver-nitratetesttocheckabovecondition.Ifthevesselfailstopassanyholdinspection/testasabovethevesselshouldbeplacedoff-hirefromthetimeofrejectionuntilthevesselpassesthesameinspection/testagain.Anyextradirectlyprovenexpenserelatedtobeforowners"aount.上述條款還提到“si

6、lver-nitratetest”，這是用來檢測貨艙是否有海水可能會污染貨物的一種簡易方法。用淡水洗過艙，也是不用擔(dān)心會檢測出來問題。裝貨裝鋼材如何裝如何綁扎，這是一門學(xué)問。船上有本CargoSecuringManual專門講如何綁扎固定貨物，不同貨物分不同章節(jié)。比如下面是其中一章節(jié)講怎么裝coils，coils重量不同，在貨艙里面壘的層數(shù)也不同。從基本上講，無論裝什么貨肯定都不能超過tanktopstrength以及船舶穩(wěn)性，同時要符合IMO的要求。比如下面的條款:Steelcoilstobeloaded/stowed/lashedandsecuredwithwoodenbattenstom

7、asterssatisfactionwithregardtostresstrimandstabilityrequirementsandalwaysinaordancewithIMOcodesandvesselstanktopstrengths,alsoinpliancewithlocalload/dischargeportauthoritiesregulations.VesselisnottobeemployedincarriageofsteelslabswhichemployCaliforniablockstowageorverticalblockstowage.*關(guān)于Californiab

8、lockstowage(CBS)和CBS的風(fēng)險，可以參考Gard的文章CaliforniaBlockStowage-Toofreeandeasy?(.gard.no/web/updates/content/52442/california-block-stowage-too-free-and-easy)或者其他PNIClub出的文章。通常也還會加上這句"Alldunnage/lashing/securingtobeforcharterers"aount/risk/expenses"。另外還有"Removalcostisalsoforcharterers&

9、quot;aount"，就是說卸貨的時候把墊艙的木板呀綁扎的鋼條呀統(tǒng)統(tǒng)都由租家安排處理掉，如下圖hotrolledcoils的裝貨示例。Preloadingsurvey船東有義務(wù)把貨物完好的運(yùn)到卸港交給收貨人。如果裝finishedsteelproducts(productswillnotbeprocessedinasteelmillbeforebeingusedinamanufacturingprocess)，比如ColdRolledCoils，貨物就有可能會在從倉庫運(yùn)到港口的途中或者在港口堆放時生銹、貨損。對于船東來講，如果在卸貨時候發(fā)現(xiàn)貨損，則很難去證明貨損是在裝貨前還是裝貨后

10、發(fā)生的。因此，如果裝finishedsteelproducts，PNIClub都會要求進(jìn)行Preloadingsurvey。作為Drybulkoperations，則需要做如下幾件事情：1. 通知PNI貨種，詢問是否Preloadingsurveyisrequiredornot.2. 如果拿到PNI的答復(fù)說要求做Preloadingsurvey，那么需要提供貨量、裝港、裝港代理、船舶動態(tài)等。3. 拿到surveyordetails之后，通知船長和charterersSurveyor會檢查貨物的狀況并給船長裝貨的建議，以及如何正確的描述貨物狀況并表述在大副收據(jù)和提單上。關(guān)于Preloadings

11、urvey的費用，PNI都是會cover的。同charterers之間，則要看合同如何規(guī)定，有的合同會講一家一半，有的會說是forcharterers"aount，還有的說tobeforaountofthepartywhoorderedsame。下雨天可以裝卸貨嗎？裝鋼材還有個下雨天是否允許裝卸貨的問題。Finishedsteelproducts一般是不會允許雨天裝卸貨的。Unfinishedsteelproducts可以允許雨天(通常是lightrain)裝卸貨，租家還要出雨天裝卸貨的LOI,比如說裝鋼材的租船合同會有類似下面的條款：Ownersallowchartererstol

12、oad/dischargehotrolledcoilsandhotplatesandpipesduringrainontheconditionthat:- Duringlightrain.- Hotrolledcoilsandhotplatesandpipesonly,andnocoldrolledcoilsorothersteelcargoestobeloadedinsamehold(s).Incasecoldrolledcoilsorothersteelcargoestobeloadedinsameholds,suchcargoestobeloadedonlyafterbottomofho

13、ldsbedrieduptothesatisfactionofthemaster,andtobedischargedonlyduringnorainisobserved.- Finaldecisionisalwaysatmaster"sdiscretion.- Charterersshallindemnifytheownersfromanyconsequencesarisingfromtheloadingand/ordischargingduringrainandissueletterofindemnityundercharterers"letterheadasperownersform.最后一下鋼材的類型以及哪些需要做Preloadingsurvey，僅供參考，詳情要咨詢PNI,不同的PNI給的