初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)試題和答案

1、專業(yè)資料一、時(shí)態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(1)構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞have +過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞 have有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用has,其余用have.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式直接在助動(dòng)詞后面加上not、疑問(wèn)式是把助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前。以study為例，其否定式、疑問(wèn)式和簡(jiǎn)單回答形式如下：否定式疑問(wèn)式I have not (haven ' t) studied .Have I studied You have not (haven ' t) studied .Have you studied?He has not (hasn ' t) studied .Has he s

2、tudied 否定疑問(wèn)式簡(jiǎn)單回答(肯定/否定)Have I not (Haven't I) studiedYes, you have. No, you haven ' t.Have you not (Haven't you) studied?Yes, I have. No, I haven' t.Has he not (Hasn't he) studiedYes, he has. No, he hasn' t.(2)用法：1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常表示在 說(shuō)話之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)調(diào)的是該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的 結(jié)果或影響。My daugh

3、ter has just gone out.我女兒剛出去。I ' m sure we ' ve met before.我肯定我們以前見過(guò)面。She has arrived. 她到了。2)表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用， 如 recently, already, just,lately, for ，since ，yet 等。如：I haven ' t heard from her these days.這些日子我沒(méi)有收到她的信。We haven' t seen you recently.最近我們沒(méi)有見到你。They have

4、 been away for two years.他們離開已經(jīng)兩年了。She has been with us since Monday.注意：a) since和for的區(qū)別since 后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如 1993, last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段時(shí)間，表示“長(zhǎng)達(dá)多久"，如 ten years, a while, two days 等。 Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has been in Ireland Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland three

5、 days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country 1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.8. Mike has been ill a lo

6、ng time. He has been in hospital October.2）表示短暫意義的動(dòng)詞如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成 時(shí)當(dāng)中不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，因?yàn)樗鼈儽硎镜膭?dòng)作不可能持續(xù)。因此，不能說(shuō):He has come here for 2 weeks. xThe old man has died for 4 months.xThey have left only for 5 minutes.x以上三句話可以改為:for 4 months.He has been here for 2 weeks.The

7、 old man hasThey have only for 5 minutes2） have （has） been 和 have （has） gone 的區(qū)別：表示“曾到過(guò)某地"要用 "have （has） been"表示“已經(jīng)去某地"要用 "have （has） gone "。試比較：Where has he been?他剛才到哪里去了？（已經(jīng)回來(lái)了）Where has he gone?他上哪兒去了 ？（人不在）They have been to Canada.他們到過(guò)加拿大。（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大）They have gone t

8、o Canada.他們到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已經(jīng)到加拿大）3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two daysago, just now, when I camein ,但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等連用。例如：She has already come. 她已經(jīng)來(lái)了。I haven ' t read it yet.我還沒(méi)讀過(guò)這個(gè)。I have met

9、 him before. 我從前曾見過(guò)他。Ma Hong has always been a good student. 馬紅直是個(gè)好學(xué)生。I have often seen him in the street.我經(jīng)常在街上看見他。They have n ever been to Yan ' an. 他們從未去過(guò)延安。I haven't seen him lately.我近來(lái)沒(méi)看到他。BaseFormPast FormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroug

10、htbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtIrregular Verbscatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflownrunranrungetgotgotsaysaidsaidgivegavegivenseesawseengowentgonesellsoldsoldgrowgrewgrownsendsentsenthavehadhad

11、singsangsunghearheardheardsinksank/sunksunkkeepkeptkepttaketooktakenleaveleftleftteachtaughttaughtloselostlostwritewrotewrotemakemademadeam, iswasbeenputputputarewerebeenreadreadreadExercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I already(see) the film. I(see) it last week.2. he(finish) his

12、work today? Not yet.3. My father just(come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Where ' s Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher ' s office.5. I(work) here since I(move) here in 1999.6. So far I(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long the Wangs(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I just(finish) my home

13、work.9. He(go) to school on foot every day.10. you(find) your science book yet?11. If it(be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12. The students(read) English when the teacher came in.13. Look! The monkey(climb) the tree.14. My mother(come) to see me next Sunday.15. I've lost my pen.you(see) it

14、 anywhere?II. Choose the best answer.1. How long have you here?A. comeB. got C. arrivedD. been2. My grandpa died.A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. when I was 2.D. my age was 6.D. never beenB. since C. for D.3. Jane has to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. beenB. goneC. went4. It is ten yea

15、rs I last saw her. A. afterthat5. -Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?-I will. I her several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD. will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long you it?-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buy B. did, buyC. are, havingD. have, had7. -Do you know Lydia very well?-Yes, She and I frien

16、ds since we were very young.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have beenD. have turnedword完美格式8. The Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have beenD. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?-Sorry. He the Bainiao Park.A. has been toB. has gone toC. went toD. will

17、go to10.-you ever to the US?-Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, beenC, Do, go D. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before.（改為否定句）I been to Macau before.2. He hasn' t come to school because he was ill.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now.（用 just 改寫）

18、I justa new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago.（改為同義句 ）We English three years5. He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）6. They have been here since 2000：-，（ 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）have they been here?（動(dòng)7. The old man last year. He has for a year. （die）詞填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Miss Gao has an h

19、our ago.Ask the questions1) I have been there for two days.you?2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3) He left here yesterday.4) They bought a book two hours ago. they a book?Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since" to fill in the blanks.1. I have seen him before, so I ha

20、ve no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film? ""No, I have seen it.5. “Has the bus left?”"Yes, it has left.一、翻譯下列句子：你曾經(jīng)吃過(guò)魚和薯?xiàng)l嗎？2 .我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書。3 .我以前從來(lái)沒(méi)去過(guò)那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。4 .他已經(jīng)吃過(guò)午飯5 .你已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了嗎？6 .我哥哥還沒(méi)回來(lái)。7 .這本字典

21、我已買了三年了。8 .他離開中國(guó)三年了。9 .我認(rèn)識(shí)他們五年了。10 .他們已去了美國(guó)五年了。11 .自從他搬到濟(jì)寧，他就住這兒了。12 .我妹妹成為一個(gè)大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。13 .自從1999年以來(lái)他們就認(rèn)識(shí)。14 .我來(lái)到這個(gè)學(xué)校已 3年多了。1.two years5.yesterday8.an hour ago11.she left here二、用 since 和for 填空2.two years ago3.last month 4.19996.4 o ' clo ck 74 hours9.we were children 10.lunch time12. He has lived

22、in Nanjing the year before last.13. I ' ve known him we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.15. She has been away from the city about ten years.16. It ' s about ten years she left the city.三、結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語(yǔ)。 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / com

23、e / go / move to spfbe in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He Beijing for .2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I the USA since. 3) I went homeyesterday. I home for .4) They came here last week. They here since. come to / go back to / return

24、tof be back to go outf be out1) He came out two years ago.He for.2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We to Beijing since. become f be1) I became a teacher in 2000. I a teacher for .2) The river became dirty last year. The river dirty for. close f be closed openf be open1) The shop closed two hours ago

25、. The shop for2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door forsix hours. get up - be up ; die - be dead ; leave sp. f be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleepf be asleep ; finish / end f be over ； marry f bemarried ; 1) I got up two hours ago.I since.2) He left Shanghai just now.He Shanghai

26、for fiveminutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa for.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I since.6) They married in 1990. They since. start / begin to do sth.f do sth. ； begin f be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I at this scho

27、ol since.2) The film began two minutes ago. The film for. borrow f keep ; lose f not have ; buy f have ; put on f wear catch / get a cold f have a cold ; get to know f know1) They borrowed it last week.They it since.2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I a pen for.3) I got to know him last year. I him s

28、ince.4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I my glasses for . have / has gone to f have been in He has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the armyfbe a league member /a Party member / a soldier f be a member of the league / the Party fbe in the league / the Part

29、y / the army 1) He joined the league in 2002.He a for two years.He a the for two years.He the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother a for.My brother in for two years.四、劃線提問(wèn)1) I have been there for two days.you 2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3

30、) He left here yesterday. he?4) They bought a book two hours ago. they a book五、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where Li Fei?B: He to Hainan Island.A: How long he there?B: He there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?C: I'm afraid he won ' t come back recently.A: Co

31、uld you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I never there.A: How many times Li Fei to that place?B: He there only once.六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to及 go 的各種形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He his country.2) David the park just now.3) John England since he came back.4) How long they this vil

32、lage?5) The Smiths Beijing for years.6)you ever America? - Yes, I there many times.7) I this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He the farm.9) When he? He an hour ago.10) Would you like to to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I there before.11) Where you now? - I to the zoo.12) He often swimming

33、.13) you there last year?14) they often skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空1. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film? ”"No, I have seen it. ”

34、5. "Has the bus left?”“Yes, it has left. ”八.用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：1.She' s (live) here ever since she was ten.1.80 th of them(be) in Hongkong for ten days.1.81 th of them(come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour(pass) since the train (leave).5. Mary(lose) her pen.you(see) it here and there?6. you(

35、find) your watch yet?7. 一Areyou thirsty? 一No I just (have) some orange.8. We - already(return) the book.9. they (build) a new school in the village?10. I(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father(read) the novel twice.12. I(buy) a book just now.13. I(lost ) my watch yesterday.14. Myfat

36、her (read) this book since yesterday.參考答案:1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 1

37、4. is coming 15. Have, seen Keys: 1. Howlong have, been there 2. Howlong has, lived here 3. Whendid, leave here 4. When did, buyKeys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)題答案一.翻譯下列句子：1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?2. I have just lost my chemist

38、ry book.3. I have never been to the farm before.4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.5. Have you seen the movie yet?6. My brother hasn ' t come /get / been back yet = My brother hasn' treturned yet.7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.8. Has

39、 been away from China for three years.9. I have known them for five years.10. They have been in the USA for five years.11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has beenin college for three years.13. They have known each other

40、since 1999.14. I have been in this school for over three years.二、用 since 或者for 填空1. for 2. since3. since 4. since5. since6. since 7. for8 since9.since10. since11. since 12.since 13. since 14.for 15.for16. since三、結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語(yǔ) 1. has been in , five minutes2. have been in , 20083. have

41、 been at, two days4. have been , last week 1. have been out, two years2. have been back , yesterday 1. have been , nine years2. has been , two years 1. has been closed , two hours2. has been open 1. have been up , two hours ago2. has been away from3. has been dead , seven years4. has been over5. have been asleep , two hours ago6. have been married , 1990 1. have taught , 19952. has been