非謂語動詞經典用法講解與練習

1、非謂語動詞經典用法講解與練習命題規(guī)律1. 考查立意較低，主要考查的是非謂語的一些最基本的用法。但是，題目的設置注重了情景化和結構復雜化，加大了考生對題干句的理解難度。2. 設問的角度呈現出多樣化趨勢，不僅僅是非謂語問的互相干擾。命題趨勢不容置疑，高考將繼續(xù)加強對非謂語動詞的考查，試題的特征將繼續(xù)呈現出情景化”和設問角度的多樣化”的趨勢，但試題的難度將會有所控制。解題思路 解析句子結構，確定設空在句子中充當的功能（如狀語、定語或賓補）； 找準相關動詞的邏輯主語，確定該動詞與邏輯主語是什么關系（主動還是被動）； 搜索句子中相關的時間信息，確定非謂語動詞的恰當形式； 將該選項置入空中，看是否能夠做到

2、字從意順，或是否能傳達有效信息、完成交際任務。分詞、不定式作賓補用法要點一、分詞、不定式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別1.感官動詞see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,notic爵和使役動詞have后面的賓補有三種形式，hear+賓語+do（表主動和完成）hear頊語+doing（表主動或正在進行）hear頊語+done（表被動或完成）如IheardKevinanEnglishsongjustnow.（sing）IheardKevinanEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.IheardtheEnglishsongmany

3、times.注意：不及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補表完成和狀態(tài)。如：Ilookeddownatmyneckandfoundmynecklace_gone.狀態(tài)）Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometownchangedsomuch況成）EXERCISE:1、Isawhim（change）thewheelofhiscaryesterda我看見他在換汽車輪子。（意味著我看到了整個動作過程）2、Isawhim（change）thewheelofhiscarwhenIarrivedathishouse.#見他換汽車輪子。（可能意味著我只看到動作過程的一部分）3、Isawthewheelofhi

4、scar（change）byaboyjustnow.4、Isawhim（run）downthestreet.我看見他沿著街跑。5、Ifeltanant（climb）overmyleg.我感到一只螞蟻正在我的腿上爬。6、SuddenlyInoticedher(stand)outside突然我注意到她正站在外邊。7、Whenwewenthome,wefoundthedoor(lock).8、Wecanhearthewindows(beat)bytheheavyraindrops.9、Theyfeltthemselves(cheat).10、TheAmericanChineseisamazedtof

5、indhishometowngreatly(change).11、Icouldhearthegirls(sing)intheclassroomwhenIenteredtheclasssroon.我能聽到女孩們在教室里唱歌。12、Ihaveneverheardthesong(sing)inmyschool.13、InthedreamPetersawhimselfbyafiercewolf,andhewokesuddenlywithastart.(2006上海卷)A.chasedB.tobechasedC.bechasedD.havingbeenchased14Afteraknockatthedo

6、or,thechildheardhismotherhimvo2007上海春)A.callingB.calledC.beingcalledD.tocall15、Hewasseen(cross)theroadyesterdOe過程)有人看見他穿過馬路。16、Hewasseen(cross)theroad(正在進行的動作)有人看見他在穿過馬路。17、Themissingboyswerelastseen(play)neartheriver.2. leave后接三種形式作賓補時，其中的leave保留了原來之義留下”，但表達的確切之義應是使處丁某種狀態(tài))。leavesb.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事

7、(賓語和賓補之間是主謂關系，表示動作正在進行。)leavesth.undone留下某事未做(賓語和賓補之間是動賓關系，表示被動和完成，一股以undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched為多)leavesb.todosth.留下某人做某事leavesth.tobedone留下某事要做(不定式表示將來的動作。)如：Itswrongofyoutoleavethemach(run).Theguestsleftmostofthedishes(untouchbecausetheydidnttastedelicious.Heleft,leavingme(do)alltheres

8、twork.Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.3. have,get后接三種形式作賓補時，其中have,get表示使、讓、叫”之意。havesth.done=getsth.done使/讓某事由別人去做”(叫/讓某人做某事)。如IIIhave/getmybikerepairedtomorrow.此外，havesth.done還表示便遭受”之意。如Tomhadhislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.Mr.Smithhadhishousebrokenintowhilehewasawayonho

9、liday. havesb./sth.doing使/讓某人/物持續(xù)地做某事（現在分詞表示主動，正在進行）getsb./sth.doing使某人/物開始行動起來如：Thepeasantshadthetractorvorkingdayandnightattheharvesttime.Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進起來。注意：“havesb.doin苗用于否定句中，其中have有容忍”之意。如：Iwonthaveyouspeakingtoyourparentsliket

10、hat.Donthavethewaterrunningallthetime要讓水流個不停。 havesb.dosth.（getsb.todosth.）（/讓/叫某人去做某事如：Motherhadmegototheshopandbuysomesalt.Icantgethimtostopsmoking.Hewontlistentome.EXERCISES:1, Hemanagedtogetthetask（finish）ontime他設法按時完成了任務。2,Thedirectorgotherassistantsomehotdogsforthemeeting.（2008全國II卷）A.pickedup

11、B.picksupC.topickupD.pickingup,3,JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglishinashortperiod.（2007fl建卷）A.improvedB.improvingC.toimprove.improve,4-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?-Idliketohavethepackageeigh）,madam.5 ,Thedirectorhadherassistantsomehotdogsforthemeeting.（20UII卷）A.pickedupB.pi

12、cksupC.pickupD.pickingup6 Myparentshavealwaysmademeaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.（2007tt蘇卷）A.feelingwellB.feelinggoodC.feelwellD.feelgood7 Theyusecomputerstokeepthetrafficsmoothly.（20說國II卷）A.beingrunB.runC.torunD.running8 SorryIkeptyou（wait）alongtime.9 Theyshutthedoorandleftleavingthefire（burn）.hav

13、e+賓語+賓語補足語。精練用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeoplehaveit(do).2. Whodidyouhave(paint)thewallyesterday?3. Thevillagersaregoingtohaveanewbridge(build)overtheriver.4. Wehadthemachine(mend)justnow.5. Thepatientisgoingtohavehistemperature(take).6.Shehadhermoney(steal)whenshegotonthebus.7.

14、Iwonthaveyou(say)so.8. Donthavethedog(bark)much,Lilin.李林，別讓狗狂吠不停。9.1mleaving.Doyouhaveanythin(say)?10.Sheisgoingtoattendanimportantmeeting,butshehasnoclothes(wear).11. Thepoorwomanhadasmallroom(livein).12. Wehavealotofmoney.Doyouhaveanything(worryabout)?13. Doyouhaveanyclothes(wash)?,Siraskedthemaid

15、仗仆).14Icantgoswimmingtoday,forIhavesomanyclothes(wash).15.Theymightjusthaveaplaceonthewritingcoursevhydontyougiveitayt?A.leaveB.leftC.leavingD.toleave二、下列動詞后跟帶to的不定式作補語：advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,require,teach,tell,want,

16、warn,wish箸。如： Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenorderedtoissueclearwarningbeforefiringanyshots. Theteacheraskedusnottomakesomuchnoise. Thefluisbelievedtobecausedbyvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.三、不定式、現在分詞作賓補小竅門下列動詞后在主動語態(tài)中用不帶to的不定式作補語，但在被動語態(tài)中要加上to：它們是吾看三

17、室兩廳一感覺”看(lookat,see,watch,notice,observe；3使(make,let,have;2聽(listento,heai)；1感覺(fell)。以上動詞還可用現在分詞作賓語補足語(5+3+2+1-2+4)：即以上動詞除let,make外都可以用現在分詞作賓語補足語，此外find,catch,keep,have也可以用現在分詞作賓語補足語。如：Atthattime,Ifoundhimcryinginthestreet.Hewascaughtstealing.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.Themissingbo

18、yswerelastseenplayingneartheriver.四with結構過去分詞用在“with賓語+賓補”這一結構翻譯下列句子1. Thefarmerswalkedtothefieldwithhoesontheirshoulders2. Myfatherwassittinginachairwithhishandsfolded3. Thedaywasbright,withafreshbreezeblowing4. Tomisworkingtherewithonlyashirton5. Wesleptlastnightwiththelightson6. Johnlefttheroomwi

19、ththewindowsopen7. Mybrotherrushedintotheclassroom,withsweatdripping8. Theartistisworkingwithhishairtiedback9. Thestrangerisstandingtherewithhiseyeslookingatme10.Shestoodtherewithhiseyesfixedonme用所給詞的正確形式填空11.InpartsofAsiayoumustnotsitwithyourfeet(point)atanotherperson.12. Helaytherewithhiseyes(look

20、)atthesky.13. Thestudentsarelisteningtotheteacherwiththeireyes(fix)ontheblackboard.14. Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands(tied)back.15. Withallthesemouths(feed),hedidntknowwhattodo.16. Withtime(go)by,weunderstandmoreandmore.17. Theteachercamein.(手里拿著一些教科書)18.ltisabeautifulvillagewithamountainit.A.surr

21、oundedB.surroundingC.havingsurroundedD.havingbeensurrounded19. Withsomuchwork(do),hefeltupset.20. Withalotofproblems(dealwith),thenewpresidenthasahardtime.21. Withalltheproblems(settle),thepresidentfeltatease.22. Withsomanyfriends(careabout)me,Ifeelveryhappy.23. Thethiefwasbroughtin,withhishandsbehi

22、ndhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiredD.tiedComeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchworkmymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(2007才帛建卷)A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled不定式、分詞作定語用法要點一、不定式作定語1. 作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等，不定式后面須有相應的介詞。如：TheBrownshaveacomfortablehouset

23、olivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.Hereissomepaperforyoutowriteon.但是，不定式所修飾的/詞如果是time,place或way時，不定式后面的介詞習慣上省去。如：Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive（in）.Wefoundawaytosolvethisproblem（in）.2. 當作定語的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的承受者時，不定式既可以用主動語態(tài)，也可用被動語態(tài)，但其含義有所不同。試比較：Haveyouanythingtosend?你有什么東

24、西要寄嗎？（不定式tosend的動作執(zhí)行者是你”）Haveyouanythingtobesent?你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？（不定式tobesent的動作執(zhí)行者是我”或別人”）3. 用不定式作定語的幾種情況：不定式表將來：Iborrowedsomebookstoreadduringmyholiday.用來修飾被序數詞、最高級或no,all,any等限定的中心詞。如：Hewasthebestmantodothejob.ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.Womenandchildrenwerethefirsttoge

25、tintothelifeboats.用來修飾的詞是抽象名詞時，常見的有：ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time。如：DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?Ihaveachancetogosight-seeing.二、分詞作定語1.作定語的及物動詞分詞形式為：V4ng;being+過去分詞；當被修飾的名詞與分詞為主動關系時，用VTrig；當被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動關系且表正在進行時，用being+過去分詞；當被修

26、飾的名詞與分詞為被動關系且表完成時，用過去分詞。例如：Thehousesbeingbuiltarefortheteachers.ThebrokenglassisToms.Ihaveneverseenamoremovingmovie.2.作定語的不及物動詞分詞形式為：V-ing和過去分詞。V-ing表示正在進行;過去分詞表示已經完成。如：()8Therewasasuddenburstoflightaterriblenoise.A. followingB.tofollowC.followedD.followedbyfallingleaves正落的葉子fallenleaves落下的葉子boiling

27、water正沸騰的水boiledwater沸騰過的水(白開水)三、不定式、過去分詞和現在分詞被動式作定語的區(qū)別這三種形式作定語，主要是體現在動作的發(fā)生時間上。過去分詞表示的動作或是在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生，或是沒有一定的時間性。如：HaveyoureadthenovelwrittenbyDickens?Heisamanlovedandrespectedbyall.Dontusewords,expressionorphrasesknownonlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.現在分詞的被動式作定語時表示的動作正在發(fā)生或是與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生。如：List

28、en!Thesongbeingsungisverypopularwiththestudents.不定式的被動式作定語時，表示一個未來的動作。如：Thequestiontobediscussedatthetomorrowsmeetingisaveryimportant非謂語動詞作定語練習()1.Doyouknowtheboyunderthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying()2.Youwillseethisproductinthisfactoryadvisedwhereveryougo.A.makingB.ismadeC.ismakingD.made()3.-

29、WhatsthelanguageiNewZealand?-English.A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak()4.Therearemanypeopletobuycarsinthemodernworld.A.wantB.wantedC.wantingD.towant()5.ThecarinGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.A.producedB.producingC.toproduceD.whichproduced()6.-Whatareonshowinthemuseum?-SomepicturesbytheAfricans.A.

30、drawingB.drawnC.drewD.weredrawn()7.Whatisthebestwaydoyouthinkthewildanimals?A.protectingB.toprotectingC.protectedD.toprotect()9TheproblemsatthemeetingtomorrowarereallyhardtosolveA.discussedB.todiscussC.tobediscussedD.discussing()10.Thewordswith“L”arenteasilyforgotten.A.startingB.startedC.tostartD.wh

31、osestarting()11.Haveyougotanything?A.toopentheboxB.openingtheboxwithC.openingtheboxD.toopentheboxwith.-Hello,whatareyoureading?-AbookbyBillGates.A.writingB.writtenC.towriteD.whichwritten()13.YesterdayIheardastorybymyfriend.A.toldB.tellingC.totellD.tell()14.Isthereanytimetothemuseum?A.goingB.togoC.go

32、esD.goneoe.)12鏈接高考(福建卷)33。Canthoseatthebackoftheclassroomhearme?A.seatB.sitC.seatedD.sat(湖南卷)26.Thetreesinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown(江西卷)28.Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime.A.allowingB.toallowC.allowedD.allows(浙江卷)13.Itisoneofthefunniest

33、thingsontheInternetsofarthisyear.A. findingB.beingfoundC.tofindD.found上海卷)33.Ifthereisalotofwork,Imhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.A. todoB.tobedoingC.doneD.doing不定式、動名詞作賓語用法要點一、下面動詞只能用不定式作賓語，請牢記下歹0小詩：決心學會想希望，拒絕設法愿假裝。主動答應選計劃，同意請求幫一幫。Decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,

34、pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help此外，afford,strive(斗爭)等也要用不定式作賓語。例如： ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby. Weagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasntturnedupyet. Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystate-runcompaniesarestrivingtomaketheirproductsmorecompetitive.二、下列動詞只能用動名

35、詞作賓語，請牢記下列小詩：考慮建議盼原諒，承認推遲沒得想。避免錯過繼續(xù)練，否認完成停欣賞，不禁介意準逃亡。consider/suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardon,admit,delay/putoff,fancy,avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practise,deny,finish,enjoy/appreciatejanthelp,mind,allow/permit,escape,imagine,forbid,risk此夕卜beusedto,lookforwardto,leadto,devoteto,stickto,objectt

36、o,getdownto,payattentionto,cantsindt),giveup,feellike,insiston,putoff,thankyoufor,apologizefor,bebusy(in),havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in)等動詞詞組也要用動名詞作賓語。 Thesquirrelswasluckythattheyjustmissedbeingcaught. IcanhardlyimaginePetersailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays. Iwoul

37、dappreciateyourcallingbackthisafternoon.三、下列動詞或詞組既可以跟動名詞作賓語，也可以跟不定式作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別，要特別注意。1. forgettodosth.忘記去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記已經做過某事remembertodosth.記住去做某事rememberdoingsth.記得曾經做過某事regrettodosth.后悔/遺憾去做某事regretdoingsth.后悔做過某事stoptodosth.停下來去做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止做一件事情trytodosth.努力/試圖做某事trydoingsth.嘗試著做某事

38、meantodosth.意欲/想/企圖做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事goontodosth.（故完某事）接著做另一件事goondoingsth繼續(xù)做同一件事（=goonwithsth.）canthelptodosthP能幫助做某事canthelpdoingsth|#不自禁地做某事2. 動詞like,love,prefer后接不定式或動名詞作賓語均可。如表示經常性的行為可用動名詞，如表示具體的行為常用動詞不定式。但要注意：如果like,love,prefer前有would/should后面則應接動詞不定式。如：Ilikeswimming,butIdontliketoswimthis

39、afternoon.Iliketogoswimmingthisweekend.3. 在動詞allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟動名詞形式作賓語，如果后面有名詞或代詞作賓語，其后用動詞不定式作賓語補足語。即：allow/advise/forbid/permitdoingsth.allow/advise/forbid/permitsb.todosth.如：Wedontallowsmokinghere.Wedontallowstuddntosmoke.4. 動詞need,require,want作需要”解時，其后必須用動名詞的主動形式或不定式的被動形式作賓語，表示事情需要做。

40、這時動名詞的主動式表示被動意義。beworth后必須用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。此外，若動詞need表需要”，require表要求”，want表想要”這些意義時，其后須接名詞或代詞作賓語，然后接不定式作賓語補足語。即：need/require/wantdoing/tobedoneneed/require/wantsb.todosth.beworth+n.（表示錢數或相當丁錢數的名詞）beworthdoingbeworthyofbeingdonebeworthyof+n.值得beworthytobedone如：Thewindowneeds/requires/wantscleaning.The

41、windowneeds/requires/wantstobecleaned.窗戶需要擦一下。Theplaceisworthvisiting.Theplaceisworthyofavisit.Theplaceisworthyofbeingvisited.Theplaceisworthytobevisited.那個地方值得一去。如：onlyoneofthesebooksisworthreading.一Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?Oh,excellent,Itsworthreadingasecondtime.四、動詞不定式作動詞tell,show,understand,expla

42、in,teach,learn,advise,discuss,ask,decide,wonder,findout等詞的賓語時，前面常帶wh-引導詞。即how,what,whether,where,when,who等+todo。但why+不帶to的不定式。注意此用法的不定式的邏輯主語需與主句的主語或賓語保持一致，否則用賓語從句。例如：Heshowedushowtodothework.(=Heshowedushowweshoulddothework.)Idontknowwhattodo.(=IdontknowwhatIlldo.)Canyoutellmewhydoit?五、動詞不定式在介詞but,o

43、therthan后面時，如果介詞之前有行為動詞do的某種形式，那么介詞后的不定式不帶to,否則就要帶to。另外在cantchoosebut,canhelpbut,cantfiuW的不定式也要省略to。如：Wecoulddonothingbut/otherthanwait.Wehadnothingtodobut/otherthanwait.Wehavenochoicebuttowait.Icantchoosebutlaugh.Exercises1. Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit.A.reusingB.re

44、usedC.reusesD.tobereused2. BillsuggestedameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A.havingheldB.toholdC.holdingD.hold3. Davidthreatenedhisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.A.tobereportedB.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported4. -DoesyourbrotherintendtolearnGerman?-Yes,heintends.A.

45、XB.toC.soD.that5. IwouldlovetothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone6. Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremainswhethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen7. Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatinmynewjob.A.expec

46、tedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects8. Idontknowwhetheryouhappen,bi/tmgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.A.tobeheardB.tobehearingC.tohearD.tohaveheard9.1 stillremembertotheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takingD.beingtaken10.Somethingassimpleassomecoldwatermayclearyourmindandreli

47、evepressureA.todrinkB.drinkingC.tobedrinkingD.drunkII.Susanwantstobeindependentofherparents.Shetriedalone,butshedidntlikeitandmovedbackhome.A.livingB.toliveC.tobelivingD.havinglived12.1 heartheyvepromotedTom,buthedidntmentionwhenwetalkedonthephone.A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tob

48、epromoted13. ThereisnothingmoreIcantryyoutostay,soIwishyougoodluck.A.beingpersuadedpersuadingC.tobepersuadedD.topersuade14. Youcantimaginewhatdifficultywehadhomeinthesnowstorm.A.walkedB.walkC.towalkD.walking15. ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang,whowasreportedtheworldrecordinthe110-meterhurdl

49、erace.A.breakingB.havingbrokenC.tohavebrokenD.break1-5:DCCBB;6-10:BBDDB;11-15:ABDDC1. IcantstandwithJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestalkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop2. Eugenesneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.Itsnousewithhim.A.toargueB.arguin

50、gC.arguedD.havingargued3.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalwaysherpermissionforthings,thinkagain.A.getsB.gotC.togetD.getting4. Asthetwentiethcenturycametoaclose,therawmaterialsforagreatnationalliteraturewereathand,waiting.A.touseB.tobeusedC.tohaveusedD.tobeusing5. Afterhebecameconsciousherememb

51、eredandontheheadwitharod.A.toattack;hitB.tobeattackedtobehitC.attacking；behitD.havingbeenattackedhit6.Isntittimeyougotdowntothepapers?A.markB.bemarkedC.beingmarkedD.marking7. Theparentssuggestedinthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip.A.sleepB.tosleepC.sleepingD.havingslept8.Itisd

52、ifficulttoimaginehisthedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.A.acceptB.acceptingC.toacceptD.accepted1-5:CBDBD;6-10:DCB不定式、分詞作狀語用法要點一、不定式作狀語Hesatdowntohavearest.表目的）Theywenttheretovisittheirteacher.他們去那里拜訪老師。（表目的）Hewokeuponly/justtofindeverybodygone.他醒來發(fā)現大家都走了。（表示結果）MygrandmotherlivedtoseetheliberationofCh

53、ina.我祖母活到親眼見到中國解放。（表示結果）在某些形容詞作表語，表示喜、怒、衷、樂后跟不定式表示原因。如：Iamverygladtoseeyou.我非常高興地見到你。Iamsosorrytohearyourmotherisill.聽至U你母親生病真遺憾。在帶有enough或too的句子里，也常用不定式作狀語，表示程度。如：Hewastooexcitednottosayafewwords.他太激動了，不會不講幾句話的。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他至U上學年齡了。Sheistootiredtodothejob.她太累而不能做那件工作了。注意：強調動詞不定式所表示的目的

54、時，動詞不定式可用inorderto（為了）或soasto（以便）+動詞原形。soasto不用丁句首。Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.他早起為了趕上第一班車。Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassenger車停下來以便接侖內乘客。Tolookathim,youwouldlikehim.（表條件）Totellyouthetruth,Ihavegotnomoneyaboutme.Tobehonest,Iknownothingaboutit.修飾全句，獨立成分）二、分詞作狀語1. 分詞作狀語的基本原則分詞作狀語時，分詞的邏輯主語必須與句

55、子的主語保持一致。分詞作狀語必須和句中主語含有邏輯上的主謂或動賓關系，否則不能使用分詞作狀2. 分詞作狀語的句法功能分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，可以表時間、原因、結果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況等。表示時間關系的分詞短語有時可由連詞while或when引出。如：Hearingthenews,theygotexcited.（寸間）Becarefulwhile/whencrossingthestreet.肘間）Havingbeenbittenbyasnake,shewasfrightenedati挪因）Givenachance,Icansurprisetheworld.條件）Thecupdropp

56、edtotheground,breakingintopieces.結果）Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake訂（步）Theteachercameintothelab,followedbysomestudents伴隨狀況）3. 獨立成分作狀語有些分詞短語，其形式的選擇不受上下文的影響，稱作獨立成分。常見的有：Generallyspeaking般說來Franklyspeaking坦白地說Judgingfrom根據來判斷Considering考慮到Totellyouthetruth說實話非謂語動詞作狀語練習（A）（時間原因條件狀語）1. anythingabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.A.NotknownB.KnowingnotC.KnownnotD.Notknowing2. moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven3. in1636,Harvardisoneofthemostfamous