不定代詞用法及練習(xí)

1、不定代詞的用法不定代詞包括：復(fù)合不定代詞和兼作形容詞的不定代詞1 .復(fù)合不定代詞：-body,-one,-thing;some-,any-,every-,no-Some-:someone,somebody,something.Any-:anyone,anybody,anything.Every-:everyone,everybody,everything.No-:noone,none,nobody,nothing.例子：something和somebody可以表示某人，有人Ineedsomeone/somebodytohelpmeHasanyone/anybodyeverheardofsuch

2、athing?(2)Anybody和anyone在否定句與疑問句中用上，也可表示肯定句中的任何人。Ididn'tknowanyone/anybodyattheparty.Anyonecanseethroughyou.Shefeltthatshecoulddoitbetterthananyoneelse.(3)everyone與everybody表示每個(gè)人，與not連用表示部分否定，Everyone/Everybodypresentlaughed,includingme.Noteveryone/everybodycanworkoutthisproblemEveryone/Everybod

3、ycan'tbegoodatpaintingEveryone與everyoneEveryone指的是每個(gè)人，不指物后面不能加of短語Everyone可指人和物，后面可以跟of短語Iseveryoneheretoday?Hisbooksarewonderful.Ihavereadeveryoneofthem.(4)something與anything共同點(diǎn)：都可以表示某物，某事Something用于肯定句中，anything用于在疑問句中Anything,用于在肯定句中表示任何事物，在否定句中任何事物都沒有Theysawsomethinginthesky.Isthereanythings

4、pecialyouwanttodoorseeinBejing?YoucanbuyanythingyouwantSoIdon'teatanythingthat'sbeencookedinoil.(5)everything與nothingPeterlovesdreamingabouteverythig.Alicehadnothingtodo.PS:不定代詞后面加形容詞：Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellus?Ihavenothingimportanttodealwithnow.(6)nodody與nooneNobody/Nooneknowsthes

5、ecretIhavenoone/nobodytotalkto.PS:Somebody與nobody作名詞表示：是個(gè)人物，無名小卒，小人物Iwasnothingandnobodywitheverythingtoprove.Heissomedodyinthecity.all,another,any,both,each,either,few,little,many,much,neither,other,some.2兼作形容詞的不定代詞；(1)Some與anySome飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞，表示一些，在肯定句中Any在于否定句，疑問句和條件句之中。Someofthesesingerswereabl

6、etosingEnglishsongsjustaswellasnativespeakers.Therearen'tanyastronautsinthespacecraft.Arethereanygoodmuseumsinthecity?PS:在wolud開頭的請求疑問句中用someWouldyoulikesomecoffee?Any在肯定句中表示任何一個(gè)，任何一些Youcanbuythisbookatany在否定句中notany表示noYoucanbuythisbookatanybookstoreinourcity.Therearen'tanybusesaftermidnigh

7、t.Therearenobusesaftermidnight.Someil示某個(gè)，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。Somepersonisaskingtoseeyou.2 2)many,much,few,afew,little,alittle修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞Many許多Few很少Afew幾個(gè)修飾或指代不口數(shù)名詞Much許多Little彳艮Alittle少許少PS：Many與much的區(qū)別Many修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)Much修飾或者指代不可數(shù)名詞Much/many+of+艮定詞（the或者形容詞性物主代詞）+名詞/代詞：不定代詞+（of+限定詞）+名詞/代詞，表示.中的很多Englishcanhelpu

8、sunderstandmanybooksandmovies.Youareafraidoftoomuchhomework.Howmanyofyouhaveworkedoutthisproblem?Muchofhermoneywasspentonclothes.few,afew；little,alittleFew是many的反義詞，表示很少，具有否定意義；afew表示“一些，幾個(gè)”，具有肯定意義，二者用來修飾或者指代可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)little是much的反義詞，表示很少，具有否定意義；alittle表示少許，具有肯定意義，二者用來指代和修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Therewerefewpeoplelivin

9、gthere.It'spolitetotakeafewflowersasagift.Thereislittletimeleft.ShecanspeakalittleChinese.PS:onlyafew意思為“僅幾個(gè)"；Onlyalittle意思為“僅一點(diǎn)兒”Notafew表示"不少"；notalittle意思為"很多"Onlyafewkilometers.IcanspeakonlyalittleEnglish.Ihavemadenotafewgoodfriendshere.Iamsorrytogiveyounotalittletrou

10、ble.Alittle與abit都可以指代不可數(shù)名詞alittle后面直接加名詞，abit+of+名詞notalittle十分，非常notabit一點(diǎn)也不Heisnotalittleangry.他非常生氣Heisnotabitangry.他一點(diǎn)也不生氣(3)alleach與everynone1All作代詞時(shí)，修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，指三者或三者以上的人或事。修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞，指“一切”Allarehere.Solet'sgetstarted.Ibroughtallofthem.Shehadreadthemall.Hecalledupallhisfriendsandtoldthema

11、bouttheproblems.Hehasrunoutofallthemoney.PS:作否定時(shí)，部分否定，表示并非所有的Notallofusagreedtotheplan.Allofusdonotagreetotheplan.(我們并非都同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃)Noneofusagreetotheplan.2each可作主語，賓語，定語，同位語；后加of的時(shí)候若作主語，后面謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Eachoftheanswersisright.Weeachhaveourowncar.=Eachofushasourowncar.3every從整體的角度說明，用于三者或者三者以上的場合，只能作定語，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)

12、,在every+名詞中，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。EverystudentintheclasslikesEnglish.4none只起指代作用，作主語，賓語，表語，意思是“沒有一點(diǎn)兒”None可以與of連用，作主語時(shí)。若指代可數(shù)名詞，則謂語單復(fù)數(shù)皆可；若指代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Nonehave/hasarrived.Noneofthemspeak(s)English.PS:noone指的人，不加ofNone既可以指人也可以指的物，既可指代可數(shù)名詞，也可指代不可數(shù)名詞noone是對who的回答none是對howmany,howmuch的回答eg:Whotoldyouthenews?Noone.H

13、owmuchmoneyhaveyougotonyou?None.Howmanystudenthavesignedtojointheclub?None(4)botheither與neitherBoth表示兩者都，修飾或者指代可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)Either表示兩者中的一個(gè)，neither表示“兩者都不“，做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。BothofuswanttogoBothherchildrengotothesameschool.Eitherofyoucoulddoit.Ithinkeithermethodwillwork.DidyouseePeterandMike?No,Isa

14、wneitherofthem.Neitheransweriscorrect.“兩者并不都”我父母并不都支持我的計(jì)劃。我父母并不都支持我的計(jì)劃。我父母都不支持我的計(jì)劃。be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。PS:both表示否定的時(shí)候是部分否定，Bothmyparentsarenotformyplan.Notbothmyparentsareformyplan.Neithermyparentsisformyplan.Both作同位語在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，在系動(dòng)詞,Webothwenttothecinemalastnight.Areyourparentsbothteachers.Yes.Theybothare.Thec

15、ouplehavebothlivedhereforyears.Either與neitherIfyoudon'tgo,Iwon't,either.(neitherwillI)Youcouldborrowsomemoneyfromyourbrother.No,hedoesn'thaveanymoney,either.(5)another,other(s),theother(s)Another表示另一個(gè)，指代或者修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)，Another后有few或者是大于一的基數(shù)詞的時(shí)候，可以接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。Ican'tgototheparty,maybeanothert

16、ime.Idon'tlikethisone,pleaseshowmeanother.Youhadbetterstayathospitalforanotherfewdays.Hewillbebackinanothertendays.Other泛指其他的，不能單獨(dú)用，只能修飾名詞Others=other+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，泛指另一些，與some一起連用。GivemesomeotherexamplesSomeboysareplayingfootball,andothersareplayingbaskerball.Theother指的是兩者中的另一個(gè)，部分可以單獨(dú)用，也可以后面接到名詞Theoth

17、ers=theother+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)”一定圍其余的人或者是物”Hehastwosons,oneisadoctor,andtheotherisasoldier.Ontheothersideofthestreet,thereisasupermarket.Ihavegottenpencils.Twoofthemarered,theothersareblue.(6)one的用法不定彳t詞one既可以指人也可以指代物，只能單獨(dú)使用。復(fù)數(shù)形式用ones,所有格為one's,反身代詞用oneself。&one只能代替前面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，為避免重復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)ones代替可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，

18、泛指某些人，某些物。Hispenwasbroken,sosheneededanewone.Iwantlargerones,notsmallones.&one或者ones前面有the,this,that,these,those等時(shí)，特指某些人，某些物。Whichwoman?Theoneintheredcoat.Thewoolenonesarehangingthere.t.幾組常用不定代詞的區(qū)別：1) 代詞比較one,that和itone表示泛指，指名稱相同的另一物，或所提到的人或物中的一個(gè)。that和it表示特指。that與所指名詞為同類，但不是同一個(gè)，而it與所指名詞為同一個(gè)。Ican

19、'tfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuyone.ThehatyouboughtisbiggerthanthatIbought.Ican'tfindmyhat.Idon'tknowwhereIputit.用法代名詞形容詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)不定another另一個(gè)others別人，其他人another(boy)另一個(gè)(男孩)other(boys)其他男孩特定theother另一個(gè)theothers其余那些人、物theother(boy)另一個(gè)男孩theother(boys)其余那些男孩1)other可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別的”。

20、Wherearehisotherbooks?Ihaven'tanyotherbooksexceptthisone.2) other也可以用作代詞，與冠詞the連用構(gòu)成"theother”,表示兩個(gè)人或物中的“另一個(gè)“。常與one搭配構(gòu)成“one.,theother."句型。Hehastwobrothers.Oneis10yearsold,theotheris5yearsold.Sheheldarulerinonehandandanexercise-bookintheother.3) other作代詞用時(shí)，可以有復(fù)數(shù)“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常與some

21、搭配構(gòu)成“some.,others.“句型。Somewenttothecinema,otherswentswimming.Thiscoatistoolarge.Showmesomeothers,please.4) “theothers”表示特指某圍的“其他的人或物”。Wegothomeby4o'clock,buttheothersdidn'tgetbackuntil8o'clock.InourclassonlyTomisEnglish,theothersareChinese.5) another可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個(gè)”，還可以跟代詞one.Youc

22、anseeanothershipinthesea,can'tyou?Marydoesn'twanttobuythisskirt.Wouldyoupleaseshowheranotherone?6) another也可以作代詞用，表示“另一個(gè)”。I'mstillhungryafterI'vehadthiscake.Pleasegivemeanother.5. every和each的用法1） every強(qiáng)調(diào)全體的概念，each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念。Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.Eachstudentmayhaveonebook.2） ev

23、ery指三個(gè)以上的人或物（含三個(gè)），each指兩個(gè)以上的人或物（含兩個(gè)）。3） every不可以作狀語，each可作狀語。4） every有反復(fù)重復(fù)的意思，如everytwoweeks等；each沒有。5） every與not連用，表示部分否定；each和not連用表示全部否定。Everymanisnothonest.Eachmanisnothonest.6. all和both的用法。1） all和both都表示整體，但all者B,指三者以上。both者B,指兩者。在句中都可作主語、賓語、表語、同位語和定語。AllofuslikeMr.Pope.我們都喜歡Pope先生。（作主語）=Wealll

24、ikeMr.Pope.（作同位語）Allthewaterhasbeenusedup.（作主語）That'sallfortoday.（作表語）Whynoteatall（of）thefish?（作賓語）Alltheleadersarehere./Allknowledgecomesfrompractice.（作定語）2） both和all加否定詞是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分別用neither和none。Bothofusarenotgoodatsinging.NNeitherofusisgoodatsinging.Alloftheteachersarenotforeigners.INon

25、eoftheteachersareforeigners.注意：all與none用法一樣。跟單數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞；跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。Allofthestudentsarethere.All(of)themilkisthere.7. neither與nor的用法1） 如前句是否定式從句，則主句用neither,而不用nor。Ifyoudon'tdoit,neithershouldI.如果你不干，我也不干。2） 如后連續(xù)有幾個(gè)否定句式，則用nor,不用neither。Hecan'tsing,nordance,norskate.8. neither和either的用法1) nei

26、ther 表示"兩者都不"neither.nor意為”既不又不.either表示“兩者中的任何一個(gè)”,eitheror意為"或是,或是”Neitheroftheanswerisright.Ihaveneithertimenormoneytotakeatrip.Eithersentenceisright.Youcaneithergoorstay.9. many,much的用法Many,much都意為"許多"，many+可數(shù)名詞，much+不可數(shù)名詞。Howmanypeoplearethereatthemeeting?Manyoftheworker

27、swereatthemeeting.10. .anyone/anyone;noone/none的用法1） anyone和anyoneanyone僅指人，anyone既可指人，也可指物。2） noone和nonea)none后跟of短語，既可指人又可指物，而noone只單獨(dú)使用，只指人。b)none作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單，復(fù)數(shù)均可，而noone作主語謂語動(dòng)詞只能是單數(shù)。None of you could lift it.你們中沒有人可舉起它。-剛才有人打給我嗎？-沒有。Didanyonecallmeupjustnow?Noone.11、代詞it的用法：1）指代前面提到過的事物。如：Ofcourse

28、,Ilovejunkfoodtoo,butItrytoeatitonlyonceaweek.2）用來代替指示代詞this或that。如：-What'sthis?-It'sapencil.3）指嬰兒或不明身份的人。如：Someoneisknockingatthedoor,pleasegoandseewhoitis.4）指時(shí)間和季節(jié)。如：-What'sthetimenow?-It'steno'clock.5）表天氣。如：-What'stheweatherliketoday?-It'ssunny.6）表距離。如：Howfarisitfromyo

29、urhometoyourschool?7）用作形式主語，常用于以下句型中：a. Itisadj.+（forsb）todosth.如：Itisimportantforustoworkhard.b. It'stimetodo/for/that如：It'stimetogetup/forlunch/fthatwewenthome.c. ItseemsthatItseemsthatheisquitehappy.d. ItsonesturntodoIt'syourturntoanswermyquestion.e. It's+adj.+that如:It'snecess

30、arythatyoushouldbepresentatthemeeting.8)作形式賓語。如：Doyouthinkitnecessarytolearntowaitinline?其他成分”。如:9)引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+Itwasyesterdaythatwewenttoseeafilm.鞏固練習(xí)：I.Choosethebestanswer()1.Thisisaveryoldsong,soyoungpeopleknowit.A:fewB:littlec:afewD:alittle()2.Thetwofishermensawintheskywhilethe

31、ywerefishingbyariver.A:somethingstrangeB:anythingstrangeC:strangesomethingD:strangeanything()3.Therearen'tmanyorangeshere,butyoucantakeifyouwantto.A:fewB:afewC:alittleD:little()4.Therearetwentyteachersinthisgrade.Eightofthemarewomenteachersandarementeachers.A:theotherB:theothersC:othersD:other()

32、5.Mysportsshoesaretoosmall.Iwanttobuypair.A:theothersB:theotherC:otherD:another()6.Ididn'tlikethecrosstalk.oftheactorswasfunny.A:BothB:AllC:NeitherD:Either()7.ofushasreadthestory.A:SomeB:BothC:AllD:None()8.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning,somelikeswimming,likeballgames.A:theo

33、thersB:othersC:theotherD:other()9.Therearemanyhigh-risesonsideofHuaihaiRoad.Whatamagnificentview!A:eitherB:neitherC:bothD:all()10.ShanghaiWaihuantunnelisalreadyopentotraffic,soitwilltakeustimetogotoPudongInternationalAirport.A:afewB:fewerC:alittleD:less()11.Notlongago,ourcountrysetuparocketwithtwosm

34、allsatellitesintospace.Oneweighed204kilosand25kilos.A:anotherB:otherC:othersD:theother()12.Inordertokeephealthy,youshouldeatfastfood,freshvegetablesandtakeenoughexercise.A:fewer;fewerB:less;moreC:fewer;moreD:less;less()13.LiuXiangandYaoMingareworld-famoussportsstars.ofthemhavesetagoodexampletous.A:A

35、llB:NeitherC:BothD:None()14.Mr.Smithisquitebusytoday.Hehasmeetingstoattend.A:littleB:alittleC:fewD:afew().15.Obeythetrafficrulesandlearntoprotectyourself.ismoreimportantthanlife.A:NothingB:SomethingC:EverythingD:Anything()16.Canwedoourworkbetterwithmoneyandpeople?A:less,fewB:less,fewerC:little;,less

36、D:few,less()17.HehastwoflatsinLondon.However,isnew.A:bothB:neitherC:allD:none()18.Thereiswithyourwatch.Itgetsslowereveryday.A:nothingwrongB:somethingwrongC:wrongsomethingD:wrongnothing()19.Itseemsthathehasgottoshowus.Let'sgoandenjoyit.A:somethinginterestingB:interestingsomethingC:nothingsomethin

37、gD:interestingnothing()20.ofyouranswerisright.Pleasetryathirdtime.A:NeitherB:NoneC:EitherD:Both()21.KathyAliceathomelastSunday.A:Neither,nor,wereB:Both,and,wasC:Either,or,wasD:Notonly,butalso,were()22.ofthewinnershasbeenawardedaprize.A:EveryB:everyoneC:EachD:Both()23.Thereisinkinmypen.Wouldyougiveme

38、?A:little,alittleB:alittle,littleC:few,afewC:afew,few()24.Thedaysinwinterareshorterthaninsummer.A:thoseB:thatC:theseD:them()25.Theydon'tgotoEuropeforholiday,.A:neitherwillweB:neitherdoweC:sowillweD:sowewill()26.Itmustbeyourfirsttimetomeeteachother.Letmedotheintroduction.isMr.Smith.A:HeB:ThereC:T

39、hisD:That()27.I'mhungry.Iwanttoeat.cando.A:something,SomethingB:anything,AnythingC:something,AnythingD:anything,Something()28.ofuslikesthissonginourclass.A:NoneB:NooneC:AllD:Both()29.Ihaveasisterandtwobrothers.ofthemarenowinJapan.A:BothB:EveryoneC:EitherD:All()30.Isthereanywaterinthebottle?No,.A

40、:noneB:nothingC:notmanyD:quiteafew()31.Herworkisbetterthaninourclass.A:anyoneB:anyone'sC:anyone'selseD:anyoneelse's()32.Whichdoyouprefer,theredoneorthegreenone?A:NoneB:AnyC:EitherD:Every（）33.isinterestedinsuchasillyplay.A:NooneB:NoneofusC:AllofusD:Wealln.Rewritethesentencesasrequired1. B

41、othTomandTimaregoodatsports.（改為否定句）TomTimgoodatsports.2. Thisproblemissodifficultthatnobodycanworkitout.（保持原意）Thisproblemis_difficultfortoworkout.3. Allofthemareteachers.（改為否定句）ofthemateacher.4. Thisansweriswrong.Thatanswerisalsowrong.（保持句意）thisanswerthatoneisright.三、用some,any,no,every與thing,one,bod

42、y構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞填空。1. Don'tworry.Thereiswrongwithyou.2. Ifyoudon'ttellaboutit,willknow.3. Canyouhear?Yes,butIcan'tsee.4. Pleasegetreadyatonce.We'llgoatnineo'clock.5. Wouldyouliketoeat?6. Istherehere?Iwantsomehelp.7. Listen!iscoming.8. wasinterestedinthegame.歷年中考真題回顧：1. -Wow!Youvegotsomanyclothes.-Butofthemareinfashionnow.A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none2. Charleswasaloneathome,withlookingafterhim.A.someoneB.AnyoneC.notoneD.noone3. Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn'tanswerofthem.AotherBanyCnoneDsome4. TheCDsareonsale!Buyoneandyougetcomplete