為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

1、 Doing 為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由do +ing 構(gòu)成，構(gòu)成，充當(dāng)充當(dāng) 1.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 2. 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 3.表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 4. 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) 5.狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) 6.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，起名詞、形容詞、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，起名詞、形容詞、 副詞作用。副詞作用。 Doing 表示表示 主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行 Done 表示被動(dòng)、完成表示被動(dòng)、完成 Doing 作作主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) Doing . + V + O In many countries, shaking heads means “no” and nodding heads means “yes”.2. 作作賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ)）動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ)） He

2、 finished reading the book yesterday. I enjoy learning English. (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)）動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)） I am fond of watching TV. （介詞賓語(yǔ)（介詞賓語(yǔ)） 以下動(dòng)詞須用以下動(dòng)詞須用doing 做賓語(yǔ)做賓語(yǔ)enjoy, finish, suggest, appreciate, practice, try, risk, consider, miss, mind, delay, avoid, + doing need, require, want + doing = need to be done give up, cant h

3、elp, look forward, have trouble . +doing3. 作作表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) The story is amusing. The news is exciting . The situation is encouraging. Compare: doing & done The children are amused.People are excited by the news。The boy is encouraged by the words.4. 作作定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) a. the laughing audience / an amusing story Dusti

4、n Hoffman is famous for his role acting as a woman. ( 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)后后置置） The girl singing on the stage is my sister. CompareThe amusing play = the play that is amusing.The girl singing on the stage = The girl who is singing on the stage.a flying kite - a kite which is flying 放飛的風(fēng)箏放飛的風(fēng)箏 the rising sun the sun

5、 that is rising 在升起的太陽(yáng)在升起的太陽(yáng)the dancing girl - the girl who is dancing 在在跳舞女孩跳舞女孩the coming week the week that is coming 下周下周 Comparison the falling leaves - fallen leavesthe shocking news the shocked people 注：注： doing sth 作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句，表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行。定語(yǔ)從句，表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行。完成完成 被動(dòng)被動(dòng)注：注：done 表示被動(dòng)、完成。表示被動(dòng)、完成。Step 2. T

6、he boy who is coming to dinner this evening is a classmate of mine. Step 1. The boy is coming to dinner this evening He is a classmate of mine.Step 3. The boy coming to dinner this evening is a classmate of mine.Wrong : The boy is coming to dinner this evening is a classmate of mine There are some p

7、eople are waiting at the bus stop_5. Doing 作作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常為通常為 a: 感官動(dòng)詞，感官動(dòng)詞，如：如：see, notice, watch, hear, listen to, feel, observe, find + sb + doing We heard the children singing in her room.We watched the children diving into the water from the top board. b. 役使動(dòng)詞役使動(dòng)詞. 表示表示“使使”，“讓讓”的

8、意思。的意思。 keep sb doing 保持保持. leave sb doing 使處使處于于 get sb/ sth doing讓做讓做 have sb doing 讓讓做做. set sb/ sth doing使使Well soon have you walking again. 我們會(huì)不久讓你重新走起來(lái)我們會(huì)不久讓你重新走起來(lái)。I leave the machine running all day. 我讓機(jī)器整天運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著。我讓機(jī)器整天運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著。 More examples Step 1. People saw the police. The police were breaking th

9、e window with a hammer. （簡(jiǎn)單句）（簡(jiǎn)單句）Step 2. People saw the police who were breaking the window with a hammer. （定語(yǔ)從句）（定語(yǔ)從句）Step 3. People saw the police breaking the window with a hammer. ( doing 短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)）短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)）6. 狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)，表時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、方式、，表時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、方式、 伴隨伴隨 、讓步、條件。、讓步、條件。 Being ill, she went home. (原因）原因） = Bec

10、ause she was ill, she went home.He lied in the sofa, watching TV.（伴隨）（伴隨）= He lied in the sofa and he was watching TV The trees fell, blocking the road. (結(jié)果）結(jié)果） =The trees fell and it blocked the road. Hearing the news, the boys jumped with joy.=When the boys heard the news, they jumped with joy.Doi

11、ng 的完成式：的完成式： Having done = after sb has /had done Having finished the work, they had a rest. = After they had finished the work, they had a rest. ( having done . 完成式完成式，表，表 時(shí)間）時(shí)間） Having eaten the meal, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. =After the beggar had eaten the meal, he stood on his head and sang songs. 否定式否定式 Not doing She stood at the table, not knowing what to do.被動(dòng)式被動(dòng)式 Being done He never reads newspapers while walking avoid being killed by a car. 完成被動(dòng)式完成被動(dòng)式 Having been doneHa