G20杭州峰會背景

1、logoLocation of G20 developing nationsBackground G20 was initiated in 1999 and consists of Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Republic of Korea, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and th

2、e European Union (EU). 二十國集團(tuán)（G20）由七國集團(tuán)財長會議于1999年倡議成立，由阿根廷、澳大利亞、巴西、加拿大、中國、法國、德國、印度、印度尼西亞、意大利、日本、韓國、墨西哥、俄羅斯、沙特阿拉伯、南非、土耳其、英國、美國以及歐盟等20方組成。 Management Arrangements The G20 Presidency rotates annually according to a system that ensures a regional balance over time. Reflecting its nature as an informal po

3、litical forum. the G20 does not have a permanent secretariat. Instead. the G20 President is responsible for bringing together the G20 agenda in consultation with other members and in response to developments in the global economy. 運(yùn)作方式 二十國集團(tuán)以非正式的部長級會議形式運(yùn)行，不設(shè)常設(shè)秘書處，主席采取輪換制。該集團(tuán)的財長和央行行長會議每年舉行一次。每年的部長級例會

4、一般與七國集團(tuán)財長會議相銜接，通常在每年的年末舉行。會議由主席國及一些國際機(jī)構(gòu)和外部專家提供秘書服務(wù)和支持，并可根據(jù)需要成立工作小組，就一些重大問題進(jìn)行評審和提出對策建議。 To ensure continuity, the Presidency is supported by a “troika” made up of the current, immediate past and future host countries. In 2016 the G20 Presidency is held by China. During Chinas host year, the members o

5、f the G20 troika are China, Turkey and Germany.PAST SUMMITS The summit focused on coordinated fiscal and monetary stimulus measures with the amount of 1.1 trillion US dollars to avert the threat of global depression agreed on additional resources for the IM F and multilateral development banks to as

6、sist countries to weather the financial crisis and to establish the Financial Stability Board. A LeadersStatement was released at the conclusion of the summit. 2008 Washington The first G20 Leaders Summit was held from 14-15 November 2008 in Washington D.C., United States of America. The summit focu

7、sed primarily on strengthening financial regulation, with agreement on a 47-point action plan to improve financial regulation over the medium term. A Declaration was released at the conclusion of the summit. 2009 London G20 leaders met on 2 April 2009 in London, United Kingdom. The summit focused on

8、 coordinated fiscal and monetary stimulus measures with the amount of 1.1 trillion US dollars to avert the threat of global depression, agreed on additional resources for the IMF and multilateral development banks to assist countries to weather the financial crisis and to establish the Financial Sta

9、bility Board. A Leaders Statement was released at the conclusion of the summit. 2009 Pittsburgh The G20 Leaders Summit was held from 24-25 September 2009 in Pittsburgh, United States of America. Leaders designated the G20 to be the premier forum for international economic cooperation, agreed to act

10、together to support the global recovery through a Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth with a Mutual Assessment Process, and to reform global financial institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. A Leaders Statement was released at the conclusion of the

11、 summit.2010 TorontoThe G20 Leaders Summit was held from 26-27th June 2010 in Toronto, Canada.The summit focused on the need for fiscal consolidation, with agreement that advanced G20 deficit economies would at least halve fiscal deficits by 2013 and stabilise or reduce sovereign debt ratios by 2016

12、, complemented by ongoing structural reform across all G20 members to rebalance and strengthen global growth.Leaders also agreed to conclude work in the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision on a new global regime for bank capital and liquidity by the Seoul G20 Summit and reiterated support for a s

13、uccessful conclusion to the Doha Round welcomed the fulfillment of their commitment to provide a US$350 billion increase in capital to multilateral development banks and associated institutional reforms.A Summit Declaration was released at the conclusion of the summit.2010 SeoulThe G20 Leaders Summi

14、t was held from 10-11 November 2010 in Seoul，Republic of Korea.G20 leaders agreed to develop guidelines for addressing large current account imbalances under the Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth, delivered on International Monetary Fund (IMF) quota and governance reform and init

15、iated the G20 development agenda and launched the Seoul Development Consensus for Shared Growth.A Leaders Declaration and a Seoul Summit Document were released at the conclusion of the summit.2011 CannesThe G20 Leaders Summit was held from 3-4 November 2011 in Cannes, France.Key outcomes of the summ

16、it are including the development of a country-specific Cannes Action Plan for Growth and Jobs, agreement to strengthen the World Trade Organization by considering additional and parallel international trade negotiations beyond the Doha Round mandate and the adoption of an action plan to support the

17、development and deepening of local bond markets.A Final Declaration was released at the conclusion of the summit.2012 Los CabosThe G20 Leaders Summit was held from 18-19 June 2012 in Los Cabos, Mexico.Key outcomes of the summit are including the establishment of country-specific measures each G20 me

18、mber would take to strengthen demand, growth, confidence and financial stability under the Los Cabos Growth and Jobs Action Plan, reaffirmation of G20 member pledges to increase International Monetary Fund (IMF) resources by US$456 billion and to implement the 2010 IMF quota and governance reforms a

19、nd progress on the G20 development agenda, particularly on food security, financial inclusion, sustainable development and inclusive green growthA G20 Leaders Declaration was released at the conclusion of the summit.2013 St PetersburgThe G20 Leaders Summit was held from 5-6 September 2013 in St Pete

20、rsburg, Russia.Key outcomes of the summit are including the St Petersburg Action Plan, which sets out reforms for achieving strong, sustainable and balanced growth, coupled with an Accountability Assessment describing progress made on past commitments, extending the G20s and a reaffirmed commitment

21、to implementation of agreed financial regulatory reforms and International Monetary Fund reform.A G20 Leaders Declaration was released at the conclusion of the summit.2014 BrisbaneThe G20 Leaders Summit was held on 15-16 November 2014 in Brisbane, Australia.The centrepiece was the delivery of country-specific growth strategies and a Brisbane Action Plan for growth. G20 leaders set an goal to lift the G20s GDP by at least additional two percent by 2018. Other outcomes from the Brisbane Leaders Summit include:Endorsement of landmark G20 Principles on Energy Collaboration. Leade