賓語從句公開課課件--最全面

1、Object clause（revision）The mid-term exam is coming soon. Are you nervous? They know the teacher. They know that the teacher is a man . 主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語主語主語謂語謂語賓語從句 賓語從句是主從復(fù)合句的一種。主從復(fù)合句是由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成的。 主句是復(fù)合句的主體，從句僅僅是主句的一個成分，它從屬于主句，不能獨立。從句在全句中充當(dāng)什么成分，就叫什么從句。賓語從句當(dāng)中的從句在全句中作賓語。一、教學(xué)任務(wù)一、教學(xué)任務(wù) 復(fù)習(xí)賓語從句復(fù)習(xí)賓語從句二、

2、重點和難點二、重點和難點 1 1、由不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句、由不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 2 2、直接引語和間接引語、直接引語和間接引語 3 3、賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化、賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化1.The girl says that the Mid-term exam is coming tomorrow.2. She asks if we are nervous.3.Many classmates ask her how she can study English well.4.The girl tells us to take it easy and work hard for it.Can

3、you recollect the 4 different types of object clause? 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞陳述句陳述句(主主+v/主主+adj.): 特殊疑問句特殊疑問句: 一般疑問句一般疑問句:祈使句祈使句: 先先_后后_(that) 特殊疑問詞如特殊疑問詞如what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many. if/whethertell/ask sb.(not) to do.主主謂謂語序語序時態(tài)時態(tài)賓賓語語從從句句三三要要素素主句為現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)主句為現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)_而定。而定。 主句為主句為過去時過去時，從句的時態(tài)用從句的時

4、態(tài)用_時態(tài)時態(tài)。實際情況實際情況相應(yīng)的過去相應(yīng)的過去 賓語從句的連接詞：賓語從句的連接詞：類別類別 關(guān)聯(lián)詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞 特點特點. . 從屬連從屬連詞詞that, whether/if只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)從只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)從句成分。句成分。. .連接代詞連接代詞 who, whom, what，which,whose起連接作用外，還在從句起連接作用外，還在從句中充當(dāng)主語或賓語或定語中充當(dāng)主語或賓語或定語. .連接副詞連接副詞 when, where, how，why起連接作用外，還在從句起連接作用外，還在從句中充當(dāng)狀語。中充當(dāng)狀語。主句時態(tài)主句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時、祈使句時

5、一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時、祈使句時 根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時態(tài)根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時態(tài) 一般過去時一般過去時 與原句相對應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài)與原句相對應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài) 客觀事實、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、客觀事實、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語等諺語等 一律用一般現(xiàn)在時一律用一般現(xiàn)在時 3.從句的從句的時態(tài)時態(tài)必須和主句保持一致。必須和主句保持一致。注意：Each student writes 1 sentence. Students 1: write a declarative sentence.（陳述句） e.g. We are going to have an exam.Students 2

6、: write a wh-question.（特殊疑問句） e.g. What are you talking about?Student3:. write a yes-or-no question.(一般疑問句）一般疑問句）e.g. Are you a singer?Student 4: write an imperative sentence.（祈使句祈使句）e.g. Stand up.25Write as you like!Add them to the beginning to your sentence and report to us!Students 1: I know that

7、. Students 2: Can you tell me wh-. e.g.Can you tell me what you are talking about.Student 3:I want to know if/whether. e.g.I want to know if you are a singer. Student 4: I ask sb. to .別忘了先別忘了先主后謂的主后謂的語序語序 The teacher asked I was late today. Do you still remember he said in the meeting? Do you know t

8、hey are waiting for? Can you tell me country you are from, America or England? I really want to know your hometown is. No one knows they opened the box.what, which, who, whom, when, why, where, how, whatever, whoeverwhywhatwhom/whowhichwherehow2.Who/whoever/no matter who Who引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句含有引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句含有疑問意義疑

9、問意義 Whoever不含有疑問意義不含有疑問意義=anyone who No matter who只能引導(dǎo)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句 Eg. Whoever broke the window should be punished. Whoever/no matter who broke the window, he should be punished. Who broke the window is still a question.1. 曾老師問他為什么遲到了。曾老師問他為什么遲到了。Miss Zeng asked why was he late for school.( 集英社）

10、集英社）2. 我不知道他昨天做了什么事情。我不知道他昨天做了什么事情。I dont know what did he do yesterday.（Warm Home)3.晏主任問她怎么了。晏主任問她怎么了。Director Yan asked what the matter was with her.(方方嘉燕小組）嘉燕小組）4. 何老師說過月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。何老師說過月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。Miss He said that the moon moved round the earth.(Modesty）5.她告訴兒子要努力學(xué)習(xí)。她告訴兒子要努力學(xué)習(xí)。 She tells her son he mus

11、t study hard.（多拉（多拉A夢）夢）6. 我有信心你們明天一定考得好。我有信心你們明天一定考得好。Im confident that you will do well in the exam tomorrow. (無名小組）無名小組）7. 他們不確定明天是否轉(zhuǎn)冷。他們不確定明天是否轉(zhuǎn)冷。They are uncertain that if it will turn cold or not tomorrow.(農(nóng)夫小組）農(nóng)夫小組）1. Miss Zeng asked why was he late for school.( 集英社） 語序必須語序必須先主語后謂語先主語后謂語。 主句為

12、過去時，從句的時態(tài)用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。2. I dont know what did he do yesterday.（Warm Home)he wasa.a.賓語從句的助動詞要去掉賓語從句的助動詞要去掉. . 主句為現(xiàn)在時，從句出現(xiàn)主句為現(xiàn)在時，從句出現(xiàn)yesterdayyesterday的過去時間，因的過去時間，因此從句用過去時。此從句用過去時。he did3. Director Yan asked what the matter was with her.(方嘉燕小組）4. Miss He said that the moon went round the earth.(Modesty）w

13、hat was the matter with hergoes 從句內(nèi)容為從句內(nèi)容為真理真理時，從句的時態(tài)時，從句的時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。用一般現(xiàn)在時。whwhatat在這里既做引導(dǎo)詞，也做主語。仍用疑在這里既做引導(dǎo)詞，也做主語。仍用疑問句語序。問句語序。whwho o., which is., which is同理。同理。5. She tells her son he should study hard.（多拉（多拉A夢）夢）tell sb. to do sth./tell sb. not to do sth.to6. Im confident that you will do well in

14、the exam tomorrow.(無名小組）無名小組）whetherb.只能用只能用whether:(1)與與 or not連用連用(2) 不定式不定式前：前：whether + to do(3) 介詞介詞 + whether 7. They are uncertain that if it will turn cold or not tomorrow.(農(nóng)夫小組）農(nóng)夫小組）主語主語+ +形容詞，賓語從句用形容詞，賓語從句用thatthat引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo). .a.a.賓語從句不能同時用兩個引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句不能同時用兩個引導(dǎo)詞。Attention I asked her _ she had a bi

15、ke. Were worried about _ he is safe. I dont know _ he has recovered or not. He cant decide to stay.if / whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether or if ? Let me know _ you can come or not. I wonder _ I can get some advice from you. I dont know _to accept or refuse.whetherwhether/ifwhether如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（包括一般過去

16、時，過去進(jìn)如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時），那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的行時），那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時，來時， 過去完成時）過去完成時）How about this? Our teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound in yesterdays class. 我小時候媽媽就告訴我太陽從東方升起。 上周老師教我們1加1等于2。一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài) showwill come3.Suggest 后

17、的賓語從句：后的賓語從句：I suggest (that) he (should) go to see the doctor tomorrow. (go)(4)He taught me how to surf.He taught me how _ _surf.(5)The foreigners want to know how they can learn Chinese well.The foreigners want to know _ _learn chinese well.I couldhow to(4)Could you tell me where I should show the

18、 tickets. Could you tell me _ _ _the tickets.(5)I wondered whether I could go. I wondered _ _go.where to showwhether to2).that在賓語從句中的省略與保留在賓語從句中的省略與保留a.在在主主+謂謂+it(形式賓語形式賓語)+賓補賓補+that 從句從句(真正真正賓語賓語) 的句型中的句型中不省略不省略. eg: We must make it clear that we mean what we say.b.由連詞由連詞and連接的兩個由連接的兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從引導(dǎo)

19、的賓語從句中句中,第二個第二個that 不省略不省略.eg: He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time.c.當(dāng)當(dāng)that作介詞作介詞except, in等賓語時等賓語時They believe in that she must still be single.I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing.3. 若主句謂語動詞為若主句謂語動詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess

20、, imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。定式。 Eg. I dont think this dress fits you well. 我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。 I dont think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你是錯的。 I dont believe you will finish the work today. 我認(rèn)為你今天無法完成工作。若謂語動詞為hope，賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移 I hope it doesnt rain. 我希望不

21、要下雨。 I hope you dont mind my saying it. 我希望你別介意我說這些話。 Its not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在這里，人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。(anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。) 按英語習(xí)慣，anyoneanyone只能出現(xiàn)在否定否定詞之后，不能出現(xiàn)在否定否定詞之前。Dont tell anyone, will you? 你可不要告訴任何人喲。I dont know anyone at this pa

22、rty. 這晚會上我一個人也不認(rèn)識。 I dont want to waste anyones time. 我不想浪費任何人的時間。有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉(zhuǎn)移到謂語動詞前。如： The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.螞蟻不只是為自己采食。(否定狀語) He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. 他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。(否定because狀語) risttl She had not been married many

23、weeks when that mans younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. 她結(jié)婚還不到幾個月，這個人的弟弟就看見她了，并對她的美貌著了迷。(否定狀語many weeks) 賓語從句的簡化的賓語從句的簡化的 六種方法六種方法 方法一：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope， decide，wish， choose， agree， promise等，且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。 Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. Li Ming hopes to be ba

24、ck very soon. We decided that we would help him. We decided to help him. 方法二：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是know， learn，remember， forget， tell等動詞，且主句主語與從句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 She has forgotten how she can open the window. She has forgotten how to open the window. 注：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是tell， ask， show， teach等動詞，且后帶雙賓語，從句主語和間接賓語一

25、致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ Could you tell me how to get to the station？ 方法三：當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是order（命令），require（需要）等時，如果主句和從句的主語不一致，賓語從句可簡化為“名詞（代詞）+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. The headmaster ordered us to start at once. 方法四：某些動詞后的賓

26、語從句，可以用介詞加動名詞（短語）等其他形式簡化。 He insisted that he shouldgo with us. He insisted on going with us. The poor boy doesnt knowwhen and where he was born. The poor boy doesnt know the Time and the place of his birth. 方法五：某些動詞后面的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“賓語+V-ing形式（作賓語補足語）”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on t

27、he ground. Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground. 方法六：動詞seem后的賓語從句，也可以用不定式（短語）來簡化，但句型需要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)淖兓?It seemed that the boys were going to win. The boys seemed to win. 除上述方法外，除上述方法外，還有一些特殊句式的轉(zhuǎn)化。還有一些特殊句式的轉(zhuǎn)化。 I found that it was difficult to learn English well. I found it difficult to learn English w

28、ell. Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.They found that the box was very heavy. They found the box very heavy. I dont remember that I haveEver seen such a man. I dont remember having ever seen such a man.我記得從未見過這樣一個人 注意一注意一: I

29、wish 后的賓語從句后的賓語從句:翻譯翻譯:1.我多希望我是一只小鳥。我多希望我是一只小鳥。2.我希望我昨天能去看那場電影。我希望我昨天能去看那場電影。3.我希望明年我就能大學(xué)畢業(yè)。我希望明年我就能大學(xué)畢業(yè)。(graduate)1. I wish (that) I were a little bird.2. I wish (that) I could have gone to see the movie yesterday.3. I wish (that) I could graduate from college next year.I wish.1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望表示與現(xiàn)在事實

30、相反的愿望,賓語從句中謂賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為語動詞形式為 were / did2.表示與過去事實相反的愿望表示與過去事實相反的愿望,賓語從句中謂賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為語動詞形式為 had done 或或 could/would have done3.表示與將來事實相反的愿望表示與將來事實相反的愿望,賓語從句中謂賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為語動詞形式為 should/ would/might do注意二注意二:在動詞在動詞insist(堅持堅持), order ,command (命令命令)advise, propose, suggest (建議建議),demand(要要求求), reques

31、t, require (請求請求)等后面的賓語從句等后面的賓語從句中謂語動詞要用中謂語動詞要用(should) do1.他堅持我們應(yīng)該在他堅持我們應(yīng)該在9:00之前完成作業(yè)。之前完成作業(yè)。2.經(jīng)理要求每人每天要按時上班。經(jīng)理要求每人每天要按時上班。3.老師建議我們每天早上聽英語。老師建議我們每天早上聽英語。Answers:1.He insisted that we (should) finish thehomework before 9:00.2.The manager demands that everyone(should) go to work on time every day.3.T

32、he teacher suggests that we (should)listen to English every morning.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, expect等時，從句的否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。等時，從句的否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。I dont think she is right.我認(rèn)為她不對。我認(rèn)為她不對。我相信他不會通過考試。我相信他不會通過考試。注意三：否定轉(zhuǎn)移注意三：否定轉(zhuǎn)移I dont believe he will pass the exam.四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移 在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語

33、動詞是think， believe, guess, suppose等時，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，賓語從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。 eg: (5)I dont think he will come with you. 注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時，要特別小心。 eg: (6) I dont believe he has finished the work, _? (7) He knew why Jim wasnt at school , _? 解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時，附加問句的主語由賓 語從句的主語充當(dāng)。 例7，如果主句的主語非第一人稱時，則附加問句

34、的主語 由主句的主語充當(dāng)。has hedidnt he 1. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 2. Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 即時練習(xí)即時練習(xí)1. - Can you make sure _? - Sorry

35、, I cant. But I saw her just now. A. where did she go B. where she had gone C. where she has gone D. where will she go 2. I wanted to know _. A. what did she say B. why does she go to bed late C. why she went to bed late D. why she goes to bed lateCC3. He is not sure _ to watch TV or go to bed. A. i

36、f B. whether C. that D. /4. I dont know _ he will come or not. A. if B. whether C. that D. /BB5. - I dont know if he _ to Kates birthday party. - Hes sure to go if he _. A. goes, knows B. will go, knows C. goes, will know D. go, know6.She asked the doctor _ keep healthy.A. how to B. how could sheC.

37、how she could D. how can sheB是否是否假如假如A.C賓語從句與特殊疑問詞賓語從句與特殊疑問詞+不定式不定式可互換?？苫Q。how to do it 與與 what to do 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別D 7. - Could you tell me _ ? - Its next to the post office. A. where the supermarket is B. where is the supermarket C. where was the supermarket D. where the supermarket wasAcould表示委婉的語氣表示委婉的語

38、氣,不是過去時不是過去時8. Could you tell me _ it.A. what can I do B. how can I do C. what to do D. how to do特殊用法特殊用法5 9. Mike_ bullying others _. A. thinks, isnt right B. think, isnt rightC. dont think, is right.D. doesnt think, is right若從句為否定句，主句謂語是若從句為否定句，主句謂語是 think ,believe , guess ,suppose 等詞時等詞時,要要否定前移否定

39、前移D高考鏈接（09海南） Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever（10四川）How much one enjoys himself traveling depends largely on _ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. A. what B. who C. how D. why(10全國) We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where(10湖南) Cindy shut the door