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1、DONG HUA UNIVERSITY Copyright DHU 2010工作流技術基礎管理學院 Copyright DHU 20102課程主要內(nèi)容課程主要內(nèi)容 Organizing Workflows Modeling Workflows Management of Workflows Analyzing Workflows Architectures of Workflow Systems Workflow System Development Method管理學院 Copyright DHU 20103Contents Why Workflow Technology? Ontology

2、 for Workflow Technology? More about Workflow Management?管理學院 Copyright DHU 20104Information System Computer Systems- Hardware- Software Computer Applications- Personal Computer/Software Systems- Organizational Computer/Software Systems Computer-based Information System1 Hardware4 People2 Software5

3、Procedures3 Data/information6 Communications管理學院 Copyright DHU 20105Organization A group of persons organized for a particular purpose, also referred as Enterprise A consciously(有意識地有意識地) coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achi

4、eve a common goal or set of goals E.g. School, Government, Hospital, Factory, Company, Committee, 管理學院 Copyright DHU 20106Business Process A set of one or more linked procedures or tasks which collectively realize a business objective or policy goal- normally within the context of an organizational

5、structure defining functional roles and relationships A business process is one focused upon the production of particular products- Physical products, such as aircraft, car, etc- Less tangible products, such as design, service, etc Please give some examples for BPs管理學院 Copyright DHU 20107Organizatio

6、n and Business Process管理學院 Copyright DHU 20108Organization and IS More and more people carry out their work with the IS More and more organizations construct the IS for their business operations What are the benefits from the IS?管理學院 Copyright DHU 20109Challenges to Organizations BPs are becoming mo

7、re important (BPR) BPs are subject to frequent changes BPs are becoming more complex BPs are increasing in number管理學院 Copyright DHU 201010Workflow Technology More and more information systems are process-aware Examine the management of business process from the perspective of computing, or to put it

8、 more broadly of information technology Business Process Automation- To manage the flow of work such that the work is done at the right time by the proper person- Take on the information logistics of the business processes管理學院 Copyright DHU 201011Separation of Control & Execution管理學院 Copyright D

9、HU 201012Workflow in Organizations Workflow TechnologyActivityActivityActivityActivityActivitySynch12BusinessProcess34511Decision1管理學院 Copyright DHU 201013Benefits of Workflow Technology Work does not get misplaced or stalled- Expediters are rarely required to recover from errors or mismanagement of

10、 the work The managers can focus on staff and business issues, such as individual performance, optimal procedures, and special cases, rather than the routine assignment of tasks- The many clerks is no longer required to deliver and track the work管理學院 Copyright DHU 201014Benefits of workflow Technolo

11、gy(c1) The procedures are formally documented and followed exactly, ensuring that the work is performed in the way planned by management, meeting all business and regulatory requirements The best person(or machine) is assigned to do each case, and the most important cases are assigned first- Users d

12、o not waste time to choosing which item to work on, perhaps procrastinating on important but difficult cases管理學院 Copyright DHU 201015Benefits of Workflow Technology(c2) Parallel processing, where two or more tasks are performed concurrently, is far more practical than in traditional manual workflow管

13、理學院 Copyright DHU 201016Contents Why Workflow Technology? Ontology for Workflow Technology? More about Workflow Management?管理學院 Copyright DHU 201017Work and Task Work- Many people work to live- Few people live to work Task- An “atomic” process that is not further subdivided into component processes-

14、 A logical unit of work, a task is either carried out in full or not at all管理學院 Copyright DHU 201018Case and Process Case(案例)- A case is what a process is designed to deal with Process (過程) - The definition of a process indicates which tasks must be performed, and in which order, to successfully com

15、plete a case- A process consists of tasks, conditions, and subprocesses管理學院 Copyright DHU 201019Process Definitions and InstancesProcess Definitions -The representation of a business process in a form which supports automated manipulation, such as modeling, or enactment by a workflow management syst

16、emProcess Instances-The representation of a single enactment of a process管理學院 Copyright DHU 201020Work Item and Activity Work Item(工作項)- A work item is the combination of a case and a task which is about to be carried out Activity(活動)- Is the carrying out an assigned task- In contract to a task, an

17、activity is related to a specific case管理學院 Copyright DHU 201021Resource, Trigger and Workflow Resource(資源)- A resource is a means of production or a group of such means Trigger(觸發(fā))- The work item is only performed once a resource has taken an initiative Workflow(工作流)- A workflow comprises cases, res

18、ources, and triggers that relate to a particular process管理學院 Copyright DHU 201022Contents Why Workflow Technology? Ontology for Workflow Technology? More about Workflow Management?管理學院 Copyright DHU 201023Workflow Management System A workflow management system (WFMS) is a software package that can b

19、e used to support the definition, management and execution of workflow processes- The WFMS ensure that the right information reaches the right person at the right time, or is submitted to the right computer application at the right moment管理學院 Copyright DHU 201024WfMC Reference model管理學院 Copyright DH

20、U 201025Workflow System A workflow system (WFS) is a system based on a WFMS that supports a specific set of business processes through the execution of computerized process definitions- Workflow-based information system管理學院 Copyright DHU 201026WFMS vs WFS Compare with Database SystemsDataWorkflow Pr

21、ocessDBMSWFMSDatabase systemWorkflow system管理學院 Copyright DHU 201027Workflow systems Users Workflow designer- Create process definitions The administrator- Operational management The process analyst- Performance evaluation The employee- The execution of work is carried out by employees管理學院 Copyright

22、 DHU 201028Users in Workflow system管理學院 Copyright DHU 201029We should Change the Opinion The old opinion, “first organize, then computerize” Our opinion, design business process in a more abstract way first, then design the information systems and the organization- Determine whether each task should

23、 be performed by a information system or a person管理學院 Copyright DHU 201030BPR and CPI BPR, Business Process Re-engineering- a method for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of business process CPI, Continuous Process Improvement - not radical changes as BPR, but usually minor improvements to

24、the process 管理學院 Copyright DHU 201031Related Technologies e-maildocument mgmt.workgroup/collaborativeimagingInternetORBdatabaseTP-monitoring管理學院 Copyright DHU 201032Related Technologies(1) Quantitative andFormal Methods/ModelingSoftware Engineering,HCI, etc.CSCWDatabase Management/Information SystemsDistributedComp