【公開課課件】Unit4Discoverusefulstructures課件-2021-2022學年高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊

1、Adversity and CourageUnit 4page41GrammarThe present perfect continuous tense To learn the present perfect continuous tense To practice the present perfect continuous tense by completing some exercises 感知以下課文原句，補全方框下的小題感知以下課文原句，補全方框下的小題(1).this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.(2)We are

2、now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive.(3)We have been struggling for days，but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.以上句子都用了現(xiàn)在完成進行時，其構成為：以上句子都用了現(xiàn)在完成進行時，其構成為： ，表示從過去某時起一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。表示從過去某時起一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。have/hasbeen現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞一、現(xiàn)在完成進行時一、現(xiàn)在完成進行時1.構成：構成：have/hasbeen現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞

3、2.用法用法(1)現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作從過去某一時刻開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或離現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作從過去某一時刻開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或離現(xiàn)在不遠的時間，其動作是否繼續(xù)下去，則由上下文而定。這個時態(tài)多用于延不遠的時間，其動作是否繼續(xù)下去，則由上下文而定。這個時態(tài)多用于延續(xù)性動詞，如續(xù)性動詞，如live，learn，lie，stay，sit，wait，stand，rest，study等，等，并常和并常和all this week，this month，all night，all the morning，recently等時等時間狀語以及間狀語以及since和和for引導的時間狀語連用引導的時間狀

4、語連用(與與since和和for連用時，動作常會連用時，動作常會繼續(xù)下去繼續(xù)下去)。I have been waiting for an hour and he still hasnt turned up.我已經等了一個小時了，可他還沒來。我已經等了一個小時了，可他還沒來。Ive been writing letters all this morning.整個上午我一直在寫信。整個上午我一直在寫信。How long have you been living here?你在這里住了多久了？你在這里住了多久了？(2)有時現(xiàn)在完成進行時所表示的動作并不是一直在不停地進行，而是有時現(xiàn)在完成進行時所表示

5、的動作并不是一直在不停地進行，而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復。這時現(xiàn)在完成進行時可用于瞬間動詞。在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復。這時現(xiàn)在完成進行時可用于瞬間動詞。Hes been shaving since last year.他從去年開始就一直刮臉。他從去年開始就一直刮臉。You have been saying for a year that you will study abroad.整整一年你都在說要出國學習。整整一年你都在說要出國學習。3.現(xiàn)在完成進行時中時間狀語的省略現(xiàn)在完成進行時中時間狀語的省略現(xiàn)在完成進行時在上下文清楚時亦可不用時間狀語。現(xiàn)在完成進行時在上下文清楚時亦可不用時間狀語。這種現(xiàn)在完成進行時

6、多指這種現(xiàn)在完成進行時多指“剛才剛才”或或“近來近來”發(fā)生的動作，一般不再發(fā)生的動作，一般不再繼續(xù)，并往往含有一種直接的結果。繼續(xù)，并往往含有一種直接的結果。Youve been working too hard.你工作太辛苦了。你工作太辛苦了。(直接結果可能是你一定很累了直接結果可能是你一定很累了)Youve been smoking again.你又抽煙了。你又抽煙了。(暗含結果是你身上有煙味暗含結果是你身上有煙味)4.現(xiàn)在完成進行時的感情色彩現(xiàn)在完成進行時的感情色彩現(xiàn)在完成進行時和其他進行時態(tài)一樣，也可以帶有感情色彩?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時和其他進行時態(tài)一樣，也可以帶有感情色彩。I have b

7、een wanting to meet you for a long time.和你見面是我盼望已久的事。和你見面是我盼望已久的事。Too much has been happening today.今天發(fā)生太多事了。今天發(fā)生太多事了。二、現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時二、現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時現(xiàn)在完成進行時是兼有現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在進行時二者基本特點的時態(tài)。由于現(xiàn)在完成進行時是兼有現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在進行時二者基本特點的時態(tài)。由于它有現(xiàn)在完成時的特點，所以它可以表示某一動作對現(xiàn)在產生的結果或影響；它有現(xiàn)在完成時的特點，所以它可以表示某一動作對現(xiàn)在產生的結果或影響；由于它有現(xiàn)在進行時的特點，所以它也可

8、以表示某一動作的延續(xù)性、臨時性、由于它有現(xiàn)在進行時的特點，所以它也可以表示某一動作的延續(xù)性、臨時性、重復性、生動性乃至感情色彩。重復性、生動性乃至感情色彩?，F(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時的比較：現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時的比較：1.現(xiàn)在完成進行時可以表示動作的重復，而現(xiàn)在完成時一般不表示重復性?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時可以表示動作的重復，而現(xiàn)在完成時一般不表示重復性。Have you been meeting him recently?你最近常和他見面嗎？你最近常和他見面嗎？Have you met him recently?你最近見過他嗎？你最近見過他嗎？2.現(xiàn)在完成進行時有時含有感情色彩，而現(xiàn)在完成時一

9、般是平鋪直敘?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時有時含有感情色彩，而現(xiàn)在完成時一般是平鋪直敘。I have been waiting for you for two hours.我一直等了你兩個小時。我一直等了你兩個小時。(可能表示不滿可能表示不滿)I have waited for you for two hours.我等了你兩個小時。我等了你兩個小時。(說明一個事實說明一個事實)3.現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調動作，而現(xiàn)在完成時強調結果?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時強調動作，而現(xiàn)在完成時強調結果。Who has been eating the oranges?誰一直在吃橘子呀？誰一直在吃橘子呀？(還剩余一些還剩余一些)Who has

10、 eaten the oranges?誰把橘子吃了？誰把橘子吃了？(強調吃得一個不剩強調吃得一個不剩)4.有些動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時。如：表示狀有些動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時。如：表示狀態(tài)的動詞：態(tài)的動詞：be，have，exist等；表示感情的動詞：等；表示感情的動詞：like，love等；表示感等；表示感覺的動詞：覺的動詞：see，hear，know等。等。I have liked jazz since I was a teenager.從青少年起我就喜歡爵士樂了。從青少年起我就喜歡爵士樂了。I have known her for a long

11、 time.我認識她已經很長時間了。我認識她已經很長時間了。5.與一段時間連用時可以用現(xiàn)在完成時也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進行時；但與次與一段時間連用時可以用現(xiàn)在完成時也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進行時；但與次數(shù)連用時只能用現(xiàn)在完成時，不能用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。數(shù)連用時只能用現(xiàn)在完成時，不能用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。It hasnt rained for six weeks.已經六個星期沒下雨了。已經六個星期沒下雨了。It has been raining since yesterday and it is still raining.從昨天起，雨就沒停過，而且現(xiàn)在還在下。從昨天起，雨就沒停過，而且現(xiàn)在還在下。He has r

12、ung me up five times since 12 oclock.從十二點后，他已經給我打了五次電話。從十二點后，他已經給我打了五次電話。He has been ringing me up all the morning.他整個上午一直在給我打電話。他整個上午一直在給我打電話。6.這兩種時態(tài)都可以表示動作的延續(xù)，區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成進行時更強調這兩種時態(tài)都可以表示動作的延續(xù)，區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成進行時更強調動作的延續(xù)性，可以說是現(xiàn)在完成時的強調形式。動作的延續(xù)性，可以說是現(xiàn)在完成時的強調形式。We have been living here for ten years.We have li

13、ved here for ten years.我們在這里住了十年了。我們在這里住了十年了。7.在沒有時間狀語的情況下，現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作仍在進行，而現(xiàn)在在沒有時間狀語的情況下，現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作仍在進行，而現(xiàn)在完成時則表示動作到現(xiàn)在已經結束。完成時則表示動作到現(xiàn)在已經結束。The students have been preparing for the exam.學生們一直在為考試做準備。學生們一直在為考試做準備。(還在進行還在進行)The students have prepared for the exam.學生們?yōu)榭荚囎隽藴蕚?。學生們?yōu)榭荚囎隽藴蕚洹?已經結束已經結束)返 回Re

14、ad each situation and write a sentence that best describes it. 1. The dog started to bark about two hours ago. I really hope it will stop soon.The dog has been barking for about two hours. I really hope it will stop soon.v. 吠叫吠叫page412. Steve started to play rugby at the age of eight.Now he has beco

15、me a professional player.n. 橄欖球運動橄欖球運動Steve has been playing rugby since eight. Now he has become a professional player.adj. 潮濕的潮濕的3. Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He looks a little tired after playing table tennis for two hours._Timmy is holding a table

16、tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He has been playing table tennis for two hours, so he looks a little tired.n. 球拍球拍4. Diane hasnt got much sleep this week. She looks terrible today._5. I tried to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. _Dian

17、e hasnt been sleeping enough this week. She looks terrible today.I have been trying to phone you all this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. Complete the sentences below using the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. Then explain your reasons to your partner.1. Fo

18、r the whole morning, the board of the directors _ (discuss) the resolution to increase wages in the coming year. 2. Jasons only recreation is painting. He _ (learn) how to paint for over five years.has been discussingn. 娛樂；消遣娛樂；消遣has been learningn. 侄子；外甥侄子；外甥3. Even though we lost the game, we shou

19、ld be proud of ourselves because we _ (try) our best and _ (work) as a team.4. He finally _ (finish) the research paper under his tutors guidance.5. My nephew Sam _ (collect) comic books since he was five. Now he has more than two hundred of them.had triedfinishedworkedhas been collectingn. 指導指導n. 廣

20、告活動廣告活動6. The company _ _ (launch) an advertising campaign to promote its corporate image. adj. 公司的公司的launched / will launch / is launching / has launched1. 北京卷北京卷 -Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?-The new Star Wars. We _ here for more than two hours. A. waited B. wait C. would be waiting

21、 D. have been waiting D2. 江蘇卷江蘇卷 Dashan, who _ crosstalk（相聲）（相聲）, the Chinese comedic（喜劇的（喜劇的) tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. A. will be learning B. is learning C. had been learning D. has been learningD大山已經學了幾十年相聲，他想把它和西方傳大山已經學了幾十年相聲，他想把它和西方傳統(tǒng)的單口喜劇結合

22、起來。統(tǒng)的單口喜劇結合起來。3. 福建卷福建卷 -Where is Peter? I cant find him anywhere. -He went to the library after breakfast and _ (write) his essay(論文）論文） there ever since. 4. 江西卷江西卷 -Tony, why are your eyes red? -I _ (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.has been writinghave been cutting5. 北京北京卷卷 Chinas high-s

23、peed railways _ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.6. 湖南卷湖南卷 Since the time humankind started gardening, we _ (try) to make our environment more beautiful. have grownhave been trying達 標 檢 測當堂檢測 基礎達標演練.單句語法填空單句語法填空1.She (recite) the words all the evening.2.I (tell) her many

24、times，but she still makes the same mistake.3.He (wait) for you for a whole day.4.She is the most beautiful girl I (see).5.It is the first time that she (read) such an interesting book.6.You (sit) at the computer all day. You must be tired.7.The two friends (chat) on the Internet for three hours.8.The manager (tell) the workers how to improve