高一英語必修一UnitearthquakereadingAnighttheearthdidntsleep知識點

1、高一英語必修一高一英語必修一UnitearthquakereadingAnighttheearthdidntsleep知識知識點點For three days the water in the village well rose and fell, rose and fell.riseroserisenvi.指自然指自然“上升上升”， 常用常用于日，月，云，霞，煙，水于日，月，云，霞，煙，水蒸氣，物價，溫度，河水及蒸氣，物價，溫度，河水及人的職位等。人的職位等。raiseraisedraisedVt.指由于外部的力量而指由于外部的力量而“舉舉起，提高起，提高”還可指還可指“飼養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)，種植，養(yǎng)

2、育，撫育種植，養(yǎng)育，撫育”。3,養(yǎng)育孩子的成本在繼續(xù)增長養(yǎng)育孩子的成本在繼續(xù)增長1,她的體溫還在上升。她的體溫還在上升。2,那些反對的人舉起手那些反對的人舉起手.Her temperature is still rising.back People who are opposed raise their handsThe cost of raising kids is continuing to rise,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat 相當于相當于,the chickens and even the pigs we

3、re so nervous that they didnt eatcome out of 從從出來，由出來，由產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)生 我們看見他從房間出來我們看見他從房間出來We saw him come out of the roomrun out of 跑出來跑出來jump out of 跳出來跳出來Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide 伴隨狀語伴隨狀語使用分詞的形式使用分詞的形式The dog entered the room, following his master (這條狗跟著主人進了屋這條狗跟著主人進了屋)。The mast

4、er entered the room, followed by his dog (主人進了屋，后面跟著他的狗主人進了屋，后面跟著他的狗)。定義定義:伴隨狀語是指狀語從句的動作伴隨主伴隨狀語是指狀語從句的動作伴隨主句發(fā)生，是伴隨著句子謂語動詞的動作而句發(fā)生，是伴隨著句子謂語動詞的動作而發(fā)生或存在的。發(fā)生或存在的。 The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. 這是一個復合句。主句是這是一個復合句。主句是 _ _ _，outside the

5、city of Tangshan在主句中作地點狀語，在主句中作地點狀語，_引導時間狀語從句。引導時間狀語從句。 The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshanwhen【翻譯翻譯】 即使天空沒有飛機，在唐山市即使天空沒有飛機，在唐山市城外也可以聽到飛機聲。城外也可以聽到飛機聲?！痉聦懛聦憽?即使事情老是不如意，我的同即使事情老是不如意，我的同桌也從未放棄。桌也從未放棄。_My desk-mate never gives up even when things keep going badly. the water p

6、ipes in some buildings cracked and _.burst 【寓詞于境寓詞于境】 閱讀下列句子，并試著閱讀下列句子，并試著總結總結burst在句中的詞性、含義及用在句中的詞性、含義及用法。法。The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water.水管爆裂房子在兩英尺的水下水管爆裂房子在兩英尺的水下burstburstburst不及物動詞，爆裂，不及物動詞，爆裂，爆發(fā)爆發(fā)burst into sth=burst out doing 突然突然起起來來所有學生都笑起來所有學生都笑起來/哭起來哭起來/唱起來

7、。唱起來。.All of the students burst into laughter/tears/songs.=All of the students burst out laughing/crying/singing練習：聽到這個壞消息，他突然練習：聽到這個壞消息，他突然哭起來哭起來Hearing the sad news ,he burst into tears burst into a door/room 闖入，忽闖入，忽然進入然進入他沒敲門突然進入房間。他沒敲門突然進入房間。He burst into the room without knocking at the door.

8、There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房間突然爆隔壁房間突然爆發(fā)出一陣笑聲發(fā)出一陣笑聲 a burst of 一陣一陣a burst of machine-gun fire一陣炮火一陣炮火1、burst作作 _ 詞，意思是詞，意思是 _；常用于短語常用于短語burst into + n.=burst out doing突然突然 burst into + a room, building, etc. 闖入，闖入，突然破門而入突然破門而入2、burst作作 _ 詞，意思是詞，意思是 _還還可指可指“爆裂；破裂之處，裂口爆裂；破裂之處，裂

9、口”。動動爆裂爆裂名名突然一陣突然一陣 用用burst或其短語的適當形式填空?；蚱涠陶Z的適當形式填空。 1. The plane crashed and _ flames.2. The dam _ because of the heavy rain.4. Everyone was quiet when John suddenly _ laughing.burst outburst intoburst（墜落）（墜落） But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as

10、 usual that night. 這是一個復合句。句子的主干是這是一個復合句。句子的主干是_。_引導非限制引導非限制性定語從句，修飾性定語從句，修飾people。But the one million people were asleep as usual that nightwho（）Think of 考慮；關心；想起；記起考慮；關心；想起；記起Think little of 不重視，忽略不重視，忽略Think nothing of 認為沒什么認為沒什么Think badly/poorly/ill of 輕視；不放在輕視；不放在眼里眼里think well/highly/much/a l

11、ot/a great deal of 看重；對看重；對評價很高評價很高 It seemed as if the world was at an end! 這是一個復合句。主句是這是一個復合句。主句是 _，as if 引導表語從句引導表語從句【翻譯翻譯】 世界似乎到了末日世界似乎到了末日!It seemed as if 在在表語從句中表語從句中相當于相當于that= It seemed that the world was at an end!As if 從句的語氣及時態(tài)從句的語氣及時態(tài)1，as if從句用陳述語氣的情況：從句用陳述語氣的情況：當說話者認為句子所述的是真實的或當說話者認為句子所述

12、的是真實的或者極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事時者極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事時He talks as if he is drunk 從他的說話的樣子來看他是醉了從他的說話的樣子來看他是醉了2，as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況：從句用虛擬語氣的情況：當說話人認為句子所陳述的是不真實當說話人認為句子所陳述的是不真實或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過那兒他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過那兒似的。似的。He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.你看上去好像并不在乎。你看上去好像并不在乎。You look as if

13、 you didnt care.他張開嘴好像要說什么。他張開嘴好像要說什么。He opened his mouth as if he would say something.從句謂語從句謂語與過去事實相反與過去事實相反had done 過去完成時過去完成時與現(xiàn)在事實相反與現(xiàn)在事實相反were/did 過去式過去式與將來事實相反與將來事實相反would/could/might +動詞原形動詞原形as if as if 用虛擬語氣的情況用虛擬語氣的情況At an end 意為意為“結束終結束終止止”在句中多用作表語。在句中多用作表語。1、戰(zhàn)爭結束了。、戰(zhàn)爭結束了。The war was at an

14、 end.2、他繼續(xù)大把的用錢直到用完、他繼續(xù)大把的用錢直到用完為止。為止。He went on spending freely until his money was at an end.at the end of 既可作時間狀語也可作地既可作時間狀語也可作地點狀語，意為點狀語，意為“在在的盡頭（末、末的盡頭（末、末梢）。梢）。by the end of 用作時間狀語，意為用作時間狀語，意為“到到末為止；不遲于末為止；不遲于”強調(diào)最后權強調(diào)最后權限，限，用于過去（將來）完成時態(tài)用于過去（將來）完成時態(tài); in the end 意思意思“最后、終于最后、終于”。 at the end of b

15、y the end of in the end1) There is a clothes shop _ the street2) They gave up the plane_.3) How many English words had you learned _ last term?at the end ofin the endby the end ofIn fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in _.ruinslielaylainlying:處于，位于，躺處于，位于，躺lieliedliedlying:撒謊撒謊laylaidlaidlayi

16、ng:放置，下蛋。放置，下蛋。ruindestroydamage damage 指部分指部分“損壞損壞”、“損害損害”、“破壞破壞”或指使用價值有所降低。它可或指使用價值有所降低。它可以用作動詞以用作動詞, 也可以用作名詞也可以用作名詞, 用作名詞用作名詞時常與時常與to something連用。連用。The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy 只能用作動詞只能用作動詞, 指徹底破壞指徹底破壞, 以致不可能修復以致不可能修復, 常作常作“破壞破壞”、“毀滅毀滅”解解, 也可以指希望、計劃等打破。也可以指希望、計劃等打破。The ea

17、rthquake destroyed almost the whole town. ruin指對物體或生命徹底的破壞，但指對物體或生命徹底的破壞，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打擊結果，常指對美好的或希望中的事物擊結果，常指對美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。的破壞。The fire ruined the house. The company is facing ruin. (破產(chǎn)）破產(chǎn)）The house has fallen into ruin.Smoking ruined his health.吸煙毀了他的健康。吸煙毀了他的健康。She ruined hi

18、s prospects.她毀了他的前途。她毀了他的前途。Ruin 毀壞毀壞 3，Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _. destroyed4，He tried to use it to _ our international reputation damage1，An earthquake left the whole town _.2，His career is _.in ruinsin ruinsTwo-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.More tha

19、n 61% of the surface of the earth _ covered by water.Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young.以百分數(shù)作為主語的，謂語動詞是單數(shù)以百分數(shù)作為主語的，謂語動詞是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)取決于百分數(shù)后面跟的名詞是還是復數(shù)取決于百分數(shù)后面跟的名詞是可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)的?？蓴?shù)還是不可數(shù)的。isare請根據(jù)提示完成下列句子。請根據(jù)提示完成下列句子。1. _ (三分之一三分之一) of the students in our class _ (be) girls.2. _ (五分之三五分之三) of

20、the soil _ (wash) away by the flood last night.3. _ (一半一半) of the desks in this school _ (make) in his company.4. _ (大部分的大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday _ (be) interesting.One-thirdareThree-fifthswas washedHalfare madeMostwas5. _ (數(shù)萬數(shù)萬) people _ (dance) in the big square now.6. There were _ (

21、一萬一萬) students taking part in the exam yesterday.7. _ (百分之九十百分之九十) of the mountain _ (cover) by trees.is coveredTens of thousands ofare dancingten thousand90% / 90 percentinjurehurtwound injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physically三者都可表示受三者都可表示受傷，傷害。傷，傷害。injure 一般是指一般是指在事故中受傷，在事故中受傷，往往意為往往意為“外外傷傷”

22、。 wound 一般指外傷，一般指外傷，如刀傷、槍傷等，尤如刀傷、槍傷等，尤其指在戰(zhàn)爭中，打斗其指在戰(zhàn)爭中，打斗中受傷。中受傷。hurt 可指對身體上的可指對身體上的傷害，也指對心靈造傷害，也指對心靈造成的傷害。成的傷害。Their criticisms _ him deeply.He was slightly _ in the car accident.He got _ in the fighting.What you said _ my feeling.He _his left arm in the accidenthave hurtinjuredwoundedhurtinjuredInj

23、ure 及物動詞及物動詞 injure sth 損害某物損害某物a( great/large/small )number of很多很多/一些一些 number之前可加之前可加large，small，great等表示程度。等表示程度。只修飾可數(shù)名詞只修飾可數(shù)名詞A great number of people were in injuredthe number of 表示表示“的數(shù)量的數(shù)量”The number of people was small（Everywhere they looked） nearly everything was destroyedEverywhere 在句中引導讓步

24、狀語從句在句中引導讓步狀語從句意思是，無論哪里，不論在什么地方意思是，無論哪里，不論在什么地方 1，無論喬丹走到哪里都受到熱烈地歡迎，無論喬丹走到哪里都受到熱烈地歡迎 Jordan is warmly welcomed everywhere he goes 2，父母要我去哪里我就去哪里，父母要我去哪里我就去哪里 主句主句I will go everywhere my parents want me to go _ ( )8. shockI was shocked by the way he treated his own mother.We were all shocked at the ne

25、ws of his deathshock v. （使）震驚，使驚愕（使）震驚，使驚愕be shocked at/by sth 對對感到震驚感到震驚Whoever touches that wire（電線）（電線） can get badly shocked. It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill.shock v. 使受電擊使受電擊shock n. 震驚震驚An electric shock can kill you.shock n. 電擊電擊shock v. 1,（使）震驚，使驚愕（使）震驚，使驚愕be shocked

26、at/by sth 對對感到震驚感到震驚 2,使受電擊使受電擊shock n. 震驚震驚 n. 電擊電擊有類似用法的詞有很多，如：有類似用法的詞有很多，如：interest, frighten, excite, satisfy等。等。shock有兩種分詞轉化成的形容有兩種分詞轉化成的形容詞形式：詞形式：shocking令人震驚的令人震驚的（用來修飾物）；（用來修飾物）；shocked震驚震驚的（用來修飾人）。的（用來修飾人）。 trap 閱讀下列句子，注意閱讀下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。的意思及用法。1) The elevator broke down and we were trap

27、ped inside (it). 動詞，陷入困境動詞，陷入困境2) Their kindness was designed to trap me into giving them information.trap sb into doing sth 使中計使中計3) If were lucky, the thief will fall right into our trap.名詞，陷阱名詞，陷阱歸納歸納 trap可以作可以作 _，翻譯為，翻譯為 _trap sb. into (doing) sth.，也可以作名詞，意為：也可以作名詞，意為： _； _動詞動詞使陷入困境使陷入困境困境困境陷阱陷阱

28、 使中計；使中計；使陷入圈套使陷入圈套” 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的提示完成句子。根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的提示完成句子。1. I knew perfectly well _ (這是一個陷阱這是一個陷阱).2. By clever questioning, they _ (誘使他誘使他) making an agreement.it was a trap trapped him intoAll hope was not lost.不是所以的希望都破滅了。不是所以的希望都破滅了。當當not與與 all, both, everyone , everybody ,everything以及以及every+名詞出現(xiàn)在同一個句子名詞

29、出現(xiàn)在同一個句子中時，不管中時，不管not在它們之前還在它們之前還是之后都表示是之后都表示部分否定部分否定。=Not all hope was lost=Not every man is honest.并不是每個人都誠實并不是每個人都誠實 Every man is not honest.Both of the two boys are not good at English=Not both of the two boys are good at English=One of the two boys is not good at English并非兩個男孩都擅長英語并非兩個男孩都擅長英語當表

30、示當表示完全否定完全否定意義時，英語中意義時，英語中常用常用no, none, nobody, nothing, no one, neither 等詞與謂語的肯等詞與謂語的肯定式連用來表達。定式連用來表達。沒有人會同意你。沒有人會同意你。 Nobody agrees with you.兩本書都沒有趣味，都沒有兩本書都沒有趣味，都沒有教育意義。教育意義。 Neither book is interesting and instructive.全肯定全肯定部分否定部分否定全否定全否定 all allnot notall none no+名詞 both both.not not.both neith

31、er everythingnot.everythingeverythingnot nothing everybody not.everybodyeverybodynot nobody部分否定：部分否定：All the students could not understand it =Not all the students could understand it完全肯定：完全肯定：All the students could understand it 完全否定：完全否定：No students could understand it含有含有seldom, hardly, little, few的的句子也是部分否定句子也是部分否定We were seldom at home. （很少難得）（很少難得）我們常不在家。我們常不在家。I hardly know you. （幾乎不）（幾乎不）我不太認識你。我不太認識你。I had little money （少到幾乎沒有）（少到幾乎沒有）我沒什么錢我沒什么錢She had few friends （極少的，幾乎沒有（極少的，幾乎沒有