【高中英語教材知識梳理】必修五Unit4

1、Unit 4 Making the newsPart 1輸人必備知識詞句通關(guān)Nol狂背單詞I 單詞語境記憶1. to submit questions in advanee 提前提交問題2. be eager for kno wledge渴求知識3. an amateur photographer 一位攝影業(yè)余愛好者4. to update the work schedule 更新工作日程5. a hopelesscase 山窮水盡的情況6. accusehim of breaking promises 指責(zé)他違背諾言7. a skeptical attitude懷疑的態(tài)度8. be in a

2、 dilemma陷入窘境9. technicalproblems技術(shù)上的問題10. be senior to sb比某人年長11. polish up the article潤色這篇文章n .詞性轉(zhuǎn)換與派生記憶1. process vt.加工；處理n.過程；程序；步驟2. concentratevi.& vt.集中； 聚集 concentration n. 專心； 集中3. photograph n. 照片 vt.給照相 photographer n. 攝影師photographyn.攝影4. delighted adj.快樂的；欣喜的delight n.快樂；高興；喜悅 vt使高興；

3、使欣喜5. admirable adj.值得贊揚(yáng)的；令人欽佩的admire vt.欽佩；羨慕 admirationn.欣賞，喜歡6. unusual adj.不同尋常的；獨(dú)特的usual adj.尋常的7. accurate adj.精確的；正確的accurately adv.精確地；準(zhǔn)確地accuracyn精確度；準(zhǔn)確性8. approvevt.贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)approval n 贊成;同意；批準(zhǔn)；通過disapprovaln不贊成；反對9. appointment n.約會； 任命 appoint vt.約定； 任命10. assess/t.評估； 評定 assessment n. 評定

4、； 估定11. assistvt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助assistanee n.幫助；協(xié)助assistant n.助手； 助理；售貨員12. profession n.職業(yè)；專業(yè) professional adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的 n.專業(yè)人員13. guilty adj.犯罪的；有罪的；內(nèi)疚的guilt n.內(nèi)疚；犯罪；有罪14. acquire vt.獲得；取得；學(xué)至U acquirement n.取得，習(xí)得15. gift n.天賦；禮物gifted adj.有天賦的16. inform vt.告知； 通知information n. 信息川.單詞趣味串記1 . The chief chef

5、i s busy cooking for the chief from an African country. 主廚忙于為 來自于一個非洲國家的首領(lǐng)烹飪。2. He made a thorough survey about his new book throughout the whole mon th. 整個月他都在為他的新書做徹底的調(diào)查。3To meet thedemands， he demandedthat the living conditions should be improved quickly.為滿足需求，他要求快速改善生活條件。聯(lián)想記憶1 新聞媒體相關(guān)詞匯一覽 journal

6、ist n.記者；新聞工作者 reporter n.記者 editor n.編輯 chief editor n.主編 photographer n.攝影師 daily n.日報 weekly n.周報 mass media 大眾傳播媒介2. 后綴一able形容詞集錦 admirable 令人欽佩的 comfortable 舒適的 unbelievable 難以置信的 honorable 榮譽(yù)的；光榮的 reasonable 合情合理的 respectable 可敬的 valuable 值錢的；貴重的 suitable 合適的3. “贊成”與“反對 ”高頻詞匯薈萃(1)贊成；支持 approve

7、 vt. 批準(zhǔn)；贊成 favour vt.& n. 贊成 support vt. 支持；贊成(2)反對 oppose vt. 反對 object vi. 反對 againstprep. 反對4. “ ed” 結(jié)尾的形容詞 gifted adj. 有天賦的 talented adj. 有天賦的 coloured adj. 加顏色的 limited adj. 有限的 curved adj. 彎曲的 cannedadj. 罐裝的5. 雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音+ ed及+ ing的動詞 submit vt.遞交；呈遞(文件等) quit vt.離開，放棄 prefer vt. 更喜歡 occur vi.

8、發(fā)生；出現(xiàn) refer v.提到；關(guān)系到；請教N(yùn)o.2 狂背短W/短語背誦1. concentrate on 集中； 全神貫注于2. so as to （do sth）為了（做）3. accuse.of 因指責(zé)或控告4. ahead of 在前面5. keep in mi nd 記住6. depend on 依靠；依賴7 .inform sb of sth 通知某人某事8. pass.on to 把傳給9. have a nose for.對很敏感；善于發(fā)現(xiàn)10. look forward to 盼望詞塊積累1. good com muni cati on skills 良好的溝通技能2. a

9、n experieneed journalist 一名有經(jīng)驗的記者3. cover a story 進(jìn)行新聞采訪4. take an amateur course 參加業(yè)余課程5. tell the whole truth 說出全部真相6. miss the deadline延誤任務(wù)規(guī)定的期限7. a trick of the trade 行業(yè)訣竅8. set to work 著手工作9. mon ths of trai ning 幾個月的培訓(xùn)10. wasted words or phrases 廢話11. the main headline and smaller heading主標(biāo)題和副

10、標(biāo)題12. polish the style 對（語言）風(fēng)格進(jìn)行潤色No.3狂背句式1. Never will Zhou Yang （ZY） forget his first assignment at the office of a popular En glish n ewspaper.周陽永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記他在一家暢銷英文報社的第一項工作任務(wù)。2. His discussion with his new boss Hu Xin （HX），was to strongly influencdnis life as a jour nalist.他同新上司胡欣的討論對他的記者生涯必將產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的影響。3

11、. Have you ever had a case wheresomeone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?你們有沒有過這樣的情況：別人控告你的記者，說他（她）們的報道完全失實？狂睛落實I .單詞拼寫1. The man was cleve, and gifted（有天賦的）with a sharp bus in ess brai n.2. There are five cases病例）of food poisoning in the hospital.3. The boss demandec要求

12、）that we （should） finish it within a week.4. Now that you are eager渴望的）to join the school football team, why not try out for it?5. I believe the house was deliberately故意地）set fire to.6. It is such a（ n） unusual不 同尋常的）work of art that every one wants to have a look at it.7. After having been instruct

13、ed to drive out of town, I began to acquire（獲得） con fide nee.8. I have formed the habit of polish in g擦亮）my shoes before I leave home.9. The in comes of skilled workers went up.Mean while（同時）,un skilled workers saw their earnings fall.10. You should keep us informed告知）whenever you are in trouble.11.

14、 Rice is the chief主要的）crop in most southern provinces.12. Sam has bee n appo in ted man ager of the en gi neering departme部i（J） to take the place of George.n .詞性變化練習(xí)1. You should phone his secretary if you want to make an appointment(appoint)2. The man was found guilty(guilt) of armed robbery, and c

15、ondemned to eight years impris onment.3. The truth is that the committee gave its approval(approve) to the plan after second thought.4. In class, the naughty boy has little power of concentration as a result he could not concentrate on what his teacher says.But when he plays computer gamedne can 

16、9; t be more concentrated (concentrate)5. To his delight, he took first place in the exam.His parents were delighted to know about it.(delight)6. Tom is an assistant teacher in the college.He often assists the students with their problems and gives assistance to any student in need.(assist)7. Profes

17、sor Smith , who is famous in the medical profession, is paying a professional visit to our college.(profession)8. We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists were very admirable . In other words, we admired the artists for their admirable skills.(admire)川選詞填空accuse. of., concentrate or,

18、so as to (do sth) look forward to , ahead of, keep inmi nd, depe nd on, in form.of sth , have a nose for1. You should concentrate _qrthe road when you' re driving.2. Money is neither good nor bac| but all depends _on what use is made of it.3. They keep on informing us of how things are going her

19、e.4. He left one day ahead qf me though we arrived there almost at the same time.5. We should exercise for an hour every day_so_as_to have good health.6. As students we should keep _n mind that it is well worth working hard.7. I am delighted to cover the stories happening in the campus , because I h

20、ave _a nose _for news.8. As a journalist , I look forward to writ ing a good article.IV .補(bǔ)全句子1. Never will they give up the courage to have another try. 他們從來沒有放棄再次嘗試的勇氣。in flue nee their decisi on.2. The students trust he； as a result her advice js_to.學(xué)生們十分信任她，因此她的建議一定會影響他們的決定3. Have you ever had_a

21、ease_where you could not get along well with reading with much grammar?你有沒有過這樣的情況：語法知識很豐富，閱讀卻進(jìn)展不好？Part第握核心知識分層突破No核心要點(diǎn)突破1. assistvt幫助；協(xié)助；援助(1)assist sb to do sth幫助某人做某事assist sb with sth 幫助某人某事assist sb in doing sth 幫助某人做某事(2)assista ncen.幫助；協(xié)助come to on e'assista nee 援助某人assista nt n.助手；助理；售貨員單

22、句語法填空/一句多譯 When he is in trouble, his friends always come to his assistance(assist) Mary was chose n as an assista nt(assist) to help Mr.Brow n fin ish his research. 你經(jīng)常幫助媽媽做家務(wù)嗎？f Do you often assist your mother with the housework?f Do you often assist 二your 二mother _do the housework?f Do you often

23、assist 二your 二mother _n doing the housework?佳句背誦I am willing to assistyou with your Mandarin.(四川高考書面表達(dá))我樂意幫你學(xué)習(xí)普通話。2. casen 情況；病例；案例in case假使；以防萬一in case of假如發(fā)生；萬一發(fā)生in any case 無論如何in no case 決不in this/that case假使這樣用E樣的話as is ofte n the case 這是常有的事句型轉(zhuǎn)換 Anybody should in no case be allowed to stay her

24、e變?yōu)榈寡b句)f In no case should anybody be allowed to stay here. It is often the case that he is ready to help others變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句)f As_often the case he is ready to help others. You' d better take an umbrellin case_of the rain.f You' d better take an umbrellin case it rains.你最好帶把傘，以防下雨。佳句背誦In that case

25、, I shall direct many good movies for the audienee全國卷 U滿分作文)假使那樣的話，我將為觀眾導(dǎo)演很多好電影。名師指津(1) i n case后常常接句子；in case of后常常接名詞。(2) in no case位于句首時，句子用部分倒裝。(3) 如果case充當(dāng)先行詞，后面的定語從句通常用where或in which引導(dǎo)。3. approve vt贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)("approve sth批準(zhǔn)/通過某事 approve of (sb/onWs) doing sth 贊同/同意(某人)做某事 (2)approval n.贊成；同

26、意；批準(zhǔn)；通過get one'approval 得至U某人的同意give one'approval to 同意； 批準(zhǔn)單句改錯 If they don ' t approve of my plan my work will have been wasted.去掉 of They won' t approve your going theapprove后力卩 of They won' t giveheir approval of your going there.ofto佳句背誦To make yourself obey what youapproved

27、was freedom.使自己遵從你所認(rèn)可的東西就是自由。名師指津“贊成/同意某人做某事”不可說成approve sb to do sth因為approve 用作“同意；贊成”時是不及物動詞，所以應(yīng)該用 approve of sb/onesdoing sth, 其中介詞of后是動詞一ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。4. inform vt告知；通知(1) i nform sb of sth告知/通知某人某事inform sb that/where/how. 通知某人keep sb in formed (of.)使某人隨時了解()(2) information n. U通知；消息；情報；信息單句語法填空/單句

28、改錯 It was con siderate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 福 建高考單選) The boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed(inform) of the programme' s progress. Please inform us where we could rent a hous not too expe nsive but convenient. Besides they often get some use

29、ful informations from the Internet.(2017全國卷 n ) in formati onsin formatio n佳句背誦Now, I am writi ng to inform you of some releva nt details.(2018 全國卷 I書面表達(dá))現(xiàn)在，我寫信告知你一些相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。名師指津inform后不能直接帶雙賓語，而是借助于介詞of，構(gòu)成inform sb of sth結(jié)構(gòu)。5. demand n.需求；要求 vt強(qiáng)烈要求(1)be in (great) dema nd(迫切)需求meet/satisfy onesdemands

30、滿足某人的需求dema nd sth of/from sb向某人要某物dema nd of sb to do sth要求某人做某事dema nd to do sth 要求做某事dema nd that.(should) do sth 要求做某事demanding adj.高要求的；要求嚴(yán)格的單句語法填空/一句多譯 The robots are quite popula; they are in great dema nd in this city. My father came dow n and dema nded to know(k now) what was going on. Get

31、the tech no logy that has prove n to help the most demanding (dema nd) customers. 這位老師要求學(xué)生們準(zhǔn)時到校。f The teacher dema nds _that _the _stude nts (should)_go_to school ontime.(demand that.)f The teacher demands_ f _the students_to_go_ to school on time.(demand ofsb to do sth)佳句背誦It is expected that Ameri

32、can demand for au pairs will continue to rise inthe n ext few years.大 纟岡卷)人們預(yù)料美國對互惠生的需求在隨后的五年里將繼續(xù)上升6. concentrate on集中； 全神貫注于(1) concentrate on (doing) sth專心于(做)某事concentrate onesmind/attention on 集中注意力于； 致力于； 專心于(2) c oncen trati onn. 集中； 專心單句語法填空 Playing computer games can give us some relaxation

33、after school but as students we must concen trate_o n our studies. He concen trated his atte nti on on study in g(study) the history of Loula n. Speaking on the phone requires concentration(concentrate) and takes a driver ' s atte nti on from the road.佳句背誦Some students are good at concentrating

34、onwhat the teachers teach inclass.(四川高考書面表達(dá))一些學(xué)生擅長在課上專心于老師所教的東西。名師指津“集中注意力于；專心于”的常用短語還有： be absorbed in pay attention to apply on eself to devote on eself to put one's heart into be lost in/lose on eself in be buried in/bury on eself in fix/focus one's atte nti on on7. depend on依靠；依賴(1)depe

35、nd on sb to do/sfe doi ng sth 依靠某人做某事depe nd on sb for sth依靠某人供給某物depend on/upon it that.指望；對深信不疑(2)That depends./It (all) depends.視情況而定。單句語法填空 一What are you going to do this weeke nd?It depends（depend） If you permits, I may go to Shanghai with my friends. He depe nds on/upon his pare nts to. take（t

36、ake） care of his childre n. You can never depend on his arriving（arrive） on time. Children depend on/upon their parents for food and clothing. You can depend on it that such things will never happen again.佳句背誦There is no doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.（201

37、8江蘇高考書面表達(dá)）毫無疑問完全憑借消費(fèi)評級是不明智的。8. 先行詞為抽象地點(diǎn)名詞的定語從句Have you ever had a casewhere some one accused your journ alists of gett ing the wrong end of the stick?（教材原句）你們有沒有過這樣的情況：別人控告你的記者，說他（她）們的報道完全失實？當(dāng)先行詞為抽象地點(diǎn)名詞 case situation, position, atmosphere stage, activity, family和point等且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語時，常用 where或in which

38、來引導(dǎo)定 語從句。 This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right.（四川高考）當(dāng)我看著鏡子里的自己，或者試穿我現(xiàn)在最喜歡的牛仔褲時，我臉上露出了微笑。 I can think of many cases where students knew quite a few English words andexpressions but couldn'

39、 t write a good essay.我能想出許多情況：學(xué)生們知道許多英語詞匯和表達(dá)卻寫不出好文章。 All the n eighbours admire this family where the pare nts are treat ing their child like a friend.所有鄰居們都羨慕這個家庭，在這個家庭中父母對待孩子像朋友一樣。名師指津抽象地點(diǎn)名詞后的定語從句中如果關(guān)系詞作主語或賓語則需要用 that 或 which 引導(dǎo)。 This restaura nt has an in vit ing homelike atmosphere that/which m

40、any others are short of.這家餐館有一種誘人的、如家一般的氛圍，這是很多其他餐館所沒有的。9. 否定詞置于句首的部分倒裝Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popularEnglish newspaper.教材原句)周陽永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記他在一家暢銷英文報社的第一項工作任務(wù)。(1) 否定副詞never置于句首，句子需用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即把助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或 系動詞be提到主語之前。(2) 常用否定副詞和含有否定意義的介詞短語還有：not, little , seldom,

41、 hardly,scarcely, neither, nor, at no time, by no means in no case in no way, on no condition 等。 In my opinion, never can a persorwithout friends be happy.山東高考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范文 )以我來看，一個沒有朋友的人永遠(yuǎn)不會幸福。 The old couple have been married for 40 years and never oncehave they .quarrelled with each other.這對老夫婦已經(jīng)結(jié)婚40年了，這些

42、年里他們從沒吵過架。 He is such an ill tempered man that on no condition will I team up with him.他的脾氣太暴躁了，無論如何我都不會和他合作。 Hardly _had_=we一eft the dormitory the next morning when we realized we hadleft our map in the room.第二天早上，我們剛離開宿舍，就意識到我們把地圖忘在房間里了。3考綱詞匯專練I .多義詞專練一一選擇語境中詞匯的含義1. photographA. n.照片 B . vt.給照相 I

43、need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph taken.（2018 天津高 考）A The reason Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is so they can be hugged anqbhotographedby tourists, who make the trips to Featherdale and an increasing number of other national parks for

44、 just that special experienee.廣東高考）B2. professionalA. adj.專業(yè)的 B. adj.職業(yè)的 C. n.專業(yè)人員 Athletes from our school team have won many gold medals of table tennis con tests in rece nt years and the coachi ng team is also verprofessional（2017全國卷 川）A The University of Adelaide employs a full time staff of fir

45、e prevention professional.（2018 天津高考）C I am sure professionala nd amateur athletes will be in terested in the results of this research._B3. demandA. n.需求；要求 B. vt.強(qiáng)烈要求 Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.全國卷 I ）A Since conscientious peop

46、ledemand so much of themselves, they can hold other people to their own standards江蘇高考）B4. chiefA. adj.主要的 B . adj.首席的 C . n.首領(lǐng) D . n.長官 My father was Chief Engineer of a merchant ship, which was sunk in World Warn .The book Night of the U boats told the story.（湖南高考）B He had the good fortune to marry

47、 off his daughter to the locaC hief. C The chief of the gover nment is popular with his followers.衛(wèi) His chiefjoy centered in caring for the children. A5. processA. n.過程；程序；步驟 B. vt加工 C. vt.處理 The other big NFC issue, apart from how payments will be processed issecurity.（湖北高考）C Everything you want wo

48、n tarrive in your life on oneday.lt ' sorocess（天津高考）A The trademark and the labels to be used on the products we process will bedesig ned by you.Bn .微閱讀一一寫出黑體詞匯在語境中的詞性和詞義Li Qing, an amateur jo urn alist, works for Chi na Daily .Though she is in a dilemma between her family and her job, she never

49、 complains.Eager to be more professionaljshe concen trates on her job and has n ever bee® accusedof making mistakes. One day she was informed of an in terview with people who were guilty of crimes.To acquire accurate stories, she dema nded to record what they would say.® Meanwhile, a colle

50、ague assisted her in tak ing photos.She n eeded, duri ng the process, to be scepticalof what they said and tried to appraise（評價）whether they were deliberately hiding the truth.She then wrote thorough stories and submittedthem to the editor for polish in g.Li Qi ng is really gifted and her efforts ar

51、e admirable.adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的vt.告知；通知adi.精確的；正確的adj.懷疑的vt.遞交n.（進(jìn)退兩難的）困境；窘境 vt.指責(zé)； 控告 adi.犯罪的；有罪的adv.其間；同時adv.故意地m.微完形根據(jù)語境選出正確選項To be a good journalist has been my dream.However, I know the key to becoming a(n) _1_ is working experience.That is why I am working for China Daily no w.Now and the n I will be

52、sent to cover the stories happe ning in the campus, becauseI have a good _2_ for news.To _3_ more information, I ask as many differe nt questi ons as possible and _4_ liste ning to what he says .In additi on, being a good journalist _5_ to be very careful and diligent.To write a good article, I shou

53、ld not only in terview many people but also I should take many _6 . Although it is hard, I find the job fun and rewarding.1. A.colleagueB. journalistC. professionalD. amateur2. A.noseB . earC. mouthD . eye3. A.submitB . updateC. assessD . acquire4. A.depend onB . pass onC. concentrate onD . approve

54、of5. A.demandsB . assistsC. in formsD . polishes6. A.processesB . appo in tme ntsC. editionsD . photographs答案 1.B 2.A3.D 4.C 5.A 6.D£art 3|練實基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)多維檢測I. 在空白處填入i個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或所給單詞的正確形式 熱考常考1. Exam in ati ons are not the only means of assessii(igssess) a stude nt ' s ability.2. She was_in a dilemma w

55、hether to stay at school or take up a job.3. I was absolutely delighted(delight) with the high quality goods.4. The knowledge acquireqjacquire) in one ' s childhood will make a strong impression on him.5. It' s unusual(usual) to have an adult conversation like that with such a little child.6

56、. The speaker in the hall raised his voice so as_ to_be heard(hear)7 . The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant(assist) There is too much work to do.8. We need to get some more accurate(accuracy) information about the material.9. The man did a(n) admirable(admire)job in keeping the surroundings clean.10. She was only 19 when her first novel was published(publish)n .用所給詞的正確形式填空不規(guī)則變化1. The typist kept(keep) the timetable in mi nd and fini shed the work on time.2. He first wrote(write) h