簡單句翻譯練習(xí)

1、英語語法簡單句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題2011屆中考英語語法簡單句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題及答案-句子成分都由單詞或短語擔(dān)任，且只有一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子叫做簡單句。初中階段我們需要重點(diǎn)掌握簡單句的六種基本句型及其主要用法。一、S + V（主語不及物動詞）這種句型簡稱為主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。不及物動詞是指那些本身意義已完整，后面不需要接賓語的動詞，如come, go, swim, appear, run, arrive, fall等。如：Did you go by sea？你們走的是海路嗎？No, we flew. 不，我們是坐飛機(jī)去的。有時，不及物動詞后面會跟副詞、介詞短語等作狀語。如：Why dont you come at onc

2、e when I call you? 我叫你時，你為什么不馬上來？【練習(xí)導(dǎo)航】. 根據(jù)漢語完成下列英語句子，每空一詞。1. 他在聽。   He _ _.2. 昨晚你睡得好嗎？Did you _ _ last night?3. 這場雨持續(xù)了兩個小時。   The rain _ _ two hours. 4. 事物總是變化的。   Things always _.5. 他來中國的夢想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。   His dream to China _ _ _.  二、S + V + P（主語系動詞表語）系動詞通常與表語一起

3、構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，用來說明主語的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)等。表語通常由名詞、形容詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、動名詞或從句等充當(dāng)。常見的系動詞有be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, get, grow, turn, become, stay, seem等。如：All her friends are now outside the door. 她的所有朋友現(xiàn)在都在門外。The milk turned sour. 牛奶變酸了?！揪毩?xí)導(dǎo)航】翻譯下面的漢語句子。1. 他感到有點(diǎn)累。_2. 這聽起來是個好主意。_3. 他的夢想是成為一名醫(yī)生。_4. 我最喜歡的運(yùn)動是游泳。

4、_5. 問題是你想干什么。_6. 他總是樂于助人。_7. 這盤菜聞起來不錯。_8. 那個女孩是我的妹妹。_三、S + V + O（主語及物動詞賓語）及物動詞后面必須接賓語才能表達(dá)一個完整的意思。賓語是動作的承受者，一般由名詞、代詞、動詞不定式、動名詞等充當(dāng)。如：Hes having lunch. 他正在吃午餐。I prefer standing. 我寧愿站著。He promised to lend me some books. 他答應(yīng)借給我?guī)妆緯??！揪毩?xí)導(dǎo)航】. 找出下列句子的賓語。1. He handed in his homework this morning.  _2

5、. Help yourself to some soup, Jim.      _3. He forgot which way to go.        _4. Would you mind waiting for a few minutes?     _5. Ill do what I can.     _. 根據(jù)漢語完成下列英語句子，每空一詞。6. 你認(rèn)識這些人嗎？Do you _ _ _?7. 今天早上他完成了報(bào)告。H

6、e _ _ _ this morning.8. 現(xiàn)在我來自我介紹一下。Now Ill _ _. 9. 他已經(jīng)決定搬到北京去了。He has decided _ _ _ Beijing.10. 我不記得事故是什么時候發(fā)生的。I dont remember _ the accident _.四、S + V + IO + DO（主語及物動詞間接賓語直接賓語）有些及物動詞，如hand, give, throw, lend, sing, read, write, buy, leave, make, pass, tell, get 等可以帶雙賓語，一個賓語指人，稱為間接賓語；另一個指物，稱為直接賓語。及物

7、動詞帶雙賓語通常有以下兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：1. 及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語2. 及物動詞+直接賓語+to / for+間接賓語【練習(xí)導(dǎo)航】. 找出下列句子中的直接賓語。1. She gave me her telephone number.    _2. Bring me some water, please.     _3. Ill make you some fresh tea.      _4. He sang us a folk song.   

8、     _5. She showed me her paintings.     _. 將下列句子改為同義句。6. Tom gave me a nice pen.   Tom _ a nice pen _ me. 7. My mother bought my little sister a pink skirt.   My mother _ a pink skirt _ my little sister.8. She cooked us a delicious meal.  She

9、_ a delicious meal _ us. 【溫馨提示】某些動詞引導(dǎo)的間接賓語可改為to引導(dǎo)的短語，這類動詞有g(shù)ive, hand, show, send, bring, pass, lend, teach, tell, write, throw, sell, email等。如：Can you lend us your car? 你能把車借給我們嗎？Can you lend your car to us? 某些動詞引導(dǎo)的間接賓語可改為for引導(dǎo)的短語，這類動詞有buy, play, get, make, order, choose, sing, pay等。如：My uncle bough

10、t me a watch. 我叔叔給我買了一塊表。My uncle bought a watch for me.五、S + V + O + OC（主語及物動詞賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語）有些及物動詞加上賓語后，它的意思表達(dá)還是不完整，這就需要再加上一個補(bǔ)足語來使句子的意思完整。賓語補(bǔ)足語通常由形容詞、副詞、名詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、V-ing形式等充當(dāng)。如：Please dont call me Lucy. 請不要叫我露西。I found the box empty. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)箱子是空的。The teacher told us to do some exercises. 老師要我們做一些練習(xí)題?！揪毩?xí)導(dǎo)航

11、】. 找出下列句子中的賓語補(bǔ)足語。1. They call their daughter Mary. _2. Dont leave me behind. _3. I wish you to be happy. _4. I saw her chatting with Nancy. _5. Good food keeps you healthy. _. 翻譯下面的漢語句子。6. 他們請我和他們一道去。_7. 我剛才看見她在跟簡談話。_8. 你注意到他進(jìn)來了嗎？_六、there be句型  there be句型主要用來表示“某地有某物或某人”。如果be動詞后面有兩個或兩個以上的主語，be動

12、詞的選用需要遵循“就近原則”。如：  There is a dictionary, three books and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一本字典，三本書和一支鋼筆。【練習(xí)導(dǎo)航】. 根據(jù)漢語完成下列英語句子，每空一詞。1. 一個男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩。_ _ a boy _ with a dog in the yard. 2. 以前在街道拐角處有一家商店。_ _ _ _ a shop on the corner of the street. 8. 可能會有一個更好的辦法來做這件事。_ _ _ a better way to do this. 9. 沒有空氣

13、就沒有聲音._ _ _ sound without air.  10. 沒有時間再等你了。_ _ no time _ _ _ you.  Key：一、. 1. is listening   2. sleep well  3. lasted for   4. change          5. has come true . 6-10 ABBCD二、   1. He feels a little tired.

14、60;   2. It sounds a good idea. 3. Is Helen in?      4. My computer is in the study.  5. His dream is to become a doctor. 6. My favorite sport is swimming.7. The question is what you want to do. 8. He is always ready to help others.9. The d

15、ish smells good.    10. The girl is my sister.三、. 1. his homework     2. yourself   3. which way to go 4. waiting       5. what I can. 6. know these people      7. finished his report  8. in

16、troduce myself          9. to move to   10. when; happened四、. 1. her telephone number     2. some water  3. some fresh tea   4. a folk song   5. her paintings. 6. gave; to       7.

17、 bought; for  8. cooked; for  9. showed; to       10. made; for 五、. 1. Mary       2. behind   3. to be happy  4. chatting with Nancy             5. he

18、althy    . 6. They asked me to go with them.  7. I saw her talking with Jane just now.8. Do you think the movie wonderful?9. What do you advise me to do?   10. Did you notice him come in? 六、. 1-5 ADCBC. 6. There is; playing     7. There use

19、d to be  8. There might be   9. There is no  10. There is; to wait for高中英語語法定語從句總復(fù)習(xí)郴州資興三中李俊才                                &

20、#160;                       定義：用來說明主句中某一名詞或代詞（有時也可說明整個主句或主句中一部分）而起定語作用的句子叫作定語從句。一、關(guān)系帶詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1. 關(guān)系代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞 句子成分 用于限制從句或非限制性從句 只用于限制性從句  代替人代替物代替人或物主語Whowh

21、ich 主語Whomwhichthat賓語Whose (=of whom)Whose (=of which)that 例：This is the detective who came from London.例：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.關(guān)系代詞的用法(1) 如果先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people th

22、at are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼淚。）(2) 如果先行詞被形容詞最高級以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等詞修飾，關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which, who，或whom。    (3) 非限制性定語從句中，不能用關(guān)系代詞that,作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.(4) wh

23、ich還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數(shù)情況下意思是與and  this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在從句中作表語，（指人作主語時多用who）僅用于限制性定語從句中。 (6) which可作表語，既可指人，以可指物。指人時，一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有某種特征品性或才能的人。Which引導(dǎo)的定語從

24、句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。(7) 如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體，關(guān)系代詞用which;若是指集體中的各個成員，則用who。(8) 先行詞有兩個，一個指人，一個指物，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用that。(9) 如果先行詞是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you?（在這的所有人中誰和你一起去？）“介詞關(guān)系代詞“是一個普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)(1) “介詞關(guān)系代詞“可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句

25、，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句?！敖樵~關(guān)系代詞“結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。 (2) from where為“介詞關(guān)系副詞“結(jié)構(gòu)，但也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句。例如：We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town. (3) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定

26、短語動詞，在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of. （這是她曾今照顧的孩子。）二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1關(guān)系副詞也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句關(guān)系副詞在從句中分別表示時間地點(diǎn)或原因。關(guān)系副詞when在從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語，where 充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語，why充當(dāng)原因狀語。2. that可引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間地點(diǎn)或原因That有時可以代替關(guān)系副詞 when, where 或者why引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間地點(diǎn)或原因，在 that引導(dǎo)的這種定語從句中，that也可以省去。三、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句1二者差異比

27、較限制定語從句緊跟先行詞，引導(dǎo)詞同先行詞之間一般不加逗號，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞或that來引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語從句僅作補(bǔ)充或說明，用逗號與主句隔開，既可修飾先行詞，又可修飾整個主句，不可用that引導(dǎo)。2關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù) (1) 弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語的應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞，作主語賓語或表語的可選用關(guān)系代詞。3. 先行詞與定語從句隔離定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但定語從句與先行詞之間有時也會插入別的成分，構(gòu)成先行詞與定語從句的隔離。例如：This is the article written by him that Is po

28、ke to you about.四、As在定語從句中的用法1. 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句（）as多與such 或the same連用，可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。（）as 也可單獨(dú)使用，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，作用相當(dāng)于which。例如：The elephants nose is like a snake, as anybody can see. (）the same that與 the same as在意思上是不同的。2As引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的位置as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句位置較靈活，可以位于主句前面中間或后面，一般用逗號與主句隔開，但which所引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語

29、從句只能放在主句之后。例如：As is expected, the England team won the football match.五、英語定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)單項(xiàng)填空1I think youre got to the point_ a change is needed, otherwise youll fail.A. when                    B. that  

30、;              C. where             D. which2The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with re

31、al-life people.A. when                    B. that              C. in which           

32、  D. on which3Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ people were eaten by the tiger.A. that                 B. by which      

33、     C. which               D. in which 4There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.A. where               B. whi

34、ch         C. when                 D. that 5_ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.A. Which           

35、60;  B. When         C. What                  D. As 6_ is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are making progress.A.It     

36、                B.As                  C.That               D.What 7The

37、re are many people_ only on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mails.A.who                 B.that              C.which     &

38、#160;          D.whose 8EBay,Amazon and WalMart are popular websites_people can sell goods to each other.A.where           B.which          C.when    

39、        D.whose9On his 10th birthday.Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _he believes that he can go to the wild.A.which                    

40、60;         B.from what           C.through which                     D.that10I hope_the little _I have been a

41、ble to do has been of some use.A.that;that         B./;by which    C.what;what            D./;with which11The farmers use wood to build a house_to store grains all the year around.A.with whi

42、ch    B.to which    C.which    D.in which 12This was a film_ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys.A.which                    B.when    

43、;           C.in which             D.there13The thought of going home to his family was allkept him happy while he was working abroad.A.that        &#

44、160; B.what         C.those        D.which14A container weighs more after air is put in_proves that air has weight.A.as        B.it         C.that

45、0;      D.which 15Can you tell me where Peter lives?Over there.The two storey house, _there is a garden.A.near it                    B.from which      

46、0; C.in front of it              D.in front of which 16Miss Green took up the story at the point_the thief had just made off with the jewels.A.where               &#

47、160;       B.which            C.as                          D.when17Why does she always as

48、k you for help?There is no one else_ ,is there?A.who to turn to                                B.she can turn to     

49、60;         C.for whom to turn                              D.for her to turn 18The year before last,part of Southe

50、ast Asia was struck by floods,from _effects the people are still suffering.A.that                 B.whose               C.those    

51、;           D.what 19Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restaurants, _ as the name suggests,eating doesnt take much time.A.who                  B.where 

52、             C.which              D.what 20Later I want to return home but couldnt find a company _I could use_I had learnt.A.where;that      

53、60;                           B.where;what            C.when;what        &#

54、160;                         D.that;that 21Government reports,legal papers and most business letters are the main situations _ English is used.A.when     &

55、#160;              B.that                 C.how                D.where 22We hope

56、 the measures to control house prices，_ are taken by the government，will succeed.A.as                  B.when              C.since   &#

57、160;            D.after 23The boy the teachers considered _ failed in the final exam, surprised them very much.A.to be the best；which                  

58、0;        B.as the best student；that       C.to have been studying well；it               D.such as a good student；which 24The president,together with his bodygu

59、ards, _ to the nuclear station _ there was an accident 20 minutes ago.A.have come；which                       B.came；in which        C.has come；where 

60、                       D.come；in which 25Is there a gas station around_ I can get some petrol?A.which               

61、;                  B.what          C.where                     &#

62、160;           D.that26There was_ time_ I hated to go to school.A.a；that          B.a；when               C.the；that   &#

63、160;     D.the；when 27It was in the very house _ was built with stones _ he spent his childhood.A.that；that                             

64、;   B.that；where        C.which；that                              D.which；where 28These wild flowers are

65、so special I would do _I_ them.A.what；can save                             B.all what；can to save          C.w

66、hat；can to save                        D.everything；can save 29I shall never forget those years _I lived in the country with farmers,_has a great effect on my life.A.that；which 

67、60;                                  B.when；which             C.which；

68、that                                   D.when；who 30.Just like a voyage at sea,our life journey, _ days are limited,is full of dif

69、ficulties.A. that   B. which          C. it     D. whose 高中總復(fù)習(xí)英語定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)卷參考答案1答案：C 解析：where在此處引導(dǎo)定語從句。2答案：B解析：本題考查定語從句。that引導(dǎo)的定語從句又在從句中作spend的賓語。3答案：D 解析：由四個選項(xiàng)知該空格應(yīng)填入定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，此句意義為：people were eaten by the tiger in the sc

70、ene，所以先行詞scene應(yīng)該與介詞in搭配。4答案：A 解析：關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾trousers，并在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。全句意思為：在她擦手的褲子上留下了污跡。5答案：D 解析：從句意看，本題考查定語從句的用法，故首先排除C項(xiàng)。由于when在定語從句中只能作時間狀語，而題干中的定語從句缺主語，因而排除B項(xiàng)；as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，which引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能放在主句之后，而as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，其中as表示“正如那樣”。as is often the case為固定詞組，意為“這是常用的事；正如常見的情形”。全句意思為“正

71、如平常一樣，我們已經(jīng)制訂出了工作計(jì)劃”。最佳答案D。6答案：B 解析：由題干的結(jié)構(gòu)及內(nèi)容看，逗號之前，應(yīng)為非限制性定語從句，故選B項(xiàng)。全句意思為：“正如報(bào)紙上報(bào)道的那樣，兩國之間的談判取得了進(jìn)展?！比暨xA項(xiàng)，此句應(yīng)為：It is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two.若選D項(xiàng)，此句應(yīng)為：What is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two.7答案：D 解析：whose誰的，“有許多人，他們的上網(wǎng)活動只是發(fā)送和接收電子郵件?！?答案：A解析：考查定語從句。

72、where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在從句中作狀語。9答案：C解析：考查定語從句。through為介詞提前，構(gòu)成go to the wild through.。10答案：A解析：句子成分分析。第一個that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，第二個that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾the little。11答案：D解析：考查定語從句和省略。句中省略了they want;in which引導(dǎo)定語從句在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。12答案：C解析：“在這部電影中”斯皮爾伯格用了真實(shí)的演員而不是玩具，故用in which引導(dǎo)定語從句。13答案：A解析：考查定語從句。all 為先行詞，關(guān)系代詞用that。14答案：D解析：考查非限制性定語從句； wh

73、ich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句指代前面整句話的意義。15答案：D解析：考查非限制性定語從句。in front of which“在的前面”。16答案：A解析：考查定語從句。where引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞 at the point。17答案：B解析：考查定語從句及省略。完整形式為： There is no one else (that/who)she can turn to;turn to sb.求助于某人。18答案：B解析：題意是“前年，東南亞部分地區(qū)遭遇了洪水災(zāi)害，至今人們還在受此影響”。由題中的逗號可以判定出句子的后半部分是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是floods。從句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可看出，定語

74、從句中只缺少定語，也就是說，先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)定語，所以引導(dǎo)詞要用whose。19答案：B解析：本題考查定語從句；where引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。20答案：B解析： where引導(dǎo)定語從句,what引導(dǎo)賓語從句?！霸诠纠镂铱梢杂玫轿宜鶎W(xué)的知識”。21答案：D解析：where引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作狀語，相當(dāng)于in which。22答案：A解析：as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，表示“正如”，并在定語從句中作主語。23答案：A解析：后半句為非限制性定語從句，which指代前一分句的內(nèi)容consider sb to be。24答案：C解析：含有 together with的介詞短語只對主語

75、起補(bǔ)充說明作用，對謂語動詞不產(chǎn)生任何影響。where引導(dǎo)定語從句，where在從句中作狀語。25答案：C解析：本題考查定語從句。關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。本句中around作定語修飾a gas station。26答案：B 解析：本題考查冠詞和定語從句的用法。time作“次數(shù)”解時，后接關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，即：This/It is the first/second.time that+從句；time作“一段時光（時期）”解時，其前用不定冠詞，其后接關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語從句，構(gòu)成：There was/is a time when.。故選B。全句意思為：有這么一段時間，我不

76、想去上學(xué)。27答案：A 解析：第二空是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是狀語in the very house。house后是定語從句，從句缺少主語，用that或which引導(dǎo)；由于house前有the very修飾，故只能用that引導(dǎo)。28答案：C 解析：在sb.do what one can to do結(jié)構(gòu)中what one can是賓語從句，what后不可再使用關(guān)系代詞；在sb.do everything/all(that)one can to do中，that one can是定語從句，該從句中只能使用關(guān)系代詞that，everything/all that等于what；在以上結(jié)構(gòu)中can后省略了動

77、詞do，動詞不定式作目的狀語。故選C。29答案：B 解析：第一個定語從句缺時間狀語，因此第一空應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系副詞when；第二個定語從句缺主語，關(guān)系代詞指代前面整句話，因此用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。30答案：D解析：考查定語從句。whose引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，whose指代our life journey，在從句中作定語修飾days。  定語從句：1.Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure.   A

78、. which B. what C. as D. those   2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?   A. that B. where C. in which D. the one   3. Is this factory _ some 

79、foreign friends visited last Friday?   A. that B. where C. which D. the one   4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago?   A. that B. where C. which D. the on

80、e   5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found.   A. that B. where C. in which D. in that   6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water&

81、#160;changes into ice.   A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what   7. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.   A. how you have obse

82、rved B. what you have observed   C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed   8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.   A. because

83、B. why C. that D. whether   9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week.   A. all which B. that C. all that D. which   10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare,

84、0;is very old.   A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which   11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.   A. as B. that C. which D. what   12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry.