環(huán)境工程外文文獻(xiàn)及翻譯 水處理

1、氧化溝工藝在污水處理中的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展摘要：本文主要闡敘了Carrousel氧化溝的結(jié)構(gòu)、工藝機(jī)理、運(yùn)行過程中存在的問題和相應(yīng)的解決辦法。最后，介紹了Carrousel氧化溝的最新的研究進(jìn)展并指出了未來的主要研究方向。關(guān)鍵詞：Carrousel氧化溝 除磷脫氮 結(jié)構(gòu) 機(jī)理1、 前言 氧化溝又名連續(xù)環(huán)曝氣池，是活性污泥法的一種變形。氧化溝處理工藝在20世紀(jì)50年代由荷蘭衛(wèi)生工程研究所研制成功的。自從1954年在荷蘭的首次投入使用以來。由于其出水水質(zhì)好、運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、管理方便等技術(shù)特點(diǎn)，已經(jīng)在國內(nèi)外廣泛的應(yīng)用于生活污水和工業(yè)污水的治理。目前應(yīng)用較為廣泛的氧化溝類型包括：帕斯維爾氧化溝、卡魯塞爾氧化溝，奧爾

2、博氧化溝、T型氧化溝、DE型氧化溝和一體化氧化溝。這些氧化溝由于在結(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)行上存在差異，因此各具特點(diǎn)。本文將主要介紹Carrousel氧化溝的的結(jié)構(gòu)、機(jī)理、存在的問題及其最新發(fā)展。2、 Carrousel氧化溝的結(jié)構(gòu)Carrousel氧化溝是1967年由荷蘭的DHV公司開發(fā)研制。在原Carrouse氧化溝的基礎(chǔ)上DHV公司和其在美國的專利特許公司EIMCO又發(fā)明了Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)，實現(xiàn)了更高要求的生物脫氮和除磷功能。至今世界上已有850多座Carrousel氧化溝和Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)正在運(yùn)行。Carrousel氧化溝使用定向控制的曝氣和攪動裝置，向混合液傳遞水平速

3、度，從而使被攪動的混合液在氧化溝閉合渠道內(nèi)循環(huán)流動。因此氧化溝具有特殊的水力學(xué)流態(tài)，既有完全混合式反應(yīng)器的特點(diǎn)，又有推流式反應(yīng)器的特點(diǎn)，溝內(nèi)存在明顯的溶解氧濃度梯度。氧化溝斷面為矩形或梯形，平面形狀多為橢圓形，溝內(nèi)水深一般為2.54.5m，寬深比為2:1，亦有水深達(dá)7m的，溝內(nèi)水流平均流速為0.3m/s。氧化溝的曝氣混合設(shè)備有表面、曝氣轉(zhuǎn)刷或轉(zhuǎn)盤，射流曝氣池、導(dǎo)管式曝氣器和提升管曝氣機(jī)等，近年來配合使用的還有水下推動器。3、 Carrousel氧化溝的機(jī)理3.1 Carrousel氧化溝處理污水的機(jī)理最初的普通Carrousel氧化溝的工藝中污水直接與回流污泥一起進(jìn)入氧化溝系統(tǒng)。表面曝氣機(jī)使混

4、合液中溶解氧DO的濃度增加到大23mg/L。在這種充分摻氧的條件下，微生物得到足夠的溶解氧來去除BOD；同時，氮也被氧化成硝酸鹽和亞硝酸鹽，此時，混合液處于有氧狀態(tài)，在曝氣機(jī)下游，水流由曝氣去的湍流狀態(tài)變成之后的平流狀態(tài)，水流維持在最小流速，保證活性污泥處于懸浮狀態(tài)（平均流速大于0.3m/s）。微生物的氧化過程消耗了水中溶解氧，直到DO值降為0，混合液呈缺氧狀態(tài)。經(jīng)過缺氧區(qū)的反硝化作用，混合液進(jìn)入有氧區(qū)，完成一次循環(huán)。該系統(tǒng)中，BOD降解是一個連續(xù)過程，硝化作用和反硝化作用發(fā)生在同一池中。由于結(jié)構(gòu)的限制，這種氧化溝雖然可以有效去除BOD，但除磷脫氮的能力有限。3.2 Carrousel氧化溝除

5、磷脫氮的影響因素 影響Carrousel氧化溝除磷夫人因素主要是污泥齡、硝酸鹽濃度及基質(zhì)濃度。研究表明，當(dāng)污泥齡為810d時活性污泥中最大磷含量為其干污泥量的4%，為異養(yǎng)菌質(zhì)量的11%，但當(dāng)污泥齡超過15d時污泥中最大含磷量明顯下降，反而達(dá)不到最大除磷效果。因此，一味延長污泥齡是沒有必要的，宜在815天范圍內(nèi)選用。同時，高硝酸鹽濃度和低基質(zhì)濃度不利于除磷過程。4、 Carrousel氧化溝存在的問題及解決辦法 盡管Carrousel氧化溝具有出水水質(zhì)好、抗沖擊負(fù)荷能力強(qiáng)、除磷脫氮效率高、污泥易穩(wěn)定、能耗省、便于自動化控制等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。但是，在實際的運(yùn)行過程中，仍存在一系列問題。4.1污泥膨脹問題 當(dāng)

6、廢水中的碳水化合物較多，N、P含量不平衡，PH值偏低，氧化溝中污泥負(fù)荷過高，溶解氧濃度不足，排泥不暢等易引起絲狀菌性污泥膨脹，非絲狀菌性污泥膨脹主要發(fā)生在廢水水溫較低而污泥負(fù)荷較高時。微生物的負(fù)荷高，細(xì)菌吸取了大量的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，由于水溫低，代謝速度較慢，積貯起大量高粘性的多糖類物質(zhì)，使活性污泥的表面附著水大大增加，SVI值很高，形成污泥膨脹。針對污泥膨脹的起因，可以采取不同的對策：由缺氧、水溫高造成的，可加大曝氣量或降低進(jìn)水量以減輕負(fù)荷，或適當(dāng)降低MLSS（控制污泥回流量），使需氧量減少；如污泥負(fù)荷過高，可以提高M(jìn)LSS，以調(diào)整負(fù)荷，必要時可停止進(jìn)水，悶曝一段時間；可通過投加氮肥、磷肥，調(diào)整混合

7、液中的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)平衡（BOD5：N:P=100:5:1）；PH值過低，可投加石灰調(diào)節(jié)；漂白粉和液氯，能抑制絲狀菌繁殖，控制結(jié)合水性污泥膨脹。4.2泡沫問題 由于進(jìn)水中帶有大量油脂，處理系統(tǒng)不能完全有效地將其除去，部分油脂富集于污泥中，經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)刷充氧攪拌，產(chǎn)生大量泡沫；泥齡偏長，污泥老化，也易產(chǎn)生泡沫。用表面噴淋水或除沫劑去除泡沫，常用除沫劑有機(jī)油、煤油、硅油，投加量為0.51.5mg/L。通過增加曝氣池污泥濃度或適當(dāng)減少曝氣量，也能有效控制泡沫產(chǎn)生。當(dāng)廢水中含表面活性物質(zhì)較多時，易預(yù)先用泡沫分離或其他方法去除。另外也可考慮增設(shè)一套除油裝置。但最重要的是要加強(qiáng)水源管理，減少含油過高廢水及其有毒廢水的進(jìn)

8、入。4.3污泥上浮問題 當(dāng)廢水中含油量過大，整個系統(tǒng)泥質(zhì)變輕，在操作過程中不能很好控制其在二沉池的停留時間，易造成缺氧，產(chǎn)生污泥上?。划?dāng)曝氣時間過長，在池中發(fā)生高度消化作用，使硝酸鹽濃度過高，在二沉池易發(fā)生反硝化作用，產(chǎn)生氮?dú)?，使污泥上??；另外，廢水中含油量過大，污泥可能挾油上浮。 發(fā)生污泥上浮后應(yīng)暫停停水，打碎或清除污泥，判明原因，調(diào)整操作。污泥沉降性差，可投加混凝劑或惰性物質(zhì)，改善沉淀性；如進(jìn)水負(fù)荷大應(yīng)減少進(jìn)水量；如污泥顆粒細(xì)小可降低曝氣機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速；如發(fā)現(xiàn)反硝化，應(yīng)減小曝氣量，增大回流或排泥量；如發(fā)現(xiàn)污泥腐化，應(yīng)加大曝氣量，清除積泥，并設(shè)法改善內(nèi)水力條件。4.4 流速不均及污泥沉積問題 在Ca

9、rrousel氧化溝中，為了獲得其他獨(dú)特的混合和處理效果，混合液必須以一定的流速在溝內(nèi)循環(huán)流動。一般認(rèn)為，最低流速應(yīng)為0.15m/s，不發(fā)生沉積的平均流速應(yīng)達(dá)到0.30.5m/s。氧化溝的曝氣設(shè)備一般為曝氣轉(zhuǎn)刷和曝氣轉(zhuǎn)盤，轉(zhuǎn)刷的浸沒深度為250300mm，轉(zhuǎn)盤的浸沒深度為480530mm,與氧化溝水深（3.03.6m)相比，轉(zhuǎn)刷只占了水深的1/101/12,轉(zhuǎn)盤也只占了1/61/7,因此造成氧化溝上部流速較大（約為0.8m1.2m,甚至更大），而底部流速很小，致使溝底大量積泥（有時積泥厚度達(dá)1m),大大減少了氧化溝的有效容積，降低了處理效果，影響出水水質(zhì)。加裝上、下游導(dǎo)流板是改善流速分布、提高

10、充氧能力的有效方法和最方便的措施。上流導(dǎo)流板在距轉(zhuǎn)盤軸心4.0處，導(dǎo)流板高度為水深的1/51/6，并垂直于水面安裝：下游導(dǎo)流板安裝在距轉(zhuǎn)盤軸心3.0m處。導(dǎo)流板的材料可以用金屬或玻璃鋼，但以玻璃鋼為佳。導(dǎo)流板與其改善措施相比，不僅不會增加動力消耗和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)成本，而且還能夠較大幅度地提高充氧能力和理論動力效率。另外，通過在曝氣機(jī)上游設(shè)置水下推動器也可以對曝氣轉(zhuǎn)刷底部低速區(qū)德爾混合液循環(huán)流動起到積極作用，從而解決氧化溝底部流速低、污泥沉積的問題。設(shè)置水下推動器專門用于推動混合液可以使氧化溝的運(yùn)行方式更加靈活，對于節(jié)約資源、提高效率具有十分重要的意義。5、 Carrousel氧化溝的發(fā)展由于污水處理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

11、中對除磷脫氮的要求越來越嚴(yán)格，Carrousel氧化溝也得到了進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展。目前，研究及應(yīng)用較多的包括以下兩種類型：微孔曝氣型Carrousel2000系統(tǒng)、Carrousel3000系統(tǒng)。5.1 微孔曝氣型Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng) 微孔曝氣型Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)采用微孔曝氣（供養(yǎng)設(shè)備為鼓風(fēng)機(jī)），微孔曝氣器可產(chǎn)生大量直徑為1mm左右的微小氣泡，這大大提高了氣泡的表面積，使得在池容積一定的情況下氧轉(zhuǎn)移總量增大。根據(jù)目前鼓風(fēng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠家的技術(shù)能力，池的有效水深最大可達(dá)8m，因此可根據(jù)不同的工藝要求選擇合適的水深。傳統(tǒng)氧化溝的推流是利用轉(zhuǎn)刷、轉(zhuǎn)碟或倒傘形表爆機(jī)實現(xiàn)的，其設(shè)備利用率低

12、、動力消耗大。微孔曝氣型Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)則采用了水下推流的方式，即把潛水推進(jìn)器葉輪產(chǎn)生的推動力直接作用于水體，在起推流作用的同時又可有效防止污泥的沉降。因此，采用潛水推進(jìn)器既降低了動力消耗，又使污水得到了充分地混合。5.2 Carrousel 3000系統(tǒng) Carrousel 3000系統(tǒng)是在Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)前再加上一個生物選擇區(qū)。該生物選擇區(qū)是利用高有機(jī)負(fù)荷篩選菌種，抑制絲狀菌的生長，提高各污染物的去除率，其后的工藝原理同Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)。 Carrousel 3000系統(tǒng)的較大提高表現(xiàn)在：一是增加了池深，可達(dá)7.58m，同心圓式，池壁共用，減

13、少了占地面積，降低造價同時提高了耐低溫能力；而是曝氣設(shè)備的巧妙設(shè)計，曝氣機(jī)下裝導(dǎo)流筒，抽吸缺氧的混合液，采用水下推進(jìn)器解決流速問題；三是使用了先進(jìn)的曝氣控制器qute.四是采用一體化設(shè)計，從中心開始，包括以下環(huán)狀連續(xù)工藝單元；進(jìn)水井和用于回流活性污泥的分水器；分別由四部分組成的選擇池和厭氧池。這之外是有三個曝氣器和一個預(yù)反硝化的Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng).五是圓型一體化的設(shè)計使得氧化溝不需要額外的管線，即可實現(xiàn)回流污泥在不同工藝單元的分配。6、 結(jié)論Carrousel氧化溝由于具有良好的除磷脫氮能力、抗擊負(fù)荷能力和運(yùn)營管理方便等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，已經(jīng)得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。但由于科技的發(fā)展和社會的進(jìn)步，該

14、工藝必將得到進(jìn)一步的提高。作者認(rèn)為：Carrousel氧化溝的未來研究方向主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面。1、 結(jié)合生物膜法，研究和開發(fā)生物模型Carrousel氧化溝。這樣不僅可以提高單位反應(yīng)器的微生物總量，從而提高有機(jī)負(fù)荷，而且生物膜本身具有的內(nèi)置A/O系統(tǒng)強(qiáng)化了脫氮效果。2、 不斷提高Carrousel氧化溝中微生物的活性。例如在氧化溝中投加EM專一菌種、投加鐵鹽使微生物馴化成生物鐵、投加活性炭增強(qiáng)菌膠團(tuán)的形成并提高耐毒性沖擊等。3、 提高Carrousel氧化溝設(shè)備性能和檢測技術(shù)。提高表曝機(jī)、水下推進(jìn)器的性能，減少維修工作量；利用DO、ORP等多目標(biāo)監(jiān)控技術(shù)及變頻技術(shù)是今后Carrousel氧

15、化溝科學(xué)運(yùn)行的必由之路。4、 提高Carrousel氧化溝的耐寒、耐讀性能，減少占地面積和工程造價。膜理論的應(yīng)用、深池水條件和工藝性能的研究為降低工程造價、提高耐寒耐毒性能等提供了可能的方向。Oxidize the ditch craft in dirty water handle of application and developmentSummary: This text expatiated primarily the Carrousel oxidizes the construction, craft mechanism of the ditch and circulate the

16、problem exsited in the process with the homologous the method of solution.Finally, introduce the Carrousel oxidize the latest research progress of the ditch and pointed out the future and main research direction.Key phrase: The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphor takes off the nitr

17、ogen construction mechanismApplication and Development of Carrousel Oxidation Ditch Process on Wastewater Treatment Abstract: The structure and the techniques of carrousel oxidation ditch process on nitrogen and phosphor removal are introduced in this paper. The problems inrunning and their correspo

18、nding resolvent are also pointed. At last, The authorshowed the up to date research improvement and the mainly future research dire-ction. Key words: Carrousel; oxidation ditch; nitrogen and phosphor removal; structure;techniques1. ForewordOxidize the ditch( oxidation ditch) again a continuous circu

19、lation spirit pond( Continuous loop reactor), is a live and dirty mire method a kind of to transform.Oxidizing the dirty water in ditch handles the craft be researched to manufacture by the hygiene engineering graduate school of Holland in the 50's of 20 centuries success.Since in 1954 at Dutch

20、throw in the usage for the very first time.Because its a water fluid matter good, circulate the stability and manage convenience etc. technique characteristics, already at domestic and international and extensive application in live the dirty water to is dirty to manage aqueously with the industry1.

21、Current application than oxidize extensively the ditch type include:The ( Pasveer) oxidizes the ditch, the ( Carrousel) oxidizes the ditch, ( Orbal) oxidizes the ditch, the type of T oxidizes the ditch( three ditch types oxidize the ditch), the type of DE oxidizes the ditch to turn to oxidize the di

22、tch with the integral whole.These oxidize the ditch because of the difference of esse in construction with circulating, therefore each characteristics2.This text will introduce construction, mechanism, existent problem and its latest developments that Carrousel oxidize ditches primarily.2. The Carro

23、usel oxidizes the construction of the ditchThe Carrousel oxidize the ditch to be researched to manufacture by Dutch DHV company development in 1967.Oxidize the last the company of DHV in foundation of the ditch in the original Carrousel to permited specially the company EIMCO to invent again with it

24、s patent in the United States Carrousel 2000 system( see the figure ), realizes the living creature of the higher request takes off the nitrogen with divided by the function of .There has been in the world up to now more than 850 Carrousels oxidize the ditch with the Carrousel 2000 system are circul

25、ating3.From diagram therefore, the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch the usage the spirit of that definite direction control with shake up the device, face to mix with the liquid deliver the level speed, from but make drive the liquid of admixture that shake up is in oxidize ditch shut match outlet circu

26、late flow.Therefore oxidize the ditch have the special hydraulics flows the , current complete mix with the characteristics of the type reactor, have the characteristics that push the flow type reactor again, the ditch inside exsits obviously of deliquescence oxygen density steps degree.Oxidizing th

27、e ditch cross section is rectangle or trapezoids, the flat surface shape is many for oval, the ditch internal water is deep general for 2.5 4.5 , the breadth is deep compare for 2:1, also have the deep water amount to 7 ms of, ditch inside average speed in water current is 0.3 ms/ s.Oxidize ditch sp

28、irit admixture equipments contain surface spirit machine, the spirit of turn to brush or turn the dish and shoot to flow the spirit machine, pipe type spirit machine with promote take care of type spirit machine etc., match with in recent years usage still contain underwater push machine46.3. The Ca

29、rrousel oxidizes the mechanism of the ditch3.1 The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch handles dirty and aqueous principleThe at the beginning common Carrousel oxidizes the dirty water in inside in craft of the ditch direct with dirty mire in reflux together enter oxidize the ditch system.The surface spiri

30、t machine makes fuse in the liquid of admixture the density of the oxygen DO increases about 2 the 3 mgs/ L.Under this kind of well the term of the oxygen , the microorganism gets the enough deliquescence oxygen comes and go to divided by the BOD;At the same time, the ammonia were too oxidized nitra

31、te with second nitrate, this time, mix with the liquid be placed in the oxygen appearance.In the spirit machine downstream, after water current be become by the swift flow appearance of the spirit District of even flow the appearance, the water current maintains in the minimum current velocity, guar

32、anteeing the live and dirty mire be placed in the floats the appearance.( average current velocity>0.3 ms/ s)Oxidize microbially the process consumed to fuse the oxygen in the water, until the value of DO declines for zero, mixing with the liquid report the anoxia appearance.Versa nitric that tur

33、n the function through anoxia area, mix with the liquid enter to have the oxygen area, completing once circulating.That system inside, the BOD declines the solution is a continuous process, the nitric turns the function to turn with the versa nitric the function take place in same pond.Because of st

34、ructural restrict, this kind of oxidize the ditch although can then valid whereabouts BOD, divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogenous ability limited7.For the sake of the acquisition better divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogenous result, Carrousel 2000 systems increased a oxygen D

35、istrict before common Carrousel oxidize ditch with the unique oxygen area.( call again that the versa nitric in front turns the area)The dirty mire in all refluxes enters the anaerobic District with 10-30% dirty water, can under the anoxia with 10-30% carbon source term complete remaining of dirty m

36、ire in reflux inside nitric acid nitrogen to versa nitric to turn, creates for the unique oxygen pond of hereafter unique oxygen term.At the same time, anaerobic District inside of concurrently the sex germs convert the dissolubility BOD VFA, the germ acquire the VFA its assimilation PHB, the energy

37、 source needed solves in the phosphoric water and cause phosphatic releasing.The anaerobic District a water enters the inner part installs the unique oxygen area that have the mixer, the so-called unique oxygen is a pond inside to mix with liquid since have no the numerator oxygen, also have no the

38、compound oxygen( nitric acid root), the here unique oxygen environment is next,70-90% dirty water can provide the enough carbon source, can make the germ of released the phosphorus well.The unique oxygen area connects behind the common Carrousel oxidizes the ditch system, further completing to do aw

39、ay with the BOD and take off the nitrogen with divided by the phosphorus .Finally, mix with the liquid transfer the dirty mire inside in oxidize ditch enrich oxygen area eject, while enriching the oxygen environment germ surfeit, phosphorus from the water, ejecting the system with the dirty mire in

40、surplus.Like this, in Carrousel 2000 systems, than completed to do away with the BOD, COD with take off at the same time goodly the nitrogen divided by the phosphorus .Synthesizing and dirty water in the river City , long sand City decontamination centers of the dirty the factory of water in the fir

41、st in Kunming of adoption that crafts handles the movement result of the factory therefore:Through Carrousel 2000 system after handling, the BOD, COD, SS does away with the rate to all come to a 90% above, the TN does away with the rate comes to a 80%, the TP does away with the rate to also come to

42、a 90%.3.2 The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphorus takes off the nitrogenous influence factor.Affecting the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphoric factor is dirty mire , nitrate density and quality densities primarily.The research expresses, being total and dirty

43、mire as 11% that a hour biggest phosphorus 4% with deal is its fuck dirty mire deal within live and dirty mire, keep for the the germ physical endowment measures, but when dirty mire over 15 d hour dirty mire the inside is biggest to contain the obvious descent in deal in phosphorus , canning not re

44、ach the biggest divideding by the result of phosphorus on the contrary.Therefore, prolong persistently the dirty mire ( for example 20ds,25ds,30ds) is to have no necessary, proper choose to use within the scope of 815 d.At the same time, high nitrate density with low quality density disadvantage in

45、divided by the process of phosphorus .Affecting the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch takes off the nitrogenous and main factor is DO, nitrate density and carbon source densities.The research expresses, oxidizing the ditch inside exsits deliquescence oxygen density steps degree namely the good oxygen are

46、a DO attains 33.5 mgs/ L, the anoxia area DO attains 00.5 mgs/ L is a prior condition to take place nitric turn reaction and versa nitrics turn the reaction.At the same time, ample carbon source and higher C/ the N ratio benefits to take off to complete nitrogenously7.4. The Carrousel oxidizes probl

47、em and solution methods of the ditch esse.Though the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch has a water fluid matter good, the anti- pounds at the burthen ability strong, divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogen efficiency. But, in physically of movement process, still exsits a series of problem.4.1 Di

48、rty mire inflation problemWhen discard the aquatic carbohydrate more, the N, P contains the unbalance of deal, the pH value is low, oxidizing the dirty mire in inside in ditch carries high, fuse the oxygen density the shortage, line up the mire not etc. causes easily dirty mire in germ in form in si

49、lk inflation;Not the dirty mire in germ in form in silk inflation takes place primarily at the waste water water temperature is lower but the dirty mire carries higher hour.The microbial burthen is high, the germs absorbed the large quantity nourishment material, is low because of the temperature, m

50、etabolism the speed is slower, accumulating the rises large quantity is high to glue sexual and many sugar materials, making the surface of the live and dirty mire adhere to the water to increase consumedly, SVI the value is very high, becoming the dirty mire inflation.Cause that aim at the dirty mi

51、re inflation, can adopt the different counterplan:From the anoxia, water temperature high result in of, can enlargement tolerance or lower into the water measures to alleviate burthen, or the adequacy lowers the MLSS( control dirty mire reflux measure), making need the oxygen measures decrease;If th

52、e dirty mire carries high, can increase MLSS, to adjust the burthen, necessity the hour can stop into the water, stuffy a period of time;Can pass the hurl add the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fatty, adjust the admixture nourishment in the liquid material equilibrium( BOD5:N:P=100:5:1);The value o

53、f pH over low, can throw to add the lime regulate;Bleach the powder with the liquid chlorin( press to fuck 0.3% of the dirty mire0.6% the hurl adds), can repress the silk form germ breed, controling the dirty mire in combinative water inflation11.4.2 Foam problemBecause entering to take the grease o

54、f large quantity in the water, handling system can't completely and availably its obviation, parts of greases enriches to gather in in the dirty mire, through turn to brush the oxygen agitation, creation large quantity foam;The mire is partial to long, the dirty mire is aging, and also easy crea

55、tion foam.Spray to pour the water or divided by with the surface the of do away with the foam, in common use divided by the an organism oil, kerosene, the oil of silicon, throw deal as 0.51.5 mgs/ L.Pass to increase dirty mire in pond in spirit in density or adequacies let up the tolerance of , also

56、 can control the foam creation effectively.When contain the live material in surface in the waste water more, separate with the foam easily and in advance method or other methods do away with.Also can consider to increase to establish a set of divideding by the oil device moreover.But enhance most i

57、mportantly the headwaters manage, reducing to contain the oil over the high waste water and other poisonous waste water of into12.4.3 Float the problem on the dirty mireWhen contain in the waste water the oil measures big, whole system mire quality become light, can't like to control very much i

58、n operate process its at two sink the pond stop over time, resulting in the anoxia easily, producing the corrupt and dirty mire ascend to float;When spirit time over long, take place in pond the high degree nitric turn the function, making nitrate density high, at two sink the versa nitric in easy o

59、ccurrence in pond turn the function, creation nitrogen spirit, make dirty mire ascend float;Moreover, contain the oil in the waste water?Take place the dirty mire ascend after floating should pause enter water, broke off or dirty mire in clearance, judge the clear reason, adjust the operation.The dirty mire sinks to decline the sex bad, can throw to add of oagulate or sloth materials, the improv