2013新人教版新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)1-10單元精析精煉

1、 9 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?短語(yǔ)：go on vacation stay at home go to the mountains go to the beach visit museums go to summer camp quite a few study for go out most of the time taste good have a good time of course feel like go shopping in the past walk around too many because of one bowl of

2、find out go on come up take photos something important up and down 語(yǔ)法：Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City.Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father.How was the food? Everything taste

3、d really good.Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everything was excellent.慣用法：1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 為某人買某物2. taste + adj. 嘗起來(lái)3. nothing .but + V.(原形) 除了之外什么都沒有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起來(lái)5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到達(dá)某地6. decide to do sth. 決定做某事7. try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 / try to

4、do sth. 盡力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 開始做某事11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起來(lái)13. dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事14. Why not do sth. 為什么不做.呢？15. so + adj + that + 從句 如此以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要） 做某事17. keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事18. forget to d

5、o sth. 忘記去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘記做過(guò)某事詞語(yǔ)辨析：anywhere 與 somewhere 兩者都是不定副詞。anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑問句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某處，到某處，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.2. seem + 形容詞 看起來(lái). You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems / seemed + 從句 看起

6、來(lái)好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea. 3. decide to do sth.決定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑問詞 + 動(dòng)詞不定式 He can not decide when to leave.4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 開始，可與begin 互換 。He started doing his homework. 但以下幾種情況不能用begin .創(chuàng)辦

7、，開辦： He started a new bllkshop last month.機(jī)器開動(dòng)： I cant start my car.出發(fā)，動(dòng)身： I will start tomorrow morning.5. over 介詞，多于，超過(guò)，在以上（表示數(shù)目、程度）= more than My father is over 40 years old.在之上，與物體垂直且不接觸，與 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard.超過(guò)： I hear the news over the radio. 遍及： I want to travel all o

8、ver the world.6. too many 太多，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.much too 太，修飾形容詞或副詞。 The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口訣： too much, much too, 用法區(qū)別看后頭： much 后接不可數(shù)， too 后修飾形或副。too

9、many 要記住，后面名詞必復(fù)數(shù)。7. because of 介詞短語(yǔ)，因?yàn)椋捎?，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 連詞，因?yàn)?，引?dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示直接明確的原因或理由。I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive. Unit 2 How often do you exercise?短語(yǔ)：help with housework go shopping on weekends how often hardly ever once a week t

10、wice a month go to the movies every day use the Internetbe free have dance and piano lessons swing dance play tennis stay up late at least go to bed early play sports be good for go campingin ones free time not.at all the most popular such as go to the dentist more than old habits die hard less than

11、 語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise.What do they do on weekends?They often help with housework.What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a month.How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches

12、 TV.Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping.慣用法：1. help sb. with sth 幫助某人做某事2. How about? .怎么樣？/ .好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事4. How many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ 一般疑問句 .有多少.5. 主語(yǔ)+ find+ that 從句 發(fā)現(xiàn)6. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是.的7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度過(guò)時(shí)光8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人詢問某事9. by doing sth

13、. 通過(guò)做某事10. Whats your favorite.? 你最喜歡的是什么？11 start doing sth. 開始做某事12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式詞語(yǔ)辨析：1. how often 多久一次，用來(lái)提問動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等詞語(yǔ)。How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多長(zhǎng)，用來(lái)詢問多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，也可詢問某物有多長(zhǎng)。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here

14、? How long is the ruler?how for 多遠(yuǎn)， 用來(lái)詢問距離，指路程的遠(yuǎn)近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.free 空閑的，有空的， 反義詞為 busy. be free 有空，閑著，相當(dāng)于 have time.Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 還可作“免費(fèi)的、自由的”解。be free to do sth. 自由地做某事。The tickets are free. Youre free to go or to s

15、tay.How come？ 怎么會(huì)？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有點(diǎn)想不通；可單獨(dú)使用，也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)問句， 相當(dāng)于疑問句 why, 但 how come 開頭的特殊疑問句使用的仍然是陳述語(yǔ)序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，遲睡”。Dont stay up late next time. stay up 指“熬夜，不睡覺”。 He stayed up all night to write his story.go to bed 強(qiáng)調(diào)“上床

16、睡覺”的動(dòng)作及過(guò)程，但人不一定睡著。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 強(qiáng)調(diào)“入睡，睡著，進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.find + 賓語(yǔ) +名詞, 發(fā)現(xiàn) ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.find + 賓語(yǔ) + 形容詞， 發(fā)現(xiàn)： He found the room dirty.find + 賓語(yǔ) + 現(xiàn)在分詞， 發(fā)現(xiàn) ： I found her standing at the door.percent 百分?jǐn)?shù)， 基數(shù)詞

17、 + percent： percent 沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)所修飾的名詞來(lái)判斷謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.more than 超過(guò)，多于，不僅僅， 相當(dāng)于 over. 在句型轉(zhuǎn)換中考查兩者的同義替換。反義詞組為：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.9. afraid 形容詞， 擔(dān)心的，害怕的，在句中作表語(yǔ)，不用在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。Im afraid

18、we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question.Im afraid + 從句， 恐怕， 擔(dān)心： Im afraid I have to go now.10. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的區(qū)別：sometimes 頻度副詞， 有時(shí)。表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的不經(jīng)常性，多與一

19、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，可位于句首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. -How often do you get up?sometime 副詞，某個(gè)時(shí)候。 表示不確切或不具體的時(shí)間，常用于過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，對(duì)它用疑問詞when.I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. -When will you go to Shanghai next week?some times 名詞詞組， 幾次，幾倍。其中time 是可數(shù)名詞，對(duì)它提問用how many times.I have read the story some times.

20、-How many times have you read the story?some time 名詞短語(yǔ)， 一段時(shí)間. 表示“一段時(shí)間”時(shí)，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，提問時(shí)用 How long.I ll stay here for some time. -How long will you stay here?t Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister句型：Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.Thats Tara, isnt it?Are yo

21、u as friendly as your sister?Im shy so its not easy for me to make friends.短語(yǔ)歸納：1. more outgoing 2. as.as.3. the singing competition 4. the most important5. be talented in music 6. the same as7. care about 8. be different from9. be like a mirror 10. as long as11. bring out 12. get better grade13. re

22、ach for 14. touch ones heart15. in fact16. make friends 17. be good at 18. the other 19. be similar to 20. be good with短語(yǔ)用法：1. have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的樂趣2. want to do sth. 想要做某事3. as + 形容詞或副詞的原級(jí) + as 與一樣4. be good at doing sth 擅長(zhǎng)做某事5. make sb. Do sth. 讓某人做某事6. Its+ 形容詞 + for sb. To do sth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)，做某

23、事是的 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)：Is Tom smarter than Sam?No,he isnt. Sam is smarter than Tom.Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.Are you a friendly as your sister? No, Im not. Im friendlier.Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does.Whos more hardworking at school? Tina thinks

24、she works harder than me.詞語(yǔ)辨析：laugh v. & n. 笑We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她說(shuō)了個(gè)笑話，我們都大聲笑起來(lái)。We all laughed at his joke. 聽了他的笑話我們都笑起來(lái)。He laughs best who laughs last. 誰(shuí)笑在最后，誰(shuí)笑得最好。/不要高興得太早。（與at連用）嘲笑Dont laugh at him. 別嘲笑他。People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人們常常嘲笑海員所講的故事。E

25、veryone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那種愚蠢的滑稽動(dòng)作。笑；笑聲 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我們被他的笑話逗得哈哈大笑。though conj. 雖然；縱然；即使；盡管 = althoughThough it was raining，he went there. 雖然當(dāng)時(shí)正下著雨，他還是到那里去了。Though he was poor he was happy. 雖然他很窮卻很快樂。注意：不能受漢語(yǔ)的影響，在though引導(dǎo)的從句后使用but。如：Though he was poor，but he wa

26、s happy.（誤）though adv. 不過(guò)，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗號(hào)隔開。Jim said that he would come, he didnt , though. 語(yǔ)法講解：根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. My brother is two years _(old)than me.2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yo

27、urs or hers? Hers is.6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class.8._ Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _. 9.Fangfang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls.10.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she). 11.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig?12.Wh

28、o gets up _(early),Tim or Tom? 13._the girls get up_(early) than the boys?No,they_.14. Jim runs _(slow). But Ben runs _(slow).15.The child doesnt_(write) as _(fast) as the students. Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater句型：It has the biggest screens.The DJs choose songs the most carefuuly.How do you li

29、ke it so far? 到目前為止，你認(rèn)為它怎么樣？Thanks forget telling me.Can I ask you some questions?短語(yǔ)：so far 到目前為止，迄今為止 no problem 沒什么，別客氣have.in common 有相同特征（想法、興趣等方面）相同 be up to 是.的職責(zé)all kinds of 各種各樣的 play a role 發(fā)揮作用，有影響make up 編造（故事、謊言等） for example 例如take .seriously 認(rèn)真對(duì)待 not everybody 并不是每個(gè)人close to 離.近 more a

30、nd more 越來(lái)越常用法：Can I ask you some. How do you like. 你認(rèn)為怎么樣Thanks fpr doing sth.What do you think of .much + 形容詞或副詞比較級(jí) .得多watch sb do sth 觀看某人做某事play a role in doing sth. 發(fā)揮做某事的作用one of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) .之一語(yǔ)法：Whats the best movie theater to go to ? Town Cinema. Its the closest to home. And you can buy tickets

31、 the most quickly there?Which is the worst clothes store in town? Dream Clothes. Its worse than Blue Moon. It has the worst service.What do you think of 970 AM? I think 970 AM is pretty bad. It has worst music. Unite 5 Do you want to a game show?短語(yǔ)：find out be ready to dress up take sb. place do a g

32、ood job think of game show learn from talk show soap opera go on watch a movie one of. watch a movie try ones best a pair of as famous as look like around the world have a discussion about one day such as a symbol of something enjoyable interesting information句型：-What do you think of talk shows?-I d

33、ont mind them.I hope to be a TV reporter one day.How about you?常用法：let sb. do sth. plan to do sth.hope to do sth. happen to do sth.expect to do sth. How about doingbe ready to do sth. try ones best to do sth.語(yǔ)法：Do you want to watch the news? Yes, I do . / No, I dont.What can you plan to watch tonigh

34、t? I plan to watch Days of Our Past.What do you expect to learn from sitcoms? You can learn some great jokes.Why do you like watching the news? Because I hope to find out whats going on around the world.1.the other, the others, other, others,another 辨析the other 表示特指兩個(gè)或者兩部份中的另一個(gè)或另一部分，可直接單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞。表示兩

35、個(gè)中的一個(gè)另一個(gè)時(shí)，常用one the other。例：He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.There are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys.the others 特指某一范圍內(nèi)的其他的（人或物），是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，相當(dāng)于the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 = any other + 名詞單數(shù)。例：You two stay here, the

36、 others go with me. Im different from Jeff because Im louder than the other kids (any other kid) in my class.other 作代詞或形容詞，可修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。例：We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects.others 作代詞，泛指“其他的人或物”。 例：Some students are doing homework,others are talking loudly.another 泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另

37、一個(gè)”，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。例：I dont like this one. Please show me another one. 3.find out 查明，弄清楚，find 找到 Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing.4. go on 發(fā)生，與 take place 同義I wonder what was going on. 翻譯：隔壁發(fā)生了什么？ happen v.發(fā)生，一般指偶然發(fā)生，主語(yǔ)為事，不能為人。Sth + happens to sb. A traffic accident happened to his e

38、lder brother yesterday.Sth + happens + 地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間，意為：某地/某時(shí)發(fā)生了某事An accident happened on Park Street.happen v，表示“碰巧”，主語(yǔ)可以是人，后常跟動(dòng)詞不定式to,表示“碰巧”.Sb + happens to do sth.I happened to see my uncle on the street.* take place 意為“發(fā)生，舉行，舉辦”，一般指非偶然性事件的“發(fā)生”，即這種事件的發(fā)生一定有某種原因或事先的安排。例：Great changes have taken place in Ch

39、ina.The meeting will take place next Friday.expect v. 期待，盼望，預(yù)期，后常接四種結(jié)構(gòu)：1)expect + 名詞/代詞，期待某事/某人，預(yù)計(jì)可能發(fā)生。Im expecting Li Lins letter.2)expect to do sth. 預(yù)計(jì)做某事Lily expects to come back next week.3)expect sb. to do sth.I expect my mother to come back early.4)expect + 從句 預(yù)計(jì)I expected that Ill come back n

40、ext Monday.7. serious a. 嚴(yán)肅的，認(rèn)真的。 He is a serious man.be serious about sb/sth. 對(duì)某人/某事當(dāng)真Peter is serious about Jenny. He wants to get married to her.be serious about doing sth. 對(duì)某事當(dāng)真 _Hes serious about selling his house.Unit 6 Im going to study computer science短語(yǔ)：grow up every day be sure about make

41、sure sendto be able to the meaning of different kinds of in common the meaning of at the beginning of write down have to do withtake up hardly ever tooto短語(yǔ)用法：want to do sth. be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形practice doing sth. keep on doing sth.learn to do sth. finish doing sthpromise to do sth. help sb. to do sth

42、.remember to do sth. agree to do sth.love to do sth.be going to 的用法be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形表示將來(lái)的打算、計(jì)劃或安排。常與表示將來(lái)的tomorrow, next year等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。各種句式變換都借助be 動(dòng)詞完成，be隨主語(yǔ)有am, is, are 的變換，going to 后接動(dòng)詞原形?？隙ň洌?主語(yǔ) + be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他。He is going to take the bus there.否定句： 主語(yǔ) + be not going to + 動(dòng)

43、詞原形 + 其他 Im not going to see my friends this weekend.一般疑問句： Be + 主語(yǔ) + going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他 肯定回答： Yes, 主語(yǔ) + be. 否定回答： No, 主語(yǔ) + be not.Are you going to see your friends this weekend? Yes ,I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問句： 疑問詞 + be + 主語(yǔ) + going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他？What is he going to do this weekend? When are you g

44、oing to see your friends?2) 如果表示計(jì)劃去某地，可直接用 be going to + 地點(diǎn)We are going to Beijing for a holiday.3) 表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如go , come, leave 等常用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)。The bus is coming. My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week.4) be going to 與 will 的區(qū)別： 對(duì)未來(lái)事情的預(yù)測(cè)用“ will + 動(dòng)詞原形”表達(dá)，will 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，變否定句要在will 后面加not, 也可用will 后面加 no

45、t,或者縮略式wont, 變一般疑問句將will 提至 句首。Will planes be large in the future? Yes, they will. / No, they wont.will 常表示說(shuō)話人相信或希望要發(fā)生的事情，而be going to 指某事肯定發(fā)生，常表示事情很快就要發(fā)生。 I believe Lucy will be a great doctor. 陳述將來(lái)的某個(gè)事實(shí)用will. I will ten years old next year.表示現(xiàn)在巨大將來(lái)要做的事情用 will.Im tired I will go to bed. 表示意愿用will.I

46、ll tell you the truth. 表示計(jì)劃、打算要做的事情用 be going to, 而不 1 promise vt. 保證，許諾。有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：1)promise to do sth. _My mother promised to buy a piano for me.2)promise sb. sth. _My aunt promised me a bike.3)promise + that 從句_ Tom promises that he can return on mise n. 允諾， 諾言Lily is a dishonest girl. She nev

47、er keeps a promise.2.when 與 while 的區(qū)別：when 表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”，既指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，又指一段時(shí)間，when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性的也可以是延續(xù)性的。When the teacher came in, the students were talking.When she arrives, Ill call you.while 表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”，僅指一段時(shí)間，從句中的動(dòng)作必須是延續(xù)性的，一般強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生， while 還可以作并列連詞，意為“ 而、卻”，表示對(duì)比關(guān)系。Lisa was singing while her mother was

48、 playing piano.Tom is strong while his younger brother is week. 3. practice vt. 練習(xí)， 后接名詞，代詞或v-ing 作賓語(yǔ)。Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room.常跟v-ing 作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：考慮建議盼原諒：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon.承認(rèn)推遲沒得想： admit, delay/put off, fancy.避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練：avoid, miss, kee

49、p/keep on, practice.否認(rèn)完成能欣賞： deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate.不禁介意與逃亡： cant help , mind, escape.不準(zhǔn)冒險(xiǎn)憑想象： forbid, risk, imagine.4. everyday 與 every day 區(qū)別everyday adj. 每天的 在句中作定語(yǔ)，位于名詞前。 This is our everyday homework.every day 副詞短語(yǔ)， 在句中作狀語(yǔ)，位于句首或句末。 He reads books every day. Unit 7 Will people have robo

50、ts?短語(yǔ)：on computers on paper live to be 200 years old free time in danger on the earth play a part in sth space stationlook for computer programmer in the future huandreds of the sameas over and over again get bored wake up look like fall down用法：will + 動(dòng)詞原形 將要做 fewer/more + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 更少/更多l(xiāng)ess/more + 不可

51、數(shù)名詞 更少/更多 try to do sth. 盡力做某事have to do sth 不得不做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意見such + 名詞（詞組） 如此 play a part in doing sth 參與做某事make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 help sb with sth 幫助某人做某事There will be + 主語(yǔ) + 其他 將會(huì)有. There is/are + sb. + doing sth 有正在做It is + 形容詞 + for sb + to do sth 做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)的語(yǔ)法：What will the future be like? Cities will be more polluted. And there will be fewer trees.Will people use money in 100 years? No, they wont. Everything will be free.Will there be world peace? Yes, I hope so.Kids will stuffy at home on computers. They wont go to school. 詞語(yǔ)辨析：1. every 與