蘇教版初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)短語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)短語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a.,every.用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，第一、二人稱復(fù)數(shù)后跟動(dòng)詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)后跟動(dòng)詞加's'/'es'。2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment .用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)是be (am, is, are) +v-ing3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段時(shí)間, some day, next.用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)：will

2、+ v原 / be going to +v原（沒有動(dòng)詞用be ）4、如有yesterday, .ago , last.just now.用一般過去時(shí)動(dòng)詞加edgive sb Sth.=give sth to sb給某人某物 every day每天 write (it/them) down sth寫下;記下 everyday每天的;日常的how/what about doing sth做.怎么樣 each other 互相thanks a lot= thank you very much非常謝謝回答:That's all right=You're welcome=That'

3、;OK= Not at allWhy don't you/why not +V原 為什么不help sb with sth在某方面幫助別人 help sb（to)do sth幫某人做某事 with one's help=with the help of sb在某人的幫助help oneself to sth請(qǐng)自用食物watch sb do sth看到某人做了某watch sb doing sth.看到某人正在做某事 （see, hear類似）remember to do sth記得要做某事 remember doing sth記得做過某事forget to do sth忘記要做

4、某事 forget doing sth忘記做過某事welcome back歡迎回來(lái) new/this/next/last term新/這/下/上學(xué)期 give you some advice給你一些建議 make a mistake/mistakes犯錯(cuò)誤correct spelling正確的拼 what else?=what other things? 還有什么a piece of advice 一條建議 follow /take one's advice采用別人的建議send sth to sb=send sb sth寄給某人 send for派人去請(qǐng)/取 send up發(fā)射 al

5、l the time一直enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun 玩得愉快lots of =a lot of =many(可數(shù))/much(不可數(shù)) 許多sb spend some time on sth 某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事sb spend some time (in) doing sth 某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事sb spend some money on sth 某人花費(fèi)錢買某物sb spend some money (in) buying sth 某人花費(fèi)錢買某物 sth cost sb some money 某物花去某

6、人錢sb pay some money for sth 某人支付錢It takes(took) sb some time to do sth 做某事花去某人時(shí)間 ask for 請(qǐng)求;要求 ask sb for sth向某人要某物ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 a piece of一塊enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事 finish,practise,mind,miss,consider,keep,continue這些詞語(yǔ)后跟動(dòng)名詞形式v+ing place sth in=put sth in 把某物放在里面 else常修飾不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞或副詞，也可修飾all, m

7、uch,little等，else要位于其后。所有格為else's。else修飾不定代詞時(shí)放后。(something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody,who, what,when,where)take a deep breath深呼吸 catchhold one's breath屏住呼吸 out of breath上氣不接下氣 wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事 the number of 的數(shù)目，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用三單a number of =many大量，許多后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式(

8、a large number of;a small number of)invite sb to do sth 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 find it+ adj to do sth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣 try to do sth盡力做事 try doing sth. 嘗試做某事try not to do sth盡力不做某事 try one's best盡某人最大的努力a group of 一組;一群 borrow sth from sb.從某人處借入某物lend sth to sb=lend sb sth借給某人某物 keep a time借一段時(shí)間practice doing sth 練習(xí)做做某

9、事 come from=be from來(lái)自look for 尋找 look after=care for=take care of照顧look up 向上看;查閱 look like看起來(lái)像look at 看著 look on sb as把某人看作look forward to doing sth盼望;期待做某事 look over檢查;翻閱look out當(dāng)心;向外看 look through仔細(xì)查看be ready for =get ready for=prepare for為 be ready準(zhǔn)備好be (get ) ready to do sth準(zhǔn)備做某事;樂意做某事 translat

10、einto 將譯成take a message捎個(gè)信 leave a message留個(gè)信be good for 對(duì)有好處 be good at =do well in擅長(zhǎng)于be poor at=be bad at=do badly in=be weak in不擅長(zhǎng) think of想起think about想出 think over仔細(xì)考慮四說(shuō):1 speak說(shuō)語(yǔ)言 2 say說(shuō)內(nèi)容 3 talk與誰(shuí)說(shuō) 4 tell告訴;講述四看:1 watch觀看電視、比賽和表演 2 see看人、電影、醫(yī)生、風(fēng)景3 read看書、報(bào) 4 look就看 看場(chǎng)電影要用see，讀書看報(bào)用read，電視、戲劇、比

11、賽，凡是表演用watch、observe細(xì)心觀察，一時(shí)注意用notice。make+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(adj)使某人某物怎么樣 make+賓語(yǔ)+do讓某人做某事make+賓語(yǔ)+過去分詞 使某人被怎么樣 make friends with sb與某人交朋友hear of聽說(shuō) hear from收到某人的來(lái)信 be bad for對(duì)有害it is+adj(of sb)to do sth (某人)做某事怎么樣 It is+adj for sb to do sth write to 給寫信 next to 在旁邊do some concerts辦音樂會(huì) speak to sb和某人講話say hello

12、to sb 給某人問好 say bye to sb 向某人說(shuō)再見show sb around somewhere帶某人參觀某地 learn sth from sb向某人學(xué)習(xí)choose the correct answers選擇正確答案 correct the mistakes改錯(cuò)match with把和搭配起來(lái)提建議：1 why don't you do sth?=why not do sth? 2 How about doing sth?=what about doing sth? 3 You should /can do sth 4 can you do sth? 5 Let&#

13、39;s do sth 6 It'sa good idea to do 7 would you like to do ? 8 Shall we do 9 You'd better (not )do sth回答:Thats a good idea/Thanks a lot/Great/OK/thats right/All right/Good idea/Sure現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 1 表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,常與recently,ever,never,already,yet,just,before,still連用2 表示發(fā)生在過去并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與f

14、or+時(shí)間段或since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用。結(jié)構(gòu)：have(has)+過去分詞eg：get into=enter進(jìn)入 what's the price of=how much is 問價(jià)格dream about夢(mèng)到 around the world=all over the world全世界 dream of 夢(mèng)見 take off 脫下；起飛 land on/in/at 著陸stay with sb與某人在一起 stay at home呆在家里 stay in bed呆在床上take a seat=have a seat請(qǐng)坐 work out a problem解決一個(gè)問題fly to=g

15、o to .by plane(by air)坐飛機(jī) all over China全中國(guó)drive to =go to by car開車 walk to =go toon foot步行去at the end 在結(jié)束時(shí) at the end of在盡頭/結(jié)尾 sell out 賣光have been to去過（現(xiàn)在不在那兒 have gone to 去了（現(xiàn)在不在說(shuō)話地）everyday English日常英語(yǔ) before long不久 first price一等獎(jiǎng)The most exciting experience最激動(dòng)人心的經(jīng)歷 before long不久long before=soon

16、=a little later很久以前 no problem沒問題have a problem in doing sth做某事有困難 come ture實(shí)現(xiàn)invite sb to do sth,邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 one day 某一天（過去或?qū)?lái)）invite sb to some place邀請(qǐng)某人去某地 some day某一天（將來(lái)）連系動(dòng)詞：一是be (am, is ,are ,was ,were)；一感覺feel；一保持keep；三變become,get，turn；四起來(lái)taste,smell，look, sound后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。不定代詞：somebody、some one某人 a

17、nybody、anyone任何人nobody、noone沒人 everyone、everybody每個(gè)人 something某物 anything任何物 nothing沒事 everything一切事物，修飾他們的形容詞放后。different kinds of =all kinds of 不同種類的；各種各樣的by the end of 到末為止；不遲于give a concert=give concerts舉辦音樂會(huì)in the end =finally 最后；終于take a photo=take photos照相 cook sth for sb=cook sb sth 為某人做飯 （b

18、uy,make的用法類似）such+a/an+adj+單數(shù)名詞=so+adj+a/an+單數(shù)名詞 (名前such，形副so，多多少少也用so,little屬特殊，“小”用such,少用so) 交通工具的乘坐 take the/a+交通工具（to+地點(diǎn)）=goby+交通工具=go.on /in+a(the)+交通工具(小汽車只能用in,自行車只能用on,其余的都可用in和on); walk to some where=go to.on foot fly to somewhere.=go .by planeride to somewhere=go.by bike drive to somewher

19、e=go to by cara kind of一種 be kind to sb對(duì)某人友善 since then從那時(shí)起take off 脫下 reckon=consider =regard =think考慮；認(rèn)為be reckoned (to be) 被以為 reckon.as. 相當(dāng)于regard .as.把當(dāng)成 in the photo,在照片里travel abroad,到國(guó)外旅行 go abroad,出國(guó) be abroad,在國(guó)外sell out 賣光 sell to 賣給某人 sell well賣得好四個(gè)也： also 表肯定意義,be 后行前 too表肯定意義,用于句末eithe

20、r 表示否定意義,用于句末 as well 表肯定意義,用于句末go to sleep去睡覺 the price of sth某物的價(jià)格（形容價(jià)格用high,low）sell sth at a high/low price以高/低價(jià)出 have a wonderful time 玩得高興would like to do sth=want to do sth 想要做某事would like sb to do sth=wat sb to do sth想要某人做某事already早已，用于完成時(shí)的肯定;yet用于完成時(shí)的否定和疑問;just用于完成時(shí)just now=a moment ago用于過去

21、時(shí)arrive at (小地方)/in(大地方)=reach=get to 到達(dá)bring從外往里拿；take ,從里往外拿；carry無(wú)方向；fetch往返拿more than=over 多于 less than少于 alone,個(gè)體單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自lonely孤獨(dú)、寂寞；也表示荒涼 most of. .的大多數(shù)a visit to 對(duì)的參觀 on a visit to參觀 for a visit 參觀pay a visit to拜訪 asas和一樣 not as/soas不如so that如此以致于如果that后是否定,就可以用tooto轉(zhuǎn)換,如果是肯定就用adj+enough(for sb)t

22、o do sthbe famous for 因面著名 be famous as以而著名prefer doing sth to doing sth=like doing sth better than doing sth更喜歡做某事 prefer to 更喜歡 space station在太空站prefer to do sth rather than do sth寧愿做某事而不愿做某事return from a visit to 從訪問返回 be named after 以的名字命名be proud of 以自豪 be up to sb由某人決定 up to 從事于、忙于show sth to

23、sb=show sb sth把某物給某人看 on business出差在.的上面 1 over在某物上面、正上方,中間有段空間,反義為under2 on 在某物上面,貼著物表,反義beneath3 above在某物上方,高出,反義belowin the sky=in the air在天空中 by air=by plane坐飛機(jī)in the last three years在過去三年里,用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)none 用于三個(gè)及三個(gè)以上的全否定，反義為allneither兩個(gè)都不，反義為boththe lastest news最新消息 share sth with sb與某人分享某物get on/alo

24、ng with sb與某人相處 get on well with sb與某人相處融洽hear about；hear of 聽說(shuō) in fact實(shí)際上 the Hope Schools希望學(xué)校look after=take care of=care for照顧 drop out of school綴學(xué)take part in參加pay for支付 how long 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間 how soon多久get on badly with ,與.相處不好hear from sb.收到某人的信,電子郵件等 on the farm 在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上in the last+一段時(shí)間、in th past+一段時(shí)間、in

25、 the recent+一段時(shí)間。這三個(gè)用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)because of因?yàn)?sell sth to sb=sell sb sth把某物賣給某人buy sth from sb從某人買到某物 buy sth for sb 給某人買東西get an education接受教育 take part in=join參加in good/bad health身體健康/不健康 care about關(guān)心,在乎take care 當(dāng)心 how often隔多久一次 stop doing sth停止做某事stop to do sth.停下來(lái)去做某事 dress /undressr+人put on/wear/ta

26、ke off+衣物 drop out 退出 drop in 順便來(lái)訪drop out of school 退學(xué) point at 指著 point to 指向put on one's clothes穿上衣服 at home and abroad在國(guó)內(nèi)外with the help of sb=wiht sbs help 在某人的幫助下without the help of sb無(wú)人幫助某人非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檠永m(xù)動(dòng)詞：buy-get/have open-be open join-be in borrowkeep die-be deadleave-be away come here-be he

27、re go there-be there begin-be onfinish-be over make friends-be friends get ready-be readyarrive/get to/reach/come-be in/be at/stay put on-have on/wearget up-be up可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不可以與for 或since 連用，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定式可以和for /since連用.other其他的，另外的，別的 another另一個(gè)人或事物the other兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè) the others其余的，剩下的人或事物others其他的，另外的，別的人或物o

28、n earth 究竟、到底，可用在when,what,who,where,how,which,why 等之后，相當(dāng)于in the world,用在否定句中相當(dāng)于notat alla fan of sb某人的迷 give a concert =give concerts舉行音樂會(huì)sb at the age of=when sb wasyears old 某人在某歲的時(shí)候not onlybut also不僅而且(就近原則) classical music古典音樂 belong to屬于 sth belong to sb物屬于人across 從一定范圍內(nèi)的一邊到另一邊，在表面進(jìn)行；through從中

29、間通過或穿過,在里面進(jìn)行;over上方通過,不接觸表面;take sb around帶某人四處走 go through I'm（not）sure.我(不)確定make sb+adj使某人怎么樣 make sb do sth使某人做某事a piece of music一首樂曲 hear of 聽說(shuō) in addition to 除以外go on with sth繼續(xù)做某事 be born出生 go on doing sth繼續(xù)做某事die of 患而死,常接hunger,cold,illness,cancer內(nèi)部原因die from由于而死,常接a wound ,an accident,

30、carelessness外部原因learn to do sth學(xué)做某事 learn from sb向某人學(xué)習(xí)Learnby heart熟記 learn one's lesson from 從中吸取教訓(xùn)反意疑問句1先斷"定",判斷是否定或肯定,如有not,never,few,little,hardly, no,nobody,seldom,nothing等詞,則是否定,后面該用肯定。2 后找"動(dòng)",觀察前面的動(dòng)詞,若含有或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞直接用,若為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形,用do,三單用does,過去式用did,had better用had。3 換代,主語(yǔ)定代詞,三單

31、用he,she,it,復(fù)數(shù)用they we。somebody、nobody類似的用they,和thing一起的用。4肯定祈使句，反問句部分可用will you /won't you ？否定祈使句，用will you？5 Let's.用shall we? let us.用will you?6 在think,believe,suppose+從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，疑問句部分與從句保持一致，同時(shí)主句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到從句中，但第二、三人稱與主句保持一致。eg：I don't think you have done it ,have you? He doesn't think you h

32、ave done it ,does he?即：當(dāng)主句人稱是一，從句是二時(shí)，看二；當(dāng)主句是三時(shí)，就看三。7 回答只針對(duì)事實(shí)作答;Yes+肯定,No+否定。give sb sth=give sth to sb 給某人某物 give a way to 對(duì).讓步give up doing sth 放棄 give out 分發(fā) give in投降on the earth在地球上 bothand 既又（就近原則）neithernot 既不又不(就近原則) eitheror要么要么may be可能是 maybe=perhaps大概 In addition to除以外=besidesbut 除之外，常與否定意

33、義詞連用,當(dāng)but前有do時(shí)but后接原形, except,除.之外(不包括)on holiday度假 of course=sure當(dāng)然 all types of各種part time job一份兼職工作 on one's own獨(dú)自 be led by由帶領(lǐng)過去進(jìn)行時(shí): 1 表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或正存在的狀態(tài)，一般常和at that time,at yesterday,then,last night,this time yesterday ,the whole morning,when I arrived 等特定的過去時(shí)間連用。2 表示一個(gè)過去動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)或發(fā)生之后,另一個(gè)動(dòng)

34、作正在進(jìn)行或兩個(gè)延續(xù)性過去的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行,常與when,while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+V-ing go on繼續(xù) go on doing sth繼續(xù)做某事(同一件事)go on to do sth 繼續(xù)做某事(另一件事) go on with sth繼續(xù)做同一件事,但中間暫停過How is it going ?=How are you getting on/along?近況如何? by the river在河邊 at this time yesterday 昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候in a tree=in the tree在樹上(外來(lái)物)on a tree =on the t

35、ree在樹上(樹本身的) smile at sb. 朝著某人微笑laugh at sb嘲笑某人 fall into 掉進(jìn)、跌入 fall off 掉下來(lái)fall behind 落后、跟不上 fall in love with愛上 be careful 小心by mistake由于出錯(cuò) at taht /this time在那/這時(shí)have nothing to do 沒事可做 nothing strange沒什么奇怪的take sth out of 把某物從拿出來(lái) happen to do sth碰巧做某事感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,watch,feel,notice,smell,taste后+

36、名詞或代詞+動(dòng)詞原形(表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)后+名詞或代詞+Ving(表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)under the hedge在樹籬下面 go down下去 think about 考慮think of想起，認(rèn)為 think over仔細(xì)考慮 think out想出think hard 努力想、努力思考 What happened to sb?某人發(fā)生了什么事？be on 上演 go off熄滅、停英語(yǔ)中當(dāng)幾個(gè)單數(shù)人稱同時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，先后順序是“二、三、一”notuntil直到才(主句中常用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)till/until直到為止(主句中常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)something wrong with 出了毛病 lie in bed 躺在床上jump out of sth 從某物跳出來(lái)on one's way to someplace 在某人去某地的路上on