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1、Units 2122Body languageA world of fun 問(wèn)題二：推理判斷題常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題問(wèn)題描述與分析推理判斷是指在理解原文字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)對(duì)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系的分析和細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，作出一定的判斷和推理，從而得出文章的深層意義及隱含意義的過(guò)程。學(xué)生在此類(lèi)問(wèn)題上失分較多，主要是無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確找到答案的位置點(diǎn)，很難進(jìn)行正確推理。典例精析：【例1】 (2009·全國(guó)卷C篇)We have met the enemy, and he is ours.We bought him at a pet shop.When monkey­pox，a disease.usually fo

2、und in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest its hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings. “Most of the infections (感染)we think of as human infections started in other animals”， says Stephen Morse.director

3、 of the Center for Public Health Preparedness at Columbia University.Its not just that were going to where the animals are; were also bringing them closer to us. Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country. A strange illness killed Isaksens pets and she now thinks that keep

4、ing foreign pets is a bad idea. “I dont think its fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them, ”says Isaksen.“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing，”says Peter Schantz. Monkey­pox may be the wake

5、73;up call. Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners. We know very little about these new diseases. A new bug(病毒)may be kind at first.But it may develop into something harmful(有害的). Monkey­pox doesnt look a major infectious disease. But it is not impossible to pass the disea

6、se from person to person. (D)1.We learn from Paragraph l that the pet sold at the shop may _.Acome from ColumbiaBprevent us from being infectedCenjoy being with childrenDsuffer from monkey­pox(A)2.The text suggests that in the future we _.Amay have to fight against more new diseasesBmay easily

7、get infected by diseases from dogsCshould not be allowed to have petsDshould stop buying pets from Africa【答案解析】1選擇D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的第一、二句話可知，我們從寵物商店購(gòu)買(mǎi)的動(dòng)物身上攜帶疾病，能傳播給人類(lèi)。下面以猴痘為例說(shuō)明作者的觀點(diǎn)。2選擇A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后兩句A new bug may be kind at first.But it may develop into something harmful. Monkey­pox doesnt loo

8、k a major infectious disease.But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person可知，人類(lèi)今后可能面臨更多疾病的挑戰(zhàn)?！纠?】 (2009·山東卷A篇)A year ago August, Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan. His wife, Gerrie, was still working in the local school cafeteria, b

9、ut work for Dave was scarce, and the price of everything was rising. The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years. Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift$7,000，a legacy (遺產(chǎn)) from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch, who died in an accid

10、ent. “It really made a difference when we were going under financially.”says Dave.But the Fusses werent the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the HatchesDozens of other families were touched by the Hatches.generosity. In some cases, it was a few

11、thousand dollars; in others，it was more than $100,000.It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money, more than $3 millionthey were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm.Children of the Great Depression，Ish and Arlene were known for their ha

12、bit of saving.They thrived on (喜歡) comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store, checking prices before making a new purchase.Through the years, the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldnt afford it. “Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed

13、 anything，” says their friend Sandy Van Weelden, “They could see things they could do to make you happier，and they would do themEven more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed. It was the Hatches wish that their legacya legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cen

14、tsshould enrich the whole community (社區(qū)) and last for generations to come.Neighbors helping neighborsthat was Ish and Arlene Hatchs story.(B)1.Why would the Hatches routinely go from store to store?AThey decided to open a storeBThey wanted to save moneyCThey couldnt afford expensive thingsDThey want

15、ed to buy gifts for local kids (A)2.According to Sandy Van Weelten, the Hatches were _AunderstandingBoptimisticCchildlikeDcurious【答案解析】1選擇B。推理判斷題。第四段提到他們有節(jié)約的習(xí)慣，買(mǎi)東西前喜歡一個(gè)商店一個(gè)商店地比較價(jià)格，顯然是為了省錢(qián)，所以答案為B。其他各項(xiàng)明顯與文意不符。2選擇A。從第五段Sandy Van Weelden的話可推知，the Hatches從來(lái)不問(wèn)你需要什么，而是能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)你需要的東西，然后就來(lái)幫助你，這說(shuō)明他們非常善解人意，所以A項(xiàng)正確，

16、其他選項(xiàng)均不符合文意?！纠?】 (2009·陜西卷D篇)Every year about 80,000 people worldwide travel as air couriers. The number of tickets for courier travel is growing by about 10 percent a year. However, air­courier travel isnt for everyone. But if you have very little money, can be flexible(靈活的) about your tra

17、vel plans, and dont mind wearing the same clothes for a week, it can be a great way to take a vacation!(A)One of the disadvantages of traveling as an air courier is that he _Acannot decide when and where to travelBcannot take any luggage with himChas to wear two pairs of jeansDsaves little money fro

18、m the travel【答案解析】 選擇A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句可知這個(gè)旅行計(jì)劃隨意性、靈活性很大，所以本題選A?！纠?】 (2009·重慶卷A篇)I was waiting for a phone call from my agent. He had left a message the night before, telling me that my show was to be cancelled. I called him several times, but each time his secretary told me that he was in a meet

19、ing and that he would call me later. So I waited and waited, but there was still no call. Three hours passing by, I became more and more impatient. I was certain that my agent didnt care about my work, and he didnt care about me. I was overcome with that thought. I started to shout at the phone, “Le

20、t me wait, will you? Who do you think you are？”(B)Why did the author shout at the telephone? AHe was mad at the telephone.BHe was angry with his agent.CHe was anxious about his wife.DHe was impatient with the secretary【答案解析】 選擇B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中第一句內(nèi)容可知，我給經(jīng)紀(jì)人多次打電話都沒(méi)有打通，等了三個(gè)小時(shí)之后還要繼續(xù)等，我認(rèn)為這是經(jīng)紀(jì)人不關(guān)心我的工作，不在乎我的感受

21、，最終導(dǎo)致了我情緒的爆發(fā)?！纠?】 (2009·安徽卷C篇)Sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. For example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfaces. One way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. But why go to all that trouble when cities

22、are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt (柏油) roads?Ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt, a Dutch engineer. He finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. The result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that rel

23、ies on the surface of the road outside.The heat­collector is a system of connected water pipes. Most of them run from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. Some, however, dive deep into the ground.When the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the p

24、ipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer (蓄水層) into which several heat exchangers (交換器) have been built. The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warning the ground­water, before returni

25、ng to the surface through another pipe. The aquifer is thus used as a heat store.In winter, the working system is changed slightly. Water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. After performi

26、ng that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice. (D)1.Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?AArian de Bondt got his idea from his boss.BLarge, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities.CThe Dutch engineers s

27、ystem has been widely used.DHeat can also be collected from asphalt roads.(D)2.For what purpose are the diving pipes used?ATo absorb heat from the sun.BTo store heat for future use.CTo turn solar energy into heat energy.DTo carry heat down below the surface.(B)3.From the last paragraph we can learn

28、that _Asome pipes have to be re­arranged in winterBthe system can do more than warming up the buildingCthe exchangers will pick up heat from the street surfaceDless heat may be collected in winter than in summer.【答案解析】 1.選擇D。推測(cè)判斷題。由文章第二段最后一句內(nèi)容可以得出“可以從外面的柏油馬路上收集熱量”。2選擇D。推測(cè)判斷題。由文章第四段中“water pumpe

29、d through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes.”內(nèi)容得出答案。3選擇B。推測(cè)判斷題。由文章最后一段最后一句“it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice.”內(nèi)容可知，這一系統(tǒng)不只是給樓房加熱，它還要使馬路上的冰雪消融。解決方案與指南1常用提問(wèn)方式為：(1) It can be inferred that _.(2)Wh

30、ich of the following conclusions can we draw/come to according to the passage?(3)We can conclude from the passage that _.(4)According to the passage, we can infer that _.(5)The passage implies, but doesnt directly state that _.(6)The tone of the passage is _.(7)The author of the article is probably a _.(8)The writer suggests that _.(9)We can infer from the article that _.(10)What is the writers attitude toward _？2解題方法(1)抓住特定信息逆向或正向推理。做此類(lèi)試題要善于抓住某一段話中的關(guān)鍵信息，即某些關(guān)鍵詞或短語(yǔ)去分析、推理、判斷，利用逆向思維或正向推理，推斷出這句話所隱含的深層含義。(2)整合全文(段)信息合理