八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè) 如何學(xué)好賓語從句-資料及導(dǎo)學(xué)案 人教新目標(biāo)版

1、如何學(xué)好賓語從句？一、賓語從句的概念與位置：所謂賓語從句是指在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語的句子，賓語從句緊隨在主句動(dòng)詞、介詞、間接賓語或形容詞之后。1）動(dòng)詞之后：he says that he cant come tomorrow.2)介詞之后：she isnt interested in what he is doing.3）間接賓語之后:can you tell me who he is?4）形容詞之后:im afraid he is ill.二、賓語從句的連詞1）賓語從句為陳述句。由that引導(dǎo)，這時(shí)that沒有詞義，只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語或非正式文體中常常省略。eg. he say

2、s, “i am american.” he says (that) he is 15years old.she said , “she wants to go home .” she said (that) she wanted to go home. 2）賓語從句為一般疑問句時(shí)，由連詞if或whether引導(dǎo)eg . has he been to japan? do you know?do you know if/whether he has been to japan? can you help me? he asked me.he asked me if/whether i could

3、 help him.3）賓語從句為特殊疑問句時(shí)，由連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)，這時(shí)連詞有詞義，且在賓語從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，常見的連接代詞有：what, who, whom, whose, which;連接副詞有:when, where, how, why, how many, how much, how old, how long etc.eg. what are they doing? can you tell us?can you tell us what they are doing?（在賓語從句中作賓語）whose pencil is this? we dont know we dont

4、know whose pencil this is.（whose在賓語從句中作pencil的定語并與pencil一起作表語）who was the tallest in our class? she asked. she asked who was the tallest in our class.（作主語）when does the train arrive? we dont know.we dont know when the train arrives.（作時(shí)間狀語）how can i get to the post office? please tell meplease tell m

5、e how i can get to the post office. （作方式狀語）how old is she? do you know?do you know how old she is?（作表語)三、賓語從句的語序陳述句語序：主句+連接詞+陳述句語序的句子賓語從句四、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)：和主句一致1、當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，可用所需的任何時(shí)態(tài)，如：lily has gone to beijing.i hear (that) jim arrived two days ago.she will go there by plane.2、當(dāng)主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語從句

6、的時(shí)態(tài)受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，一般只能用表示過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，即：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)1) she said,“we hope so.” she said（that） they hoped so.2) jean said, “he will go to see his friend.” jean said he would go to see his friend.3) she said, “i told her the news yesterday.” she said she

7、had told her the news the day before.3. 比較：1)he says, “i am 15years old.” he says (that) he is 15years old.he said, “i am 15years old.” he said (that) he was 15years old.2)lucy says ,i live in chongqing. lucy says (that) she lives in chongqing. lucy said ,i live in chongqing. lucy said(that) she liv

8、ed in chongqing.五、注意：1、主句：過去時(shí)態(tài)賓語從句說明的是客觀真理或客觀事實(shí)時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，即時(shí)態(tài)不變。eg. our teacher said that light travels much faster than sound.我們老師說光的傳播速度比聲音快多了。the teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth. 老師告訴我們地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)，月球繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。2、主句：賓語從句中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語：時(shí)態(tài)不變。eg.

9、xiao wang said, “i was born on april 21,1980.” xiao wang said he was born on april 21,1980.3、原句如果是祈使句，要改為“tell(ask, order, beg等)sb.(not)to do sth句型。eg. 1) “dont make any noise.” she said to the children.she told the children not to make any noise. 2) “bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she. she as

10、ked him to bring her a cup of tea.4、賓語從句的否定：一般情況下，賓語從句的否定與一般句子的否定一樣，但動(dòng)詞think, believe，suppose等后跟賓語從句時(shí)，賓語從句的否定通常前移至主句中 eg. i dont think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你不對(duì)。eg. we dont believe she can swim.我們相信她不會(huì)游泳。5、賓語從句與反意疑問句連用規(guī)律含有賓語從句的反意疑問句有兩種形式：1）反意部分和主句謂語動(dòng)詞呼應(yīng)：he says that he is wrong, doesnt he?2）如果主句的主語是第一人稱

11、單數(shù)i且謂語動(dòng)詞為think, believe, suppose等,反意疑問句一般和賓語從句的謂語呼應(yīng)。eg. i think he is right, isnt he? i dont believe that he will come, will he?如何學(xué)好賓語從句導(dǎo)學(xué)案重慶市雙橋中學(xué) 胡英姿【class standard requirement】課標(biāo)要求master and use the object clause 掌握和運(yùn)用賓語從句【learning aims】學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. knowledge aims: (知識(shí)目標(biāo))three key points of the object c

12、lause: conjunctions , word orders and tenses 連接詞、語序、時(shí)態(tài)一致2. ability aims: （能力目標(biāo)）through self-study, team cooperation and challenge to use the object clause correctly.通過自主學(xué)習(xí)，小組合作，挑戰(zhàn)自我學(xué)會(huì)正確使用賓語從句。3. emotional aims:（情感目標(biāo)）in our life, we can quoted what others said to get along well with them.在生活中，我們能夠正確轉(zhuǎn)

13、述別人的話以保持于他人的良好關(guān)系。part one: self-study (自主學(xué)習(xí)，豐富自我). 自己閱讀 sb8a p 97-98 和賓語從句資料. revision(溫故知新，滴水不漏)1.賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的_。2.賓語從句的連詞： 1）賓語從句為陳述句。由_引導(dǎo)，這時(shí)that沒有詞義，只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語或非正式文體中常常省略。 2）賓語從句為一般疑問句時(shí)，由連詞_或_引導(dǎo)。3）賓語從句為特殊疑問句時(shí)，由_或_引導(dǎo)。4）原句如果是祈使句，要改為_句型。3. 賓語從句的語序:_4. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)：和_一致1)當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)_，可用所需的_時(shí)

14、態(tài)。2)當(dāng)主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)_，一般只能用表示_的某種時(shí)態(tài)，即：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)_一般過去時(shí)_現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)_一般將來時(shí)_現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)_. think hard(仔細(xì)思考，疑難探究)a.將下列句子變?yōu)橘e語從句：(1班全做，2班做1-10)1. he says, “i am watching tv.” he says _ he _ watching tv.2. he said, “i am watching tv.” he said _ he _ watching tv.3.lucy said , i will do her homework. lucy said_ she _ do her

15、homework. 4. are you 15years old？ miss hu asks tom.miss hu asks tom_ _ _ 15years old.5. has he handed in his homework? do you know? do you know_ he _ handed in his homework?6. does marry work in that hospital? will you tell me? will you tell me _ marry _ in that hospital?7. how old are you? miss hu

16、asks mary.miss hu asks mary_ _she_.8. where do you live ? miss hu asked mary?miss hu asked mary _ she _. 9. “open your books,” the teacher said to the students. the teacher _ the students _ _your books.10.”dont smoke in the room,” he said to me. he _me _ _ _in the room.11. “the earth moves around th

17、e sun.” our teacher told us. our teacher told us_ the earth _ around the sun.12. what did they fight about ? do you know?do you know what they_ _?13. when shall we have a meeting? can you tell me? can you tell me_ we _ _ a meeting?14. can you tell me when we shall set off? （同義句）can you tell me _ _ _

18、 _?15.i havent decided where i should go for my holidays.（同義句） i havent decided _ _go for my holidays. b. 單項(xiàng)選擇：(1班全做，2班做1-5)( )1. i wonder_ .a. whose bike is it? b. it is whose bike c. is it whose bike d. whose bike it is.( )2. do you know _?a. what has happened b. what happenc. what is happened d.

19、what happening( )3. i want to know _come tomorrow. a. will she b. whether will she c. she will d. whether she will( )4. the small boy didnt know_ waiting for. a. whom were they b. whom are they c. whom they were d. whom they are( )5. could you tell me _?a. where is nearest shop b. where is the neare

20、st shop c. the nearest shop is where d. where the nearest shop is( )6. mother asked her daughter_ when she grew up.a. what she was b. what she would be c. what would she be d. what was she going to be( ) 7.the small children dont know _a. what is their stockings in b .where is in their stockingsc. w

21、here is their stocking in d. whats in their stockings（ ）8. i dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _he comes, ill tell you.a. if; whether b. whether ;whether c. if; that d. if; if( )9. please ask her_.a. whats wrong with him b. why she did that for. c. what the matter is with him d. what her father ( )

22、10. she asked me if i knew _.a. whose pen is it b. whose pen it was c. whose pen it is d. whose pen was itpart two: team-cooperation(合作探究，成就你我)重點(diǎn)探究part one 的15個(gè)題。part three: team-cooperation(合作探究，成就你我)組內(nèi)討論part two中關(guān)于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的練習(xí)part three: class test(能力提升，體驗(yàn)成功)中考鏈接:1.(2004 重慶73)a:” dont play football i

23、n the street,” the teacher said to them. b: the teacher told them_ _ play football in the street.2.（2006 重慶71）. (課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)考生做)alice didnt know how she could draw horses well. (改為同義句)alice didnt know how _ _ horses well.(非課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)考生做)i wondered what i should do next. (改為同義句)i wondered what _ _ next.3.（2007 重慶25）there's a red car parking in our ne