新目標(biāo)英語初一上冊語法重點詞匯句型

1、新目標(biāo)英語初一上冊語法重點詞匯句型A）、名詞的數(shù) 我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下： 一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comed

2、ies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯 五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同

3、（不變的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七）一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同學(xué), family家，家庭成員 九）合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man docto

4、r-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十）有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙，卷子，論文, work工作 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞 十一） 單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或s。如：Is (Is), Ks (Ks)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：ID

5、s, VCDs, SARs 十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen B）名詞的格 當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下： 一）單數(shù)在后面加s。如：brothers, Mikes, teachers 二）復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers Day教師節(jié), classmates; Childrens Day六一節(jié), Womens Da

6、y三八節(jié) 三）由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Bens room邁克和本的房間（共住一間），Mikes and Bens rooms邁克和本的房間（各自的房間） 2、代詞 項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞 人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性 第一人稱 單數(shù) I me my mine myself 復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves 第二人稱 單數(shù) you you your yours yourself 復(fù)數(shù) you you your yours yourselves 第三

7、人稱 單數(shù) she her her hers herself he him his his himself it it its its this that itself 復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs these those themselves 3、動詞 A） 第三人稱單數(shù) 當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加s，如下： 一）一般在詞后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, fin

8、ishes 三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四）以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does, goes 五）特殊的有：are-is, have-has B） 現(xiàn)在分詞 當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下： 一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, h

9、urry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 二）以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母一個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show showing, draw-drawing）要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beg

10、inning 四）以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于 4、形容詞的級 我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下： 一） 一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter shortest, taller tallest, longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest 二）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的

11、輔音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三） 以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四）特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn)) good/well - better best many/mu

12、ch - more most bad/ill worse worst little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest 5、數(shù)詞 (基變序，有規(guī)則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fo

13、rtieth, ninety-ninetieth二、句式 1.陳述句 肯定陳述句 a) This is a book. (be動詞) b) He looks very young. (連系動詞) c) I want a sweat like this. (實義動詞) d) I can bring some things to school. (情態(tài)動詞) e) Theres a computer on my desk. (There be結(jié)構(gòu)) 否定陳述句 a) These arent their books. b) They dont look nice. c) Kate doesnt go

14、 to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate cant find her doll.e) There isnt a cat here. (=Theres no cat here.) 2. 祈使句 肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Lets learn English! c) Come in, please. 否定祈使句a) Dont be late. b) Dont hurry. 3. 疑問句 1) 一般疑問句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like sal

15、ad? d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading? 肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is. 否定回答: a) No, he isnt. b) No, you cant. c) No, she doesnt. d) No, they dont. e) No, she isnt. 2) 選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回答 Its big./ Its small. 3) 特殊疑問句 問年齡 H

16、ow old is Lucy? She is twelve. 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies. 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine. 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K. How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones. 問原因 Why do you want to join the club? 問時間 Whats the time

17、? (=What time is it?) Its a quarter to ten a.m. What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five oclock. When do you want to go? Lets go at 7:00. 問地方 Wheres my backpack? Its under the table. 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue. Whats your favourite color? Its black. 問人物 Whos that? Its my sist

18、er. Who is the boy in blue? My brother. Who isnt at school? Peter and Emma. Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? 問東西 Whats this/that (in English)? Its a pencil case. What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers. 11問姓名 Whats your aunts name? Her name is Helen

19、./Shes Helen. Whats your first name? My first names Ben. Whats your family name? My family names Smith. 12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box. 13 問字母 What letter is it? Its big D/small f. 14 問價格 How much are these pants? Theyre 15 dollars. 15 問電話號碼 Whats your phone number? Its 576-8349. 1

20、6 問謂語(動作) Whats he doing? Hes watching TV. 17 問職業(yè)(身份) What do you do? Im a teacher. Whats your father? Hes a doctor. 三、時態(tài) 1、一般現(xiàn)在時 表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現(xiàn)在時，它有： Be 動詞：Shes a worker. Is she a worker? She isnt a worker. 情態(tài)動詞：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I cant play the piano. 行為動詞：They

21、want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They dont want to eat any tomatoes. Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesnt have a watch. 2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 表示動詞在此時正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行就使用進(jìn)行時態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sb be v-ing sth + 其它. Im playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? Im not playing baseball

22、. Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isnt writing a leter。Theyre listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They arent listening to the pop music.英語作文中考滿分作文欣賞中國加入 WTO 后，有一大批外國人來我市河源參觀。假設(shè)你是導(dǎo)游，請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，向外賓簡單介紹我市的情況。 要求： 1. 100 詞左右； 2. 要點包括： a. 有悠久的歷史，位于廣東的東北部

23、，離廣州 198 公里，人口約 324 萬。 b. 有許多名勝古跡，如蘇家圍（ Sujiawei ）；萬綠湖（ WanluLake ）等等；萬綠湖是一個很美麗的地方，湖水清澈，無污染；湖中有各種各樣的魚；你可以到那里劃船，野餐，釣魚，是度假的好去處。你也可以去參觀河源市博物館，在那里你可以看到許多恐龍化石（ fossil ）。c. 祝大家在河源玩得愉快。Ladies and gentlemen，Welcome to Heyuan， now let me introduce our city Heyuan to you.中考滿分作文欣賞Ladies and gentlemen,Welcome t

24、o Heyuan, now let me introduce our city Heyuan to you. Heyuan is a city with a long history. It is in the northeast of Guangdong and 198 kilometres away from Guangzhou. It has a population of 3,240,000.There are many places of interest in Heyuan, such as Sujiawei Wanlu Lake and so on. Wanlu Lake is

25、a beautiful place. The water is clean and not polluted. There are all kinds of fish in it. You can go boating, go fishing and have a picnic there. It is really a good place to spend your holiday. Besides, you can go and visit Heyuan Museum. There you can see a lot of dinosaur egg fossils.I hope you

26、can enjoy yourselves in Heyuan.Thank you.人教版英語八年級（上）期末復(fù)習(xí)200個綜合語法選擇題( )1. _ do you write to your pen friend? Once a week. A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often( )2. _ students are there in your class? Forty-one. A. How much B. How many C. How long D. How heavy( )3. _ does a car cost（花費）in C

27、hina? It can cost as a little 50,000 yuan and as much as 300,000 yuan. A. How many B. How price C. How money D. How much( )4. Pass my glasses to me, I can _ read the words in the newspaper. A. hardly B. really C. rather(更確切的) D. clearly(清晰的)( )5. Jackie is _ careful, so he seldom(很少) makes mistake.

28、A. usually B. never C. always D. sometimes( )6. _ they are brothers, they dont look like each other at all. A. Because B. Though C. When D. As( )7. I _ at this time of yesterday. A. started do my homework B. started my homework C. started to do my homework D. started did my homework( )8. Who knows t

29、he key _ Exercise 1? Put up your hands. A. to B. of C. with D. about ( )9. I usually come to school _. A. by a bus B. on foot C. by foot D. on bus( )10. Its a fine day _ a walk. A. in B. of C. for D. at( )11. I like _ in the early morning. A. a walk B. walks C. walking D. on foots( )12. _ do you usu

30、ally go home? A. How B. What C. Where D. Who( )13. _ she leave home at six? Yes, she does. A. Is B. Can C. Do D. Does( )14. We cant see _ sun at night. A. a B. an C. the D. no ( )15. I usually walk to school, but I _ come by bus. A. some times B. often C. sometimes D. maybe( )16. Look, there is a bo

31、y over there _ the tree. A. on B. in C. at D. of( )17. She _ back home once a year with her parents. A. is going B. go C. goes D. going( )18. My father goes to work _ every day. A. by a bike B. in a bike C. on a bike D. ride bikes( )19. What does your father do? _. A. He is working hard B. He is at

32、work now C. He is a teacher D. He is teaching English( )20. Here is a post card_. A. from she to he B. from hers to him C. to him from her D. from her to him( )21. American students go to school five days _. A. every week B. the week C. in a week D. a week( )22. Can you _ English? Only _. A. speak ,

33、 a little words B. say, a little words C. speak, a little D. say, a little( )23. He works very hard because he wants _ money for his family. A. to make B. doing C. look for D. to find( )24. Sleeping too late is _ your health. A. good for B. bad for C. good to D. bad to( )25. Some of us watch TV thre

34、e _ four _a week. A. and, time B. but, time C. or, time D. or, times( )26. Li Lei likes _ a red hat. A. putting on B. to put on C. wearing D. wears( )27. I do homework every day when I come _ home _ school. A. to, from B. at, for C. , from D. from, to ( )28. I love junk food too, _ I try to _ only o

35、nce a week. A. but, eat B. but, eat them C. and, eat D. but, eat it( )29. My mother isnt in, I must _ my sister at home. A. look at B. look after C. look up D. look out( )30.I often _ on weekends. A. go to movie B. go the movies C. going to the movies D. go to the movies( )31. What _ the boy always

36、do on weekends? He always _ football _ his friends. A. does, plays, with B. does, play, and C. do, plays, and D. do, play, with( )32. My parents usually _ books after dinner. A. watch B. watches C. read D. see( )33. _ hours of sports do you do every week? Six. A. How long B. How much C. How many D.

37、How often( )34. Could you help me, please? _. A. Thats all right B. No C. Not at all D. No problem( )35. Eating vegetables maybe help you keep in _. A. healthy B. health C. healthily D. unhealthy( )36.Whats wrong _ your leg? A. to B. at C. with D. in( )37. _? Nothing. I only want to sleep for a whil

38、e. A. Whats up B. How much is there C. Whats matter D. Are you OK( )38. _ your brother and you _ any questions? A. Do, has B. Do, have C. Does, have D. Does, has( )39. Shall we go to visit the Great Wall first? _ A. Yes, we do B. Yes, lets go C. No, you shouldnt D. Its a pity( )40. Youd better _ to

39、send me an e-mail when you get home. A. not to forget B. dont forget C. to not forget D. not forget( )41.-Can you come and play football with me? -_. I have a lot of work to do. A. Excuse me B. I hope so C. Im afraid not D. Its a pleasure( )42. My brother doesnt feel _ today. A. nice B. good C. well

40、 D. badly( )43. She doesnt feel like _ anything today. A. to eat B. eating C. eat D. eats( )44. I have a toothache, I _ to see a dentist. A. want B. need C. should D. must( )45. -Whats the _, Judy? -I have a fever. A. wrong B. matter C. thing D. question( )46. National Day is _ October 1st. A. at B.

41、 of C. in D. on( )47. -Whats the matter? _ -_ A. Im not thirsty B. She has a sore throat C. Im very sorry D. Youre wrong maybe( )48.-_ did you start singing? -Two years ago. A. How B. When C. Where D. Why( )49. It is _ today than yesterday . Shall we go swimming this afternoon ?A. the hottest B. hot

42、 C. hottest D. hotter( )50. -You can go to the policeman for help. -_. A. Sure B. Its bad C. Good idea D. Youre right( )51.I have a toothache. Maybe you should see a _. A. teacher B. nurse C. worker D. dentist( )52. Whats on TV tonight? Is there _ interesting? Im afraid not. A. something B. nothing

43、C. anything D. everything( )53. Excuse me, have you got any ink(墨水)? Yes, but only _. A. a little B. a few C. little D. few ( )54. -May I take this book out of the reading room? -_, please read it here. A. Certainly B. Sure C. No, you neednt D. No, you mustnt( )55. “It took me nearly 40 minutes to r

44、ide here”. “Have a drink, please. You _ be thirty.” A. will B. must C. should D. can( )56. You must look _ yourself and keep _. A. for, health B. after, health C. after, healthy D. for, healthy( )57 She _ babysit her sister this weekend. A. need to B. must C. have to D. had to( )58. Its very useful

45、_ English well. A. of us to learn B. for us to learn C. of us learning D. for us learning( )59. Lu Yun is a famous people, _ here knows him. A. someone B. everyone C. no one D. anyone( )60. Dont cross the road now, you _ wait for the green lights. A. has to B. should C. can D. may ( )61. Eating _ me

46、at is bad for your health. A. too many B. much too C. many too D. too much( )62. You shouldnt eat too much _ you go to bed. A. when B. before C. after D. while( )63. People who are _ and angry must eat too much yang food. A. stressed B. stressed of C. stressed out D. stressed in( )64. You dont look

47、well. Whats wrong? _ A. It doesnt matter B. Please dont ask me C. I dont think so D. I was ill yesterday( )65. Im ill. Please give me some good _. A. advise B. advises C. advice D. advices( )66. There is _ snow here in winter. A. too many B. too much C. lot of D. much too( )67. Could you give me a p

48、iece of paper _? A. to write B. to write down C. to write on D. to write with( )68. I dont feel _. The doctor asked me to go and see him _ three days. A. well, every B. well, each C. good, each D. good, every( )69. There is _ with your computer. A. much something wrong B. much wrong something C. not

49、hing much wrong D. something wrong much( )70. Youre very tired. Youd better _. A. stop to working B. stop working C. to stop to work D. stop to work( )71.- _ is he staying here? -From Monday to Saturday. A. How often B. How far C. How long D. When( )72. Were _ this Sunday. A. go fishing B. going cam

50、p C. going shopping D. go hiking( )73. -_ are you doing for next vacation? -Im going to Tibet for a week. A. Where B. What C. How long D. Why( )74. My sister and I _ a vacation this summer. A. are taking B. is taking C. are have D. is having( )75. That piece of music sounds _. A. beautifully B. happily C. nice D. pretty( )76. May I ask some questions _ that thing. Sure! A. of B. for C. about D. to( )77. I dont know that boy _ can dance well. A. this B. who C. what D. where( )78. He is a _ star, everyone here knows him. A. interesting B. exciting C. funny D. famous( )79. I _ you can get bett