全新版大學(xué)英語第二版綜合教程4課文原文及翻譯

1、They say that pride comes before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the many victories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could stand in their way. Russia's icy defender was to prove them wrong.人道是驕兵必?cái)?。就拿拿破侖和希特勒兩人來說吧, 他們所向披靡, 便以為自己戰(zhàn)無不勝, 不可阻擋。但

2、俄羅斯的冰雪衛(wèi)士證明他們錯(cuò)了。The Icy DefenderNila B. Smith1 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of theRussian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital cit

3、y. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow - the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.冰雪衛(wèi)士奈拉 B 史密斯1812年，法國皇帝拿破侖波拿巴率大軍入侵俄羅斯。他準(zhǔn)備好俄羅斯人民 會為保衛(wèi)祖國而奮勇抵抗。他準(zhǔn)備好在俄羅斯廣袤的國土上要經(jīng)過長途跋涉才能進(jìn)軍首都莫斯科。但他沒有料到在莫斯科他會遭遇勁敵俄羅斯陰冷凄苦的寒冬。2 In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack

4、 against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the S

5、oviet soldiers.1941年，納粹德國元首阿道夫希特勒進(jìn)攻當(dāng)時(shí)被稱作蘇聯(lián)的俄羅斯。希特 勒的軍事實(shí)1力堪稱無敵。他的戰(zhàn)爭機(jī)器掃除了歐洲絕大部分地區(qū)的抵抗。希特勒希望速戰(zhàn)速決 , 但是 , 就像在他之前的拿破侖一樣, 他得到的是痛苦的教訓(xùn)。仍是俄羅斯的冬天助了蘇維埃士兵一臂之力。Napoleon's Campaign3 In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well tra

6、ined, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.拿破侖發(fā)起的戰(zhàn)役1812 年春 , 拿破侖在俄國邊境屯兵60 萬。這些士兵受過良好訓(xùn)練, 作戰(zhàn)力強(qiáng),裝備精良。這支軍隊(duì)被稱為大軍。拿破侖對馬到成功充滿自信, 預(yù)言要在5 個(gè)星期內(nèi)攻下俄國。4 Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's

7、 army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight.Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon bec

8、ame bogged down by slow-moving supply lines. 不久 , 拿破侖的大軍渡過涅曼河進(jìn)入俄國。拿破侖期盼著的速決速勝遲遲沒有發(fā)生。令他吃驚的是, 俄國人并不奮起抵抗。相反 , 他們一路東撤, 沿途焚毀莊稼和民居。大軍緊追不舍, 但它的長驅(qū)直入很快由于糧草運(yùn)輸緩慢而停頓下來。5 In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians wer

9、e again able to retreat farther into Russian territory.Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter到了 8 月 , 法俄兩軍在斯摩棱斯克交戰(zhàn), 這一戰(zhàn)役中, 雙方各有上萬人陣亡?？墒嵌韲巳阅茉谧约旱膰辽?/p>

10、繼續(xù)后撤。拿破侖未能取得決定性的勝利。此刻他面臨著一個(gè)重要抉擇。是繼續(xù)追擊俄國軍隊(duì), 還是把軍隊(duì)駐扎在斯摩棱斯克, 在那兒度過將到的冬天6 Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and

11、forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.拿破侖孤注一擲, 決定向遠(yuǎn)在448 公里之外的莫斯科進(jìn)發(fā)。1812 年 9 月 7 日 ,法俄兩軍在莫斯科以西112 公里外的鮑羅季諾激戰(zhàn)。夜幕降臨時(shí),3 萬名法國士兵以及萬名俄國士兵或傷或亡, 倒在了戰(zhàn)場上。7 Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an em

12、pty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."俄國軍隊(duì)再次撤往安全之處。拿破侖順利進(jìn)

13、入莫斯科, 然而 , 對該市的占領(lǐng)成為毫無意義的勝利。俄國人棄城而走。法國人進(jìn)城不久, 一場熊熊大火燒毀了整個(gè)城市的三分之二。拿破侖向亞歷山大一世提出停戰(zhàn), 但沙皇深知他可以等待時(shí)機(jī): “且讓俄羅斯的嚴(yán)冬為我們戰(zhàn)斗吧?！? Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.拿破侖很快意識到, 他無法在冬天向遠(yuǎn)在莫斯科

14、的軍隊(duì)供應(yīng)糧草、提供御寒衣物和宿營之地。1812年 10月 , 他命令大軍撤出莫斯科。9 The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's fir

15、st snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.法軍的撤離成為一場噩夢。俄國人出沒于田野與森林, 采用打了就跑的戰(zhàn)術(shù)向法國人發(fā)起攻擊。剛出莫斯科城, 氣溫就降到攝氏零下4 度。 11

16、月 3 日降下初 雪。困乏的馬匹倒地而死。大炮陷入雪中。裝備只得被用作燃料焚燒。士兵們?nèi)静鏊馈７▏勘现_步行進(jìn), 一路上留下無數(shù)死尸。10 As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But

17、Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.正當(dāng)俄羅斯軍隊(duì)集聚兵力之時(shí), 法國人卻不得不逃離俄國, 以避免注定的失敗。在別列茲那河, 俄國人焚燒了漲水的河道上的橋梁, 差點(diǎn)將后撤的法軍困于河邊。僥幸的是, 拿破侖居然突

18、擊造起兩座橋。成千上萬法國士兵得以逃脫, 但卻損失了 5 萬人。渡過別列茲拿河 , 潰不成軍的幸存者一瘸一拐地向維爾紐行進(jìn)。11 Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a po

19、werful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.拿破侖發(fā)兵60 萬進(jìn)入俄國, 只有不到 10 萬士兵返回。元?dú)獯髠姆▏婈?duì)在歐洲繼續(xù)西撤。不久, 英國、奧地利、俄國以及普魯士組成強(qiáng)大的聯(lián)盟, 攻擊這些散兵游勇。1814年 3月 , 巴黎被攻占。拿破侖退位去過流放生活, 他締造的帝國隨之滅亡。Hitler's Invasion12 By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, had seized